黔东交通运输发展浅析与建议

铜仁地区正逐步形成陆、水、空立体交通运输发展格局,其中公路建设是关键也是重点发展方向。在公路建设中,一是抓高等级公路建设,一是抓农村公路建设,带动普通干线公路改造实施;三是对路网规划修补改造,着力修补中轴线:即彭水(重庆)—沿河—印江—江口—天星(黔东南)—玉屏—新晃(湖南)高速公路。     

道路危险货物运输事故原因分析与对策研究

近年来，我国道路危险货物运输事故频繁发生，给国家经济、人民生活和环境保护造成极大的影响。本文在介绍典型事故案例的基础上，对我国危险货物运输事故原因进行了深入分析，认为法规制定不完善、管理和监督不到住、从业人员素质低下、运输车辆技术状况差及路况与环境影响等方面是导致事故频发的根本原因，并针对原因给出了相应的对策。     

Crime in a Convict Republic

'It is much easier to extirpate than to amend Mankind.'
Sir William Blackstone
Five stages in the history of regulation are derived from the literature as a starting framework for this essay. These stages are outlined in the first section. This five-stage model is then confronted and revised in light of the neglected case of the Australian penal colony. It is juxtaposed throughout the paper with the history of the regulation of crime in the US. Australian convict society is found to be brutal yet forgiving. We conclude that surprisingly high levels of procedural justice and reintegration in Australian convict society drive down crime rates at a remarkable rate in the nineteenth century. In contrast American slave society is characterised by procedural injustice, exclusion and stigmatisation, which delivers high crime rates. Following Heimer and Staffen's theory, reintegration and procedural fairness are found to arise in conditions where the powerful are dependent on the deviant. Acute labour shortage is the basis of a reintegrative assignment system for Australian convicts to work in the free community. While convicts change Australia in very Australian ways, we find that many of these developments are not uniquely Australian and so a revision of the five-phase model is proposed. The revision also implies that Foucault's distinction between governing the body versus governing the soul (corporal/capital punishment versus the penitentiary) is less central than exclusion versus inclusion (banishment versus restorative justice) to understanding all stages of the history of regulation.     

Residential location,transportation, and welfare‐to‐work in the United States: A case study of Milwaukee

Abstract

This article addresses two questions about spatial barriers to welfare‐to‐work transition in the United States. First, what residential and transportation adjustments do welfare recipients tend to make as they try to become economically self‐sufficient? Second, do these adjustments actually increase the probability that they will become employed?

Analysis of 1997–2000 panel data on housing location and automobile ownership for Milwaukee welfare recipients reveals two tendencies: (1) to relocate to neighborhoods with less poverty and more racial integration and (2) to obtain a car. Results from binary logit models indicate that residential relocation and car ownership both increase the likelihood that welfare recipients will become employed. These findings suggest that policies should aim to facilitate residential mobility for low‐income families and improve their neighborhoods, rather than simply move them closer to job opportunities. The findings also suggest a critical role for transportation policy in reducing unemployment.     

Job–Worker Balance and Income Match in the United States

This study uses journey-to-work data from urban census tracts across the United States to investigate whether people living and working in the same area is related to job–worker balance or to the income from jobs. The results indicate that more people live and work in the same commute shed if there is job–worker balance and income matching.     

Transit supportive home loans: Theory,application, and prospects for smart growth

Abstract

This article discusses mortgage lending programs aimed at lower‐income buyers looking to purchase homes in compact, transit‐accessible neighborhoods. Unlike traditional lending formulas, the transit supportive home loans consider the transportation cost savings from living in transit‐friendly neighborhoods and applies these savings to a larger mortgage calculation. However, little has been published positioning the concept against the broader goals of smart growth, describing the application of the product, or commenting on its prospects.

The first part of this article therefore draws heavily from the literature on smart growth to present the theoretical foundations of the transit supportive home loans and how they address growth management program goals. The second part describes the application of the concept, and the third examines the prospects for this tool and briefly comments on circumstances likely to bedevil its widespread adoption or overall impact.     

越南海洋交通运输业发展研究

海洋交通运输业是海洋经济的重要组成部分,但海运在交通运输业中却没有发挥应有的作用。在大力发展海洋经济的背景下,越南将海洋交通运输业作为经济发展的重点行业来规划。本文通过研究越南海港和航线布局、海洋运输船队发展情况、主要港口货物吞吐量、海洋交通运输发展规划等内容,以了解越南海洋交通运输业的发展状况。     

Juvenile convicts and their colonial familial lives

Convicts were transported from Britain to Van Diemen’s Land from 1803 until 1853. Approximately 10 000–13 000 juveniles were among the 148 000 convicts transported. This article has traced the lives of female and male juvenile convicts transported, who were sentenced at the Old Bailey (the Central Criminal Court in London), and voyaged to Van Diemen’s Land. By exploring individual lives, and contextualising their experiences, it is possible to go beyond the circumstances of offending–through to their punishment period, to their lives upon release. This article will focus on one aspect of juvenile convict lives post-transportation–their familial life. The method of nominal record-linkage has been used across a variety of criminal and non-criminal records (including civil records and newspapers) in order to build up a picture of these young offenders. Going beyond the institution and focusing directly on female and male juveniles is important in understanding the lives of this unique group. From the behaviour of the juvenile convicts themselves, to the decisions of the administrators and the conditions of the penal colony into which they were thrust; were these female and male juvenile convicts able to form ‘settled’ colonial lives and which factors inhibited or facilitated this process?     

法律冲安时的适用标准——以刘家海诉交警部门案为例

法律毕竞是人为制定的规则,法律之间的冲突从某种意义上是不可避免的.司法,作为规则之治的终结者,自然需要对冲突的法律进行选择适用.尽管立法法已经出台,但现实的司法判决表明,法律冲突时的适用标准依然存在问题.刘家海诉交警部门案就是一例.通过将该案的争论焦点渐次展开可以发现,立法法中貌似明确的适用标准起码可以进行三个方面的补充:一是原则考量的引入,二是"立法权"替代"立法机关"进行解释,三是社会效果考量的必要.     

国际航空运输事故产品责任法律适用论要

航空产品缺陷是国际航空运输事故的成因之一,一旦发生此类事故,其损害赔偿是受害者最为关切的问题。受害者为了获得有效和充分赔偿将面临如何选择法律,选择何国法律来追究相关人员责任的问题。航空产品责任的界定以及航空运输权利义务主体间的关系具有特殊性,伴有合同和侵权法律关系且常交织在一起。目前,我国还没有关于调整涉外产品责任法律适用的专门法律制度,但在立法体例和具体法律适用的立法规定方面,可根据我国的实际情况,对涉外产品责任的法律适用予以完善。