人文关怀视野下死刑复核制度之法理思考

死刑复核程序是我国刑事案件中重要的程序,同时死刑的复核权也是这一程序中关键性的话题,正因为死刑复核程序能够有效的防止错杀、保障人权,所以我们必须进一步的完善这一制度。但现实中由于死刑复核权的下放使死刑复核程序名存实亡,同时由于立法上不完善使这一权力和程序在实践中难以实现立法的初衷。所以在“尊重和保障人权”的背景下,我们必须对死刑程序的相关问题进行进一步的完善。     

The severity of intermediate penal sanctions: A psychophysical scaling approach for obtaining community perceptions

The use of intensive supervision programs (ISPs) and other forms of intermediate penal sanctions is increasing in the United States. This paper describes a preliminary investigation of the extent to which informed New Jersey residents believe that intermediate sanctions that are currently being implemented in their state are severe. Using cross-modality matching of magnitude estimation techniques adopted from psychophysics, we obtained severity ratings of 32 sentences across six sentencing modalities (ISPs, probation, imprisonment, home detention, weekend sentencing, and fines) from respondents who had been briefed beforehand about what these sentences entail. Results indicate that our respondents agree that ISPs, weekend sentencing, and home detention have retributive bite and may be accepted as sentences in their own right. Probation was seen as being relatively lenient, while imprisonment was seen as highly severe.     

鄂伦春语疑问句的类型及其特征

文章运用语言类型学理论视角,以田野调查所获第一手自然语料为基础,描写分析了鄂伦春语疑问句的类型特征及其标记形式。虽然鄂伦春语的极性问句和内容问句两种基本功能类型的标记方式较为单一,但是两种疑问句在语调模式和形态变化表现等方面各具特点。鄂伦春语的极性问句和内容问句在形态句法特征等方面也符合类型学上的诸多共性特征。     

论法律文书歧义句的负面影响、成因及消解

歧义句是指其意义存在两种或两种以上理解的句子。法律文书歧义句影响办案的效率,增加司法机关办案负担,损害有关当事人的利益。法律文书语言歧义句是由于词语的多义性、词义范围过大、结构多样性、语序不当、标点符号使用不当、施受关系不明和指代不明等原因造成的。法律文书歧义句可采用选用单义词语、追加语境,运用限制、标点符号、明确施受关系和指代对象等方法消解。     

现行死刑复核制度存在的几个问题及对策性分析

经过理论界和实务界长期不懈的努力,死刑复核权终于回归最高人民法院.虽然在回归前后最高院及相关部门陆续出台了与死刑复核程序相关的配套规定,但仍存在一些亟待明确的问题.结合司法实践及最新出台的司法解释,从死刑复核的启动方式、复核方式、审理方式、审理范围以及参与主体等七个方面进行对策性分析,对我国早日建立起完善的死刑复核制度是有帮助的.     

Widows: perceptions,demography, residence patterns,and standard of living

This article examines the formulation, application, and effects of Article 31 of Law 14.394, which introduced absolute divorce into Argentina, albeit briefly: the law was passed in December 1954 and ‘suspended’ in March 1956. Our study sheds light on the juridical dimension of a topic that has not been considered to date. We present the results of our research in two parts. The first part analyzes the text of the law and the debates around it in Argentina's Congress. The second part provides an overview of divorce sentences and then considers certain exceptional cases. The specific features of the debates and sentences considered here provide a more complex vision of Juan Domingo Perón's government's definitions of the ‘new family.’     

论《唐律》中的“出入人罪”

司法人员的审判工作在古代和现代都是非常重要的,它关系着人民的权利以及社会的公平和正义。《唐律》是我国古代影响很大的一部法律,其中对司法官员的审判活动作了若干规定。通过对其中有关“出入人罪”方面的规定作一点介绍并进行简要评价,可以对中国司法实践的现状提出一些建议。     

论服刑人员的法定权利

第二次世界大战以后,联合国相继通过了一系列涉及服刑人员权利的国际公约。这些国际公约促成了服刑人员权利的国际保护,也推动和督促了各国在其国内法中对服刑人员权利的确认和保护。确认并保障服刑人员依法享有权利,已是现代各国刑罚制度共同遵循的一条基本准则。新中国监狱十分重视对服刑人员的人格和尊严的保护,已建立了较为广泛的服刑人员权利保护制度。监狱法律制度对女犯、未成年犯、老弱病残犯和少数民族服刑人员等某些特殊服刑人员群体都规定了特殊的权利保护内容。     

服刑人员社会支持系统结构实证研究

以10名服刑人员为对象进行访谈，归纳出服刑人员社会支持系统构成的9大要素。在此基础上编制服刑人员社会支持系统调查问卷。依据226名服刑人员的调研结果，对服刑人员社会支持系统构成进行探索性因子分析，并同时进行验证性因子分析检验。结果证实。服刑人员社会支持系统是一个具有三维结构的构念，即安全性支持、适应性支持、情感性社会支持，同时具有内容同质性、过程单向性、功能内隐性的特征。     

Crime Volume and Law and Order Culture

The literature on public opinion about crime and justice has neglected the exploration of macro‐ or community‐level influences on individual‐level attitudes. A key macrofactor that may be related to individual level attitudes is the volume of violent crime. High crime rates can facilitate the development of a culture of “law and order,” a response that may be a practical or instrumental attempt to control crime. The present paper tests the hypothesis that persons residing in nations marked by a high volume of crime will be more likely to adhere to elements of a law and order culture. It employs data from the International Social Science Program (N = 15,024). Controls are taken from major theoretical perspectives on public opinion about crime as well as demographic factors. The results from a hierarchical linear model support the hypothesis that individuals residing in nations with high crime rates are more likely than others to support law and order ideologies. The findings extend the support for this relationship from research based on the US alone to other industrialized societies.