建国以来抗战胜利纪念活动的历史考察

在抗战胜利纪念日前后举行各种形式纪念活动,是建国以来全国乃至各地的传统,有着独特的价值。建国以来抗战胜利纪念日经历了从"八一五"到"九三",从行政法规到国家立法的双重变化。抗战胜利纪念活动,包括全国性和地方性活动,经历了从新中国成立初期的高潮到20世纪50年代中后期开始的回落,再到改革开放后多样化、常态化、规范化的过程。抗战胜利纪念活动以对抗战精神的弘扬,发挥着强化历史教育、彰显国家意志、服务外交战略的功能。     

抗日战争时期中国共产党的现代化思想演变

抗日战争时期对中共而言是一个非常重要的时期，它不仅在军事力量上空前壮大，而且在理论建树上创立了新民主主义理论。新民主主义理论第一次较系统地阐述了中共的现代化思想，涉及政治、经济、文化、社会以及教育发展等领域。其重要性在于：第一，中共当下革命活动与未来发展方向清晰明确，价值目标与具体主张协调一致；第二，所提出现代化思路、框架和政策主张为社会各界所认同，形成广泛共识，为中共最终夺取政权和中华人民共和国建国初期的现代化建设奠定了理论基础。     

Democracy promotion and ODA: a comparative analysis

Scholars of democracy promotion foreign aid often claim it has substantially increased, yet they shy away from explaining by how much, nor investigate comparative trends in giving. This paper attempts to fill this void by addressing the following: (1) Has democracy promotion aid increased since the end of the Cold War? (2) Has the ‘assumed’ trend of increasing aid persevered through the difficulties encountered in democratizing Iraq? (3) Did aid increase from states that supported the invasion of Iraq compared to states that did not? The author's analysis purports that the answer is yes to the first two, yet it is harder to draw conclusions regarding Iraq. Another finding, contrary to claims in the scholarly literature, in terms of percentage and overall spending, the USA gives more democracy promotion aid than the EU. The author hopes this work stimulates research into the role of democracy promotion in the Arab Spring to consider historical trends in giving.     

Terrorism and trust

Trust enables us to simplify and understand complicated realities and orientate ourselves in them, which we do through symbolic systems, including myth and religion. Terrorism results when those systems generate extreme distrust, especially between ethnic or religious groups. Within nation-states pre-conditions of trust include normative coherence, stability, openness and accountability. In international relations these pre-conditions are more difficult to establish. But it is still possible. The process usually includes reaction to a crisis, the creation of good personal relationships between leaders, mutual concessions, well-documented agreements with provision for verification, and opportunities for populations to get to know each other.     

论1975年“马亚克斯”事件与美泰交涉

美国在越南战争的最后关头背信弃义,未出手援助它扶植的柬埔寨政权和南越政权,受到盟国质疑.刚成立的民柬政府扣留美国商船"马亚克斯"号,为美国重塑形象、重申强硬立场提供了机会,它以泰国为基地实施武力营救.不过,泰国正在调整向美国一边倒的外交政策,努力改善同亚洲尤其是印度支那邻国的关系,力图在这场美柬纠纷中保持中立.美国的营救行动造成泰国处境困难,引起强烈抗议和严正交涉.这个事件给冷战期间的美泰关系带来重要影响.     

论美国在南越灭亡前的撤离行动

在南越即将灭亡之际，美国组织了一场大规模的撤离行动，从南越撤走美国公民及其家属，以及大批南越公民。本文主要利用《数字化美国国家安全档案》所收录的解密文件，论述了美国政府在整个撤离过程中的决策及其实施步骤，分析了其缺点与不足。     

An end to “Civil War politics”? The radically reshaped political landscape of post-crash Ireland

The European debt crisis has impacted on electoral politics in most European states, but particularly in the Republic of Ireland. The severe nature of the economic crash and the subsequent application of austerity policies have brought large fluctuations in political support levels, with the three parties that have dominated the state since its foundation – Fianna Fail, Fine Gael and Labour – all being adversely effected. The extent of these changes is highly controlled both by geography and by class, with political allegiances proving to be highly fluid in certain parts of the state. Growing support levels for left wing parties and groupings, but most notably Sinn Fein, appear to be moving Irish politics away from the old “Civil War” style of politics and bringing it more into line with the traditional class cleavage politics of continental Europe.     

朱德抗日游击战争思想与马克思主义中国化——以《朱德同志关于抗日游击战争的论述》为中心

《朱德同志关于抗日游击战争的论述》是朱德在1938年前后思考抗日游击战争理论问题的重要文献，充分表现出来德自觉继承马克思主义军事思想的学习精神，揭示了朱德结合中国革命实践敢于创新、创造性地运用马克思主义的理论品格。《朱德同志关于抗日游击战争的论述》是马克思主义军事思想中国化进程和毛泽东军事思想逐渐成熟过程的历史见证。     

国际法视角下的伊拉克战争--浅析布什主义的先发制人策略

先发制人是布什主义的基本要素,即坚持美国具有潜在的敌人能够伤害美国之前,对其首先发动攻击的权力.国家进行预防性战争的理由主要是,他国未来将发动袭击,因此要努力阻止这样的袭击发生.先发制人与预防性战争的区别主要在于敌人正准备进攻的确定无疑或似是而非.伊拉克战争是美国人一场预防性的战争,历史和国际法对预防性战争都是否定的.     

孙子“势”域中的群体性事件现场控制

孙子＂势＂论是其军事思想的重要组成部分之一。孙子＂势＂论在具体的作战中表现为将帅运用主客观条件所造成的态势和敌我力量对比。处置群体性事件具有政治要求高,敏感性强等特点。孙子＂势＂论可以作为群体性事件现场控制谋略的来源,使警方更加有效地进行力量配置和认识群体性事件现场控制要素。公安机关在群体性事件现场控制过程中,要善于从多维角度认知现场,在重视战机的巨大作用和示＂形＂造＂势＂的同时,还要善于超＂势＂。