Economic voting in multi-level contexts: Evidence from Kerala and West Bengal in India

What determines electoral support for national incumbent parties and state-level challengers in sub-national pro-poor contexts? Based on survey data from the Indian states of Kerala and West Bengal, collected prior to the 2019 national election, we find that voters were more (less) inclined to vote for the sub-national incumbent relative to the national incumbent if their household economic conditions were perceived to have improved (deteriorated) relative to national economic conditions. Our findings indicate that voters in these settings correctly assume that the sub-national incumbent cannot be held responsible for changes in national economic conditions, but, at the same time, the existence of a strong welfare state at the sub-national level creates expectations that the sub-national government is responsible for personal welfare. Hence, the national election is used to assess the economic performance of both the sub-national and the national incumbent.     

Molecular Identification of Indian Crocodile Species: PCR‐RFLP Method for Forensic Authentication*

Abstract: South East Asian countries are known for illegal poaching and trade of crocodiles clandestinely, to be used in skin, medicinal, and cosmetic industries. Besides crocodiles being listed in the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora, India has its Wildlife Protection Act, 1972 for conservation of crocodile species. Hitherto, lack of any rapid and reliable technique for examinations of crocodile‐based crime exhibits such as skin, bones, etc. has been a major problem for an effective promulgation of law on illegal trade. DNA‐based identification of species using PCR‐RFLP technique for an apt identification of all the three Indian crocodile species namely, Crocodylus porosus, Crocodylus palustris and Gavialis gangeticus is presented here. A 628 bp segment of cytochrome b gene was amplified using novel primers followed by restriction digestion with three enzymes i.e., HaeIII, MboI, and MwoI, separately and in combination. The technique has produced a species‐specific pattern for identifying the three crocodile species individually, which fulfills the requirement for its forensic application. It is expected that the technique will prove handy in identification of all the three Indian crocodile species and strengthen conservation efforts.     

西部行政执法环境与舆论监督互动关系研究

西部行政执法环境的改善离不开媒体的舆论监督。然而舆论监督与行政执法环境既存在一致性,也存在不协调性。行政执法机关与新闻媒体之间应建立信任与合作的互动关系,促成行政机关、媒体与大众之间充分的交流与沟通,进而形成良性的舆论监督环境,最终达到宣传执法形象,化解执法矛盾,促进执法效率,实现西部行政执法环境的良性发展。     

芥川龙之介的杭州之行——一个大正西湖梦的破灭

1921年,日本大正时代代表作家芥川龙之介应大阪每日新闻社之邀请赴中国旅行考察,撰写了《中国游记》,其中以不小的篇幅记录了他的杭州之行。本文从“中国趣味”和西湖景观在日本历史中的特殊地位以及二十世纪早期杭州现代化进程等方面探讨芥川的浪漫西湖梦及其破灭的原因。究其根本,芥川对西湖乃至近代中国的批评．也是对西化日本的反思,中国之行成为他探寻传统回归本我的重要媒介。西湖梦的破碎其实流露了芥川内心对日本背离传统一味模仿西方的失望。     

文化软实力与西部民族文化生态建设

西部地区民族文化生态的保护和开发是关系到西部经济的可持续发展、民族团结和社会稳定的大事。提升我国和西部文化软实力,事关中华民族本土文化的传承与复兴。西部民族文化生态与经济建设、精神文明建设、民族团结、文化创新都有着密切关系。加强西部民族文化生态的保护和文化建设,树立文化新思维,从提升文化软实力的战略高度,要高度重视西部民族文化生态实施的开发与保护,并建立和完善相应的法律制度。     

Strontium and geolocation, the pathway to identification for deceased undocumented mexican border-crossers: a preliminary report

Much of the difficulty associated with identifying and repatriating deceased undocumented border-crossers stems from an inability to narrow down the search area to more probable options. Analysis of the isotopic variation in the tooth enamel of modern Mexican populations is currently underway at the University of California Santa Cruz. Using Thermo Ionization Mass Spectrometry, the pilot research analyzed strontium isotopes located in the donated permanent teeth of Mexican-born individuals of known origin from four states. The preliminary results reveal the formation of three distinctly significant regions in the data set. Using the technology outlined here, a map documenting the isotopic variation in modern Mexican tooth enamel is being complied to use for cross comparison with deceased border crossers of unknown origin.     

非法移民：困扰俄罗斯的一道难题

近年来俄罗斯主要边境地段非法移民情况严重 ,给俄罗斯的边境乃至国家安全带来了隐患。非法移民的途径是选定与俄相邻的边界地段 ,利用俄驻外领事馆正式颁发的身份证和护照、利用民族血缘关系相近国家的假护照、利用带有前苏联标志的证件等手段以合法或非法的方式进入俄罗斯。俄政府已采取了一些整治措施 ,但要彻底解决非法移民问题 ,尚需时日     

印度教与印度民族主义

本文探讨了印度教对印度民族主义的负面影响 ,以及印度民族独立运动的领袖如何利用印度教来促成印度民族主义的形成、教派民族主义者如何利用印度教来为教派民族主义服务 ,并指出以印度教为基础的民族主义对印度社会的的双重作用。     

西部大开发经济报道热中的理性思考

西部大开发中的经济报道,是当今新闻报道的重心之一。西部大开发既要利用现有条件与相关优势,更要调整产业结构、发展市场体制、重视管理与人才、发挥中小企业的重要作用。本文试图梳理目前经济报道中的热点与不足之处,并提出相应的报道对策。     

论西部地区的可持续发展问题

无论在发达国家,还是在发展中国家,可持续发展问题都受到越来越多的关注。西部地区是国家的生态屏障,其可持续发展问题不仅关系到西部地区经济社会的顺利发展,而且关系到整个国家经济社会的持续稳定发展。