An osteometric study of northern Indian populations for sexual dimorphism in craniofacial region

Sex identification is an initial crucial objective in the revelation of the complete identity of the human skeleton as it also renders significantly clearer guidance towards age and stature estimation. Population specific standards are of great practical relevance in the present era of increasing population intermixing. Size differences and robusticity are the two well-elaborated pillars holding most of the dimorphic burdens of the skull. This study is designed to explore dimorphic characteristics of the craniofacial region to establish anthropometric standards for contemporary North Indian populations, which have not been available so far. One hundred and twelve adult crania of known age (23-65 years) and sex (M:F; 82:30) were collected in the Department of Forensic Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India. Ten standard metric parameters of craniofacial region were measured and subjected to stepwise and direct discriminant function analysis employing SPSS 16.00. Bizygomatic breadth emerged as the single best parameter in stepwise analysis, providing an average accuracy of 85.5%.     

从凤凰山汉简看西汉地方财政税收

凤凰山汉简是研究西汉赋税的重要资料。与以往对此研究焦点多集中在赋税额度上不同,本文则从地方财政角度重新审视这批简牍,以口钱为切入点,认为凤凰山汉简所载的口钱条目并不是向未成年人征收的人头税,也不是简单意义上向成年人征收的人头税,而是与简牍上其它条目一样,是地方财政的一部分,用来供给地方行政长官的公务费用。     

对建设海峡西岸经济区和福州（平潭）综合实验区的一些思考和建议

本文对建设海峡西岸经济区的战略定位提出了“关乎国家核心利益”全新视野的观点,并通过对一般经济区存在的弊端的分析,提出几点忧虑。最后就海峡西岸经济区和福州（平潭）综合实验区的建设和发展提出了一系列的对策和措施建议。     

Population genetics data of 23 autosomal STR loci for three Populations in United Arab Emirates

In the present study, forensic parameters were estimated for three populations residing in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) including UAE Arabs, Pakistanis and Indians based on the population data of 23 autosomal short tandem repeats (STRs). The UAE Arabs is a vital population to study due to high rates of consanguineous marriages. Therefore, it is essential to estimate the allele distribution and frequencies within this population. In addition, it is crucial to study the largest communities living in the UAE such as Indians and Pakistanis. A total of 1272 blood samples were collected on FTA® cards, comprising of 571 UAE Arabs, 352 Indians and 349 Pakistanis. All of these samples were amplified directly using Verifiler® Express PCR Amplification Kit that focuses on 23 autosomal STR loci, namely D3S1358, vWA, D16S539, CSF1PO, TPOX, D8S1179, D21S11, D18S51, D2S441, D19S433, TH01, FGA, D22S1045, D5S818, D13S317, D7S820, D10S1248, D1S1656, D12S391, D2S1338, D6S1043, Penta D and Penta E loci. The PCR products were electrophoresed on ABI 3500 Genetic Analyzer and analyzed using GeneMapper ID-X v1.4 software. Arlequin v3.5 and PowerStats software were utilized to determine the forensic parameters and population structure using AMOVA. Gene diversity, ranged from 0.67406 (TPOX) to 0.9226 (Penta E) in the UAE Arabs, 0.69955 (TPOX) to 0.9214 (Penta E) in Indian and 0.69853 (TPOX) to 0.921 (Penta E) in Pakistani population. The most discriminating autosomal STR loci observed was Penta E (PD = 0.985), (PD = 0.986), (PD = 0.986) in the UAE Arabs, Indian and Pakistani population, respectively. The obtained results showed the 23 STR loci had a relatively high genetic variation, confirming the suitability for forensic identification and kinship analysis, in the relevant populations. The significance of this study is to build an allelic frequency database for one of the most powerful commercially available STR amplification kits by using the current forensic workflow.     

Neighborhood Advantage,Relative Status,and Violence Among Foreign-Born Adolescents

Immigrant families and contexts are protective for delinquency, even though recent immigrants are more likely to be poor and reside in disadvantaged settings. Yet it is unclear whether the protective effects of immigrant status depend on the match between family SES and neighborhood advantage. This study examines the interplay among immigrant status, family SES, and neighborhood advantage in predicting adolescent violence. Using multilevel longitudinal data from the Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (N = 1,908), findings show that first-generation adolescents from low-SES families have the highest odds of violence in the most advantaged contexts, exceeding that of even third-generation adolescents. In contrast, high-SES first-generation adolescents have the highest probability of violence in less advantaged contexts, but the lowest in the most advantaged neighborhoods. The results identify conditions under which the protective nature of immigrant status is eroded, and highlight the importance of relative status for understanding violence among foreign-born adolescents.     

世界银行与印度农业发展

印度是世界银行创始国之一 ,更是截止目前单个接收世界银行援助累积金额最多的国家。鉴于世界银行对农业部门的倾斜政策以及农业在印度的经济发展中的基础地位 ,世界银行在促进印度农业发展方面起到了不可忽视的作用。本文通过世界银行在印度部分农业项目的开展情况来揭示世界银行对印度农业发展的作用以及前景。     

西部吸引风险投资发展旅游业的思考

据最新一项对全球 10 0 0家规模最大的公司首席执政官的调查显示 ,中国在世界投资信心榜上名列第二位 ,仅次于美国 ,成为全球第二个最受欢迎的外国直接投资地 ,接近 1/3的首席执政官对中国投资前景表示乐观。国际风险投资基金正在酝酿“战略性”转移 ,近年来欧美的投资基金正以每年 4 0～ 5 0 %的速度退出当地市场 ,而经济和科技保持高速增长的中国为各国风险投资资本看好。英国、法国、美国的大公司近日都加紧准备 ,做好抢滩中国的各种规划。我国西部要抓住国际风险投资理念、投资方向调整和对华投资信心高涨的机遇 ,多争取一些投资注入旅游业。     

预防流动人口犯罪保障西部大开发顺利进行

“西部大开发”必将带来人口的大流动,而流动人口的犯罪问题,又会影响社会稳定,阻碍西部地区的开发进程。因此,应加紧制定全国性的流动人口管理法规;在流动人口流入流出重点省市建立针对流动人口的广播电台;建立暂住人口信息化管理系统;加强服务,提高管理水平。     

Narratives of the Dispossessed and Casteless: Politics of Land and Caste in Rajarhat,West Bengal

ABSTRACT

This article examines the political narratives around a two-decade -old process of land acquisition and development in the “global city” Rajarhat, a former rural settlement in the Indian state of West Bengal. These narratives are built against the backdrop of a neoliberal state acting as a corporate facilitator, particularly in matters of land, and the concomitant dispossession. The multifaceted politics of Rajarhat took shape during the erstwhile communist regime in West Bengal, the dichotomy of a self-identified Left state engaged in forceful and violent land acquisition thus forming an interesting paradox. The article also presents evidence against the long -held political myth of caste relations being irrelevant in Bengali politics, by examining the upper-caste -dominated social relations in Rajarhat and the formation of low-level cartels or “syndicates” in the area . In conclusion, the article points to the reinvention and redeployment of caste relations – even in increasingly urban spaces where “hierarchical” caste practices are usually taken to be on the decline – rooted in the duality between land struggles and development.     

西部政府与西部招商引资法治环境

西部大开发是在社会主义市场经济和对外开放这个特定的环境下进行的;为西部招商引资营造一个良好的体制、政策、市场环境是西部政府的职能责任;制约西部招商引资工作的主要因素是行政管理体制改革、政府职能转变进展不大,硬环境没有得到较快发展,软环境明显滞后;要营造西部招商引资良好的法治环境,西部政府必须依法行政、全方位推行执法责任制,提高行政执法水平,建立一个法制统一、公开透明、行为规范的政府机构。