固本清毒汤治疗宫颈高危型人乳头瘤病毒感染临床观察

目的 观察固本清毒汤治疗宫颈高危型人乳头瘤病毒(human papillomavirus,HPV)感染的疗效.方法 将60例宫颈高危型HPV感染患者随机分成治疗组和对照组,每组30例.治疗组予以干扰素片阴道纳药联合固本清毒汤内服,对照组仅予以干扰素片阴道纳药.观察两组患者治疗前后湿热瘀毒证积分变化,检测血清白细胞介素-...     

柴胡疏肝散加减联合手术治疗肝胆管结石35例临床观察

目的 探讨疏肝法联合手术治疗肝胆管结石的临床疗效。方法 将67例胆总管结石患者随机分为对照组（32例）和观察组（35例）,对照组患者行腹腔镜胆总管探查术治疗,观察组患者在对照组治疗的基础上术后口服加减柴胡疏肝散。干预1周后,观察两组患者机体功能恢复情况和炎症指标、肝功能水平,随访12个月后观察结石复发率。结果 与对照组比较,观察组患者肛门排气时间、进食时间、术后住院时间均明显缩短（P＜0.05）;与治疗前比较,两组患者术后7 d血清超敏C-反应蛋白（high-sensitive C-reaction protein, hs-CRP）、丙氨酸氨基转移酶（alanine aminotransferase,ALT）、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶（aspartate aminotransferase,AST）、谷氨酰基转移酶（gamma glutamyltransferase,GGT）、碱性磷酸酶（alkaline phosphatase,ALP）水平均明显降低（P＜0.05）,观察组患者血清hs-CRP、AST、GGT降低程度显著大于对照组（P＜0.05）;观察组结石复发率显著低于对照组（χ2=6.118,P=0.013）。结论 术后应用疏肝中药能够促进机体胃肠功能恢复,缩短住院时间,降低炎症指标,改善肝功能及降低结石再生和复发率。     

中国在东南亚的国家角色构建及面临的角色冲突

根据角色理论,一国国家角色的构建需要在当前国际体系的背景下,通过内部定位与外部预期的互动才能得以实现。在互动的过程中,定位与预期往往会出现偏差,从而导致角色冲突的出现。角色冲突是国家角色构建过程中不可避免的现象,而中国在东南亚的国家角色构建正面临着不同程度的角色冲突,这些冲突不仅为中国推进周边外交带来挑战,也为与东盟国家共建“一带一路”和“命运共同体”带来一些阻碍。鉴于引发角色冲突的原因不仅涉及中国自身角色定位与东盟国家的传统认知思维,还受到来自域外守成国的影响,因此缓解角色冲突需构建一套完善自身角色、照顾他者情绪且能应对“不怀好意”冲击的“组合拳”。     

民族高等教育发展与西部开发

民族高等教育作为我国高等教育的重要组成部分,面临严峻的现实问题。西部开发战略的实施,又给民族高等教育带来了良好的发展机遇。民族高等教育为促进西部开发战略,必须坚持科学发展观,坚持多元化发展模式,坚持现代化与民族化相结合。     

论国际河流后开发国家的权利与义务

国际河流后开发国家特殊的地理位置使其对国际河流的开发会对先开发国家的既得利益产生重要影响.国家对位于其领土内的国际水资源享有主权是后开发国家对国际河流享有开发利用权最主要的法理基础,“先占主义”理论在国际实践中鲜获支持,国际仲裁、判例进一步确认了后开发国家开发利用国际水资源的权利和义务.故国际河流后开发国家享有开发利用国际河流的权利,同时也应承担相应的国际责任和义务.我国作为大部分国际河流的后开发国家也应受到启示,以实现国际水资源的可持续利用.     

东南亚旅华市场:九十年代回顾与未来对策

在中国海外旅游客源市场中，外国游客的比重和地位都在不断提高，而进入九十年代后一体化进程不断深入的东南亚旅华客源市场在外国旅华客源市场中一直处于第一层次的重要地位。东南亚旅华客源市场还存在着巨大的潜力，应该给予足够的重视。然而对这一市场的研究开发等还存在着许多问题。我们建议，加强东南亚旅华市场调查和研究，进一步开发和完善旅游产品与相关设施，提高促销的效果，组建针对性的市场因应机制，努力形成中国与东南亚旅游的双向良性互动。     

Stewardship and health systems strengthening: An overview

The World Health Organization (WHO) introduced the concept of stewardship to clarify the practical components of governance in the health sector. For the WHO, stewardship concentrated on how government actors take responsibility for the health system and the wellbeing of the population, fulfill health system functions, assure equity, and coordinate interaction with government and society. This article overviews the contents of this special issue, which offers examples of how health stewards in a variety of countries have addressed issues of health security, primary care expansion, family planning, and quality of care. The contributors' articles draw lessons for policy, programs, and management useful for practitioners and scholars. Our overview identifies several themes emerging from the articles: the foundational role of legal frameworks for effective stewardship, the importance of institutional arrangements as enablers, the influence of regional and global entities on national stewardship, the connection between credible decision‐making structures and stewardship, and pathways to sustainable financing and domestic resource mobilization. The discussion concludes with highlighting several gaps in knowledge and practice related to health stewardship.     

Crucial Factors in Implementing Radical Policy Change: A Comparative Longitudinal Study of Nordic Central Agency Relocation Programs

Abstract

Why do public policies succeed or fail? The aim of this article is to contribute to answering this enduring research question in policy research through a comparative study of the variable efforts by Nordic governments to relocate their central agencies from the capital regions over a period of several decades. This was a radical redistributive policy program premised on a policy instrument – coercion – which was very alien to political systems characterized as consensual democracies. Hence, it is no surprise that only two out of seven relocation programs of any substance were successful. The really intriguing research question here is how any relocation program was achievable at all in a policy context where this was very unlikely. A broadly based multi-theoretical analytical framework linking interest groups, institutions, human agency in the form of policy entrepreneurship/design and situational factors is employed to solve this research puzzle. Findings from this study offer important contributions to the following research fields: comparative public policy, radical policy change and most specifically the so-called third generation of public policy implementation research.     

Revisiting the Paris Declaration Agenda – an inclusive,realistic orientation for aid effectiveness

The progress in endeavours to achieve the commitments of the Paris Declaration on Aid Effectiveness has been slow. This paper explains the challenges faced by the aid effectiveness agenda and discusses why and how it needs to be revisited. In order to elucidate the differences in donors' approaches to aid effectiveness, a comparison is made between the UK and Japan, which leads to two suggestions. The main messages are that it is important to be inclusive of different donors, and to link the policy dialogue with reality on the ground.

Remanier l'ordre de jour de la Déclaration de Paris – une orientation inclusive et réaliste pour l'efficacité de l'aide

Le progrès des initiatives visant à atteindre les engagements de la Déclaration de Paris sur l'efficacité de l'aide a été lent. Ce document explique les défis auxquels se heurte l'ordre du jour de l'efficacité de l'aide et traite des raisons et des manières de le remanier. Afin de clarifier les différences d'approche de la part des bailleurs de fonds en matière d'efficacité de l'aide, une comparaison est faite entre le Royaume-Uni et le Japon qui aboutit à deux suggestions. Les principaux messages sont qu'il est important d'inclure différents bailleurs de fonds et de relier le dialogue au niveau des politiques générales avec la réalité sur le terrain.

Reexaminando a Agenda da Declaração de Paris – uma Orientação Inclusiva e Realista para a Efetividade da Ajuda

O avanço dos esforços para se chegar nos compromissos da Declaração de Paris sobre a Efetividade da Ajuda tem sido lento. Este artigo explica os desafios enfrentados pela agenda da efetividade da ajuda e discute por que e como isto precisa ser reexaminado. Para elucidar as diferenças nas abordagens dos doadores em relação é efetividade da ajuda, uma comparação é feita entre o Reino Unido e Japão, que leva a duas sugestões. As principais mensagens são que é importante ser inclusivo para atrair diferentes doadores e fazer a ligação entre o di´logo da polÚtica e a realidade na base.

Analizando de nuevo la Agenda de la Declaración de París – Una orientación incluyente y realista para la eficacia de la ayuda

Los avances en el cumplimiento de los compromisos asumidos en la Declaración de París sobre la Eficacia de la Ayuda han sido lentos. Este ensayo expone los retos que surgen de los compromisos relacionados con la eficacia de la ayuda y porqué y cómo deben replantearse. A fin de aclarar las diferencias que existen entre los donantes sobre la eficacia de la ayuda, el ensayo compara los casos de Reino Unido y Japón dando pie a dos sugerencias. Éstas tienen que ver con la importancia de incluir a distintos donantes y de vincular los diálogos sobre políticas con la realidad existente.     

论其他承担行政任务的组织

在现代西方国家,在传统的行政机关之外存在其他承担行政任务的组织,如公法人或公共机构甚至私法组织。在中国,有一些非行政机关或行政机构的事业单位和社会团体,由法律、法规授权或由行政机关委托,也承担一定的管理职能。对行政机关以外的其他承担行政任务的组织进行比较和分析,具有重要意义。