后危机时期电子商务国际协调与中国对策

电子商务快速发展带来许多全球化问题,这些问题不能在一国内得到解决,需要各国的协调一致行动。现有的官方和非官方组织在电子商务的多个领域展开协调,有效防止数字鸿沟的继续扩大,为电子商务创造了良好的发展环境,保证了交易数据安全,在消费者保护方面也取得积极效果。中国电子商务起步较晚,应采取积极措施顺应电子商务的全球发展趋势,为后危机时代中国电子商务的发展创造良好的制度环境。     

At the Movies: A Continuing Dialogue on the Challenges of Teaching with Film

As part of ISP's ongoing effort to provide a scholarly venue for the exchange of ideas on a variety of topics, this issue's ISP Forum presents one set of reactions to the February 2001 article by Lynn Kuzma and Patrick Haney titled "And Action . . . ! Using Film to Learn About Foreign Policy" (February 2001:33-50). Vincent Pollard's comments represent what we hope will be the first in a series of comments on teaching international studies with film. Profs. Kuzma and Haney in their rejoinder urge for an ongoing discussion of the topic, as they see the use of film growing in the field. More broadly, the Editors of ISP invite readers to submit their own comments and reactions on this and other pieces that appear within the pages of ISP. Please note that all submissions undergo a peer review process.     

收入差距拉大:构建和谐社会的阻梗

改革开放实行的差异性发展政策,形成了部分地区、部分企业和部分人的率先发展,而政策调整的滞后,使得经济发展水平的差异硬化为明显的社会差异,随着经济的进一步发展,富者愈富、穷者更穷,社会的分化和差距越来越大,收入分配差距目前已经达到可以容忍的上限。改革发展的成果不能惠及到社会的各个方面,弱势群体的心理失衡和行为失范以及由此可能导致的社会动荡,可能成为我们构建和谐社会的阻梗,疏通这一阻梗应当成为我们建设和谐社会的重要任务。     

Political learning during the 2000 U.S. presidential election: The impact of the campaign on the gender gap in political knowledge

We examine how political campaigns influence individuals’ levels of correct, incorrect, and don’t know responses and the gender gap in political knowledge during the 2000 American presidential campaign. Using data from the 2000 National Annenberg Election Survey (NAES), we demonstrate that as the campaign progresses the electorate provides more correct answers and fewer incorrect answers. Moreover, the political campaign significantly reduces (and possibly eliminates) the direct effect of sex on political knowledge. While the political campaign decreases the number of incorrect answers provided by both men and women, the number of correct answers provided by women increases. Our findings highlight the importance of the political campaign in determining relative levels of political knowledge for men and women.     

陕西城乡居民收入差距实证研究

改革开放30年特别是进入21世纪以来,伴随着陕西城乡居民收入的不断提高,全省城乡居民的收入差距也在进一步扩大。陕西城乡居民收入差距的比值不但高出全国平均差距,而且高出全国绝大多数省市(区)。陕西城乡居民收入差距拉大,不是城镇居民收入过高,而是农民收入太低。缩小城乡居民收入差距的根本途径在于转变农业发展方式,不断提高农民的收入水平。     

我国城乡差别日益扩大的经济与政策根源

我国的社会经济结构是典型的城乡“二元经济结构”,“城乡差别”的“陡峭”程度远远超出人们的心理预期。农业的弱质低效产业特性是产生“城乡差别”的经济根源,“三把剪刀一条鸿沟”是“城乡差别”扩大的政策性根源。只有正视“城乡差别”的“陡峭”程度,并探求其根源,才能激发全社会对于统筹城乡发展的紧迫感。     

信息差距:中国现代化进程中的挑战与机遇

迅速发展的科学技术 ,成为创造财富新的重要动力。日益拉大的信息差距表明 ,发达国家与发展中国家在科技水平上存在极大落差 ,这必然致使南北贫富差距进一步拉大。在信息大环境上 ,中国与发达国家的差距还在继续拉大。因此 ,从国家的角度和产业发展的角度看 ,树立危机意识和迎接挑战是最关键的问题     

The ‘New Right' Vote: An Analysis of the Gender Gap in the Vote Choice for the SVP

Studying the Swiss national elections 2003, we find a pronounced gender gap in the SVP vote ‐ women are significantly less likely to vote for this party than are men. In order to explain this gender gap, this article combines two innovative approaches. On the one hand, it links the literature on gender gaps with research on the New Right. On the other, it makes a distinction between the conditional and compositional effects of explanatory factors. Our analysis reveals that conditional effects are of greater relevance than compositional ones. Explanatory factors regularly applied in research on the New Right have a conditional effect inasmuch as they only have an effect on male voters, but cannot explain the behaviour of women. This, in turn, also highlights the importance of a gender‐specific focus for further research.     

试析当前我国居民的收入差距

目前我国居民收入差距过大,基尼系数已达到0.45以上,超过国际警戒线水平,并开始伴有"两极化"特征.城乡之间、地区之间、行业之间的收入差距过大是其主要表现.由权力资本、城乡分割、地方垄断、行业垄断以及"灰色收入"所造成的机会不平等,是导致居民收入差距过大的基本原因.当前应采取有力措施解决收入差距过大问题.     

城乡发展差距的人力资本解释

人力资本在城市和农村具有不同的溢出效应,农村人力资本具有强烈的外溢性特征,而城市人力资本则具有强烈的内溢性特征。长期以来,农村人力资本对城市经济发展形成了强有力的支持,而城市人力资本则形不成对农村的支持。建国以来城乡之间在人力资本投入及形成后的人力资本作用的发挥上,都存在着城市对农村的“剥夺”,而且这种剥夺远远超过了人们常常提到的以往和正在进行的对农民利益的三次“剥夺”。我们认为,政府在着手解决农村、农业和农民问题时,应该从根本上即从人力资本投资及完善农村人力资本运行环境上入手,使农村人力资本能够对农村经济发展发挥很好的作用,并在一定程度上吸引城市人力资本,只有这样才能真正缩小城乡收入差距。