转变观念 务实创新 践行社会治理新举措——永城市社会治安管理创新调研报告

河南省永城市积极探索社会治安管理创新的新举措:持续高度重视公安信息化建设与应用;深入推进"五小活动",走基层,联系群众;树立"以民意为导向"的工作理念,充分认识信访维稳工作新形势。永城市社会治安管理创新的对策建议包括:进一步推进全市高危人群的信息采集与管理工作;着力加强多发性侵财犯罪的防范与控制;密切关注新形势下农村宗教的发展动态。     

民国时期天津社会救助立法之救助措施述论

民国时期天津社会救助立法中的救助措施,借鉴西方先进法制成果,逐步趋向制度化、体系化,同时受其特有的地缘文化影响,表现出独特的商业文化色彩。虽然这些救助措施受历史条件所限还存在一些问题,但已建构起日后天津社会救助的基本模式。     

社会转型期犯罪的特点、趋势和预防对策

在中国社会转型不断深化的进程中,未成年人犯罪、老年人犯罪、单位犯罪的问题日益复杂,流动性、跨地域性犯罪和有组织团伙犯罪增多,犯罪手段更加高科技化、网络化;暴力犯罪、经济犯罪、毒品犯罪、网络犯罪、职务犯罪等又呈现出各自的发展趋势。惩治和预防犯罪应当从防范和化解社会矛盾入手,同时必须标本兼治、综合治理、惩防并举、注重预防。     

The unfinished village police unit: a contested local development initiative

Community self-help has been the principal strategy for creating social infrastructure in rural Malawi since independence. One rural community in Balaka district, southern Malawi, embarked on a project to construct a police unit as a response to rising incidents of crime. Begun in 1999, the project remains unfinished. There seems to be no interest in completing the work. This paper finds the explanation in the manner the project was initiated and how the village community was involved in its execution.     

Do referendum results change norm perceptions and personal opinions?

Referendums are often seen as a means to legitimize the outcome as the new norm and increase acceptance of the outcome. Do referendums actually have these effects? More precisely, do voters recognize the referendum result as the new norm? And do voters go as far as to change their own minds in accord with the referendum result? We explore these questions using a panel survey that we conducted in Ireland before and after the abortion referendum that was held on May 25, 2018. We find that, after the referendum, voters updated their norm perceptions in the direction of the referendum result. However, we find inconsistent evidence that the referendum convinced voters to change their personal opinions about abortion. The findings provide insights on the power and the limit of referendums in increasing policy agreement among voters.     

Policy or person? What voters want from their representatives on Twitter

Social media have the potential to transform democracies as they allow for direct contact between representatives and represented. Politicians can use social media to show their policy positions but they can also give insight into their private lives. Based on survey experiments in Germany and Switzerland we show that social media messages about politicians’ private lives rather deter voters. Instead, we find that voters prefer candidates that communicate policy positions. The effect of a policy-oriented communication style on Twitter can even lead to appreciating a politician from a different party in Switzerland, which has an electoral system that gives a strong incentive to cultivate a personal vote.     

Data protection legislation: What is at stake for our society and democracy?

The author starts by questioning the main privacy challenges raised by our present and future information society viewed as a “global village”. Apart from a comparison with the traditional village of our parents, he identifies the two complementary and not dissociable facets of our privacy: the right to seclusion and the right to participate fully in our society. According to the first German Constitutional Court recognizing the right to informational self-determination as a new constitutional right, he underlines the need to analyse the data protection as a tool for ensuring both the citizens' dignity and our democracy.     

The Laffer effects of a program of deregulation cum detaxation: the Italian reform of labour contracts in the period 1997–2001

We examine the Laffer effects of the policy of social security tax reduction cum partial deregulation of labour market undertaken in Italy in the period 1997–2001. Laffer effects of tax cut are generally delayed and governments responsible of the reform cannot benefit from the resulting increased revenues when in office. Our empirical findings show that tax cuts combined with policies of liberalization determine almost immediate Laffer effects. In terms of coherent supply-side political programs, the effects of the two measures are not separable. Reflection on our results may broaden the scope of the supply-side policies of deregulation and detaxation.

试论我国非营利组织在应对突发事件中的优势与作用

目前我国正处于突发事件的高发期,而处于社会转型和尚不完善的市场体制下的政府,缺乏足够的资源和能力来独立地应对各种突发的公共事件。非营利组织在应对突发事件中具有超强的资源动员优势、效率优势、专业性优势、维护社会公平的优势。我国的非营利组织在突发事件应对中发挥着开展防灾教育、接受社会捐赠、动员志愿人员、参与现场救援和灾后重建活动的作用。因此,应将非营利组织纳入我国的突发事件应对体系中。     

对我国社会转型期群体性突发事件之研究

社会转型期群体性突发事件是近年来我国社会风险中的一个突出因素,也是亟待研究和解决的重大社会问题。群体性事件的出现是转型期社会冲突的集中表现,包括公安机关在内的各级政府部门应依据其特点和性质,采取有效措施,积极应对,妥善处置。