文化全球化与中国文化的新发展

经济全球化推动了文化全球化,文化全球化分别在物质、理论制度和心理三个层面体现。在文化全球化这一时代背景下中国该如何进行先进文化建设?物质层面上,对外来文化要采取拿来主义态度,去粗取精;理论、制度层面上要积极借鉴西方国家的优秀成果,体现世界性,提升民族性;心理层面要继承发扬优秀的传统文化,“古为今用”,处理好继承与创新的关系。     

Conflict resolution: benchmarking water utility performance

The water sector has economic and symbolic importance for citizens in developing countries. Water utility benchmarking is no panacea for improving water sector performance. Nevertheless, it can contribute to addressing four sources of conflict in the design and implementation of policies: cognitive conflicts (based on technical disagreements regarding how data might be analysed and interpreted), interest conflicts (where suppliers and demanders obtain different benefits and costs under alternative policies), values conflicts (involving ideology or personal preferences regarding water sector outcomes) and authority conflicts (stemming from jurisdictional disagreements over who has the last word). These potential sources of conflict characterise most politically‐charged situations, including water supply management. This article examines the extent to which water utility benchmarking facilitates conflict resolution. Without information on historical trends, current baselines and realistic targets, conflicts over reforms to improve sector performance can weaken systems that are already fragile, particularly those in developing countries. This article attempts to improve our understanding of the links between sources of conflict, government approaches for dealing with conflict and the role of water utility benchmarking as a complementary strategy for addressing policy issues. Benchmarking is one way regulators and managers can promote conflict resolution that allows participants to focus on performance. The principles apply to all sectors with significant state oversight. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

建设和谐文化中编辑认知能力的思考

编辑对于建设和谐文化在构建和谐社会中的认知①是编辑文化应对时事的应有之意。建设和谐文化中,弘扬民族精神是编辑对中国传统文化最基本的认知所求;体现时代精神是编辑认知能力的核心要求;深刻认识建设和谐文化与构建和谐社会的关系是编辑认知能力的哲学思维;认识和明辨先进文化是编辑文化创新能力形成的基础;坚持社会主义核心价值体系是建设和谐文化的根本。     

党的先进性理论的发展轨迹探究

高度重视党的先进性建设是马克思主义政党一贯的态度和立场,从革命导师马克思、列宁、毛泽东到改革开放和现代化建设的总设计师邓小平,到承上启下的党的第三代领导集体的核心江泽民,再到以胡锦涛同志为总书记的新一届中央领导集体,都对党的先进性和先进性建设问题做了大量的论述和工作,从而使党的先进性理论逐步地发展和完善起来,并形成了党的先进性建设的比较科学完整的体系。为了推动今天党的先进性建设问题,我们有必要系统地对无产阶级政党的先进性理论进行探究和梳理,掌握其精神实质,了解其发展演变,以便为今天的保持党的先进性和开展保持党员先进性教育提供强有力的理论支持和方法论支持。     

保持党的先进性必须提高党的依法执政能力

党的十六届四中全会明确提出要增强党的依法执政能力。作为党的执政能力建设的一个重要组成部分,依法执政能力建设是保持党的先进性不可或缺的部分。必须从改革和完善党的领导方式和执政方式、强化现代法治理念、抓好制度建设、增强依法办事的自觉性四个方面提升党的依法执政能力,使党的先进性得以充分体现。     

Capital Gains and Spatial Inequalities: Developing Fairer Suburbs

One of the longest‐running debates in urban development, enshrined within the evolution of the British planning system, is how best to capture the increased value of land arising from development. This article outlines the historic and contemporary context before proposing an approach towards ‘land value capture’, based on practice in continental Europe but adapted to Britain's specific circumstances. In doing so, it also sets out why new approaches are needed as part of the search for better ways of funding local infrastructure, developing mixed communities and improving Britain's suburbs for the benefit of all.     

From AKP’s ‘Conservative Democracy’ to ‘Advanced Democracy’: Shifts and Challenges in the Debate on ‘Europe’

Abstract

Following the AKP’s victory in the 2002 general elections, ‘conservative democracy’ has emerged as a trademark in Turkish politics, focusing on cosmopolitanism and European integration. In the late 2000s, the party’s favourite notion was ‘advanced democracy’, this time underlining Turkey’s leadership claim in the region and displaying a more critical approach to ‘Europe’. In this paper, I aim to show how different narratives on ‘Europe’ emerged within the context of these empty signifiers. The paper claims that the difference in the two narratives on ‘Europe’ in two different periods does not point to a complete and fully fledged de-Europeanisation trend.     

Connecting to regional markets? Transport,logistics services and international transit challenges for Central Asian food-processing firms

Central Asian food processors face a number of constraints when they attempt to export to the region and beyond. The Central Asian economies in focus here are landlocked, and thus lack easy access to sea transport. In addition, the region's transport network was built to reinforce the interdependence of the then Soviet republics, while conflicting economic interests make cross-border cooperation difficult. Based on extensive fieldwork on infrastructure systems and firm export strategies, this paper identifies contemporary infrastructure and transportation issues within the Central Asian region, and makes a novel attempt to examine how these factors lead to challenges for local food processing producers trying to sell their products in the region and beyond.     

Contracting with Whom? The Differential Effects of Investment Treaties on FDI

Under what conditions can governments use international commitments such as Bilateral Investment Treaties (BITs) to attract foreign direct investment (FDI)? Although numerous studies have attempted to answer this question, none considers how investment treaties may have heterogeneous affects across industry. I argue BIT effect is strongest when the obsolescing bargaining problem between firms and governments is most protracted, namely, when FDI relies on strong contracts between firms and states. Using a time series cross-sectional data set of 114 developing countries from 1985 to 2011, I find BITs are associated with increases in infrastructure investment, an industry particularly reliant on the sanctity of government contracts, but not with total FDI inflows. Moreover, BITs with strong arbitration provisions display the strongest statistical effect on infrastructure investment, while BITs that do not provide investors with such protections are not associated with increased investment. My results have implications for both scholarship on the relationship between governments and multinational firms as well as for the study of international institutions more broadly. To properly ascertain the effects of international treaties and institutions, scholars should consider not just whether institutions constrain or inform—or matter at all—but also the extent to which the targets of institutions have heterogeneous responses to them.     

Administrative burden in digital public service delivery: The social infrastructure of library programs for e-inclusion

In their efforts to digitize public service delivery, countries increasingly use algorithms based on mathematical models, data and/or a combination of different administrative datasets to issue decisions, but recent studies point towards challenges around citizens' understanding, accessing, and filing objections to such automated decisions. This paper focuses on the social infrastructure supporting citizens that struggle with accessing such services. To address this, we ask: How does the social infrastructure affect administrative burdens associated with digital government services? This is studied in the Dutch context through expert interviews and observations of support programs in libraries. We find that although libraries as primary sites for these services may pose the disadvantage of being more difficult to reach for low-literate citizens, advantages are their organizational structure at the local level as well as their currently changing role to include a growing range of services, including (digital) skills courses.