血管软化丸调控miR-17-5p与PCSK9/VLDLR信号通路抗动脉粥样硬化研究

目的 观察血管软化丸对miR-17-5p及其下游前蛋白转化酶枯草溶菌素（proprotein convertase subtillisin/kexin type 9,PCSK9）/极低密度脂蛋白受体（very low density lipoprotein receptor,VLDLR）信号通路的调控作用,揭示血管软化丸抗动脉粥样硬化（atherosclerosis,AS）的作用机制。方法 细胞实验：通过加入氧化型低密度脂蛋白构建血管平滑肌细胞损伤模型。根据不同干预方法将细胞分为4组：模型组、miR-17-5p抑制剂组、血管软化丸高剂量含药血清组和低剂量含药血清组;干预后检测各组细胞活性以及细胞miR-17-5p、VLDLR和PCSK9 mRNA和蛋白表达水平。动物实验：根据不同干预方法将小鼠分为模型组、miR-17-5p抑制剂组、血管软化丸高剂量组和低剂量组;干预8周后检测小鼠外周血清中白细胞介素-6 （interleukin-6,IL-6）、白细胞介素-10（interleukin-10,IL-10）、肿瘤坏死因子-α（tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α）水平和小鼠主动脉miR-17-5p、VLDLR和PCSK9表达水平,并观察各组小鼠病理学改变情况。结果 细胞实验：与模型组比较,miR-17-5p抑制剂组,血管软化丸高、低剂量含药血清组血管平滑肌细胞活性均明显升高（P<0.05）,血管平滑肌细胞的miR-17-5p和VLDLR mRNA和蛋白表达水平均明显升高（P<0.05）,血管平滑肌细胞的PCSK9 mRNA和蛋白表达水平均明显降低（P<0.05）。动物实验：与模型组比较,miR-17-5p抑制剂组和血管软化丸高、低剂量组外周血清中IL-6、TNF-α水平均明显降低（P<0.05）,血清中IL-10水平均明显升高（P<0.05）,主动脉miR-17-5p和VLDLR mRNA水平均明显降低（P<0.05）,PCSK9 mRNA表达水平均明显升高（P<0.05）;病理学观察发现模型组小鼠主动脉管径厚薄不均匀,内膜不光滑,管腔内可见明显AS斑块形成,斑块内可见浅染无定形物和钙化颗粒物,部分AS斑块截面积大于主动脉截面积。miR-17-5p抑制剂组和血管软化丸高、低剂量组AS病变程度明显较模型组减轻。     

艾灸督脉组穴对血管性痴呆大鼠海马p38 MAPK信号通路及细胞凋亡的影响

目的 基于p38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(mitogen-activated protein kinase, MAPK)通路探究艾灸督脉组穴对血管性痴呆(vascular dementia, VD)大鼠的脑保护机制。方法 将60只SPF级健康雄性SD大鼠随机分为假手术组(12只)和实验组(48只);实验组大鼠采用双侧颈总动脉永久结扎法复制VD大鼠模型,随后将模型复制成功的大鼠分为模型组、艾灸组、阻滞剂组、艾灸+阻滞剂组,每组12只;艾灸组大鼠取“百会”“大椎”“风府”穴,采用温和灸法治疗,每次30 min,每日1次,治疗6 d,休息1 d,连续治疗4周;阻滞剂组在模型复制前30 min腹腔注射p38 MAPK阻滞剂(10μmol/L SB203580),模型复制成功后隔日注射1次,每次每只大鼠按1 mL/kg注射10μmol/L SB203580,连续注射4周;艾灸+阻滞剂组大鼠在阻滞剂组干预方法基础上进行艾灸治疗。采用Morris水迷宫实验检测大鼠认知功能,TUNEL法检测大鼠海马组织CA1区神经元凋亡率,Western blot法和RT-qPCR法分别检测大鼠海马组织CA1区p38 MA...     

领导发展：理论溯源与途径探析

发展是社会永恒不变的主题,领导理论与实践的发展是建设政治文明的重要组成部分。从领导发展的理论溯源、理论架构、内容、途径以及可持续发展等方面进行具体分析与研究,对领导科学的完善以及领导管理科学化具有重要的意义。     

p33.4位点扩增片段长度多态性及其法医学应用的研究

以聚合酶链反应（PCR）、聚丙烯酰胺凝胶垂直电泳和银染法对中国100名无关个体小卫星区域p33．4位点的扩增片段长度多态性（Amp－FLPs）进行了研究，检出了8个等位基因。通过BIOTRAC系统进行数据处理．各等位基因重复单位的数目分别为7、10到15，其中在13～14之间发现一差值不足一个重复单位长度的罕见等位基因。片段长度分布于603～1115bP之间，基因频率分布于0.5～33．5％间，杂合度为64％，DP值为84．5％。对5个家庭25名相关个体进行分析，符合孟德尔遗传定律；对同一个体不同组织的DNA进行P33.4位点的分型研究表明，该技术适宜于法医物证检验。此外，本研究以Chelex处理不同检材制备DNA模板用于扩增，率先建立了比常规方法更快、更简便、更为实用的检验方法。     

美国行政改革的价值取向及其启示

市场化、放松规制、分权化是美国行政改革实践中的三种基本价值取向。尽管中美两国行政改革属于现代化不同阶段上的改革,因而两者在改革的具体政策的选择上具有很大的不可通约性,但它仍能给我们一些有益的启示。     

Analyzing Territorial and Sectorial Dimensions of Public–Private Partnerships in Science,Technology, and Innovation policies

The performance of innovation systems depends, to a great extent, on the degree of public–private collaboration they involve. Thus, innovation policies often aim to enhance this collaboration through public–private partnerships. These partnerships are a multidimensional phenomenon whose success depends on factors related to each of their dimensions. This paper proposes the use of an analytical model that reflects the multidimensional nature of public–private partnerships and analyses to what extent they are applied in a specific innovation system in order to identify the territorial and sectorial factors that act as barriers or drivers to use them. This model aims to help policy makers design appropriate public–private partnerships in each context. The case under review is the Spanish innovation system, given that this system has been suffering from a structural lack of collaboration for several decades, despite the implementation of policies aimed to foster this. Thus, if the model works, it should be able to identify key factors that influence greater or more restricted use of the different PPP formulas.     

Development of Rapid and Economical Colorimetric Screening Method for p‐Phenylenediamine in Variety of Biological Matrices and its Application to Eleven Fatal Cases of p‐Phenylenediamine Poisoning

A rapid colorimetric method for detection of p‐phenylenediamine (PPD) in various biological samples is developed. The o‐cresol test for acetaminophen detection has been modified to detect PPD in blood, urine, gastric contents, and liver. After precipitating protein with trichloroacetic acid solution (2 mL, 10% w/v), biological specimens were required to convert PPD metabolites to PPD by acid hydrolysis. Finally, o‐cresol solution (1 mL, 1% w/v), hydrogen peroxide (200 μL, 3%v/v), and concentrated ammonium hydroxide (0.5 mL) were added in the biological samples. The presence of PPD was indicated by formation of violet color which was turned to bluish green color within 10–15 min. The limit of detection was found to be 2 mg/L in blood, urine, and gastric contents and 2 mg/Kg in liver. This method is also free from any potential interference by p‐aminophenol, acetaminophen, and other amine drugs under test conditions. This method was successfully employed to thirteen fatal cases of PPD poisoning.     

鸡马立克氏病肾肿瘤p15基因的甲基化特异性PCR检测

选取300只1日龄公鸡,人工复制鸡马立克氏病(MD)模型,随机分为对照组和MD组,分别于35日龄、40日龄、45日龄采取鸡肾,观察病理组织学变化,通过甲基化特异性PCR方法,检测了MD病鸡肾肿瘤发生和发展过程中p15基因甲基化的变化,以探讨p15基因甲基化与肾肿瘤发生、发展的关系。结果显示,MD组鸡的临床表现以及肾组织的病理变化符合MD的特征,说明人工复制MD模型成功。在正常鸡肾组织中没有发生p15甲基化,在MD病鸡肾组织中p15甲基化的发生率高达61.7%,与正常对照组差异极显著(P0.01),并呈时间效应。证实,p15基因甲基化与MD的发生、发展密切相关。     

Comparison of p30 and acid phosphatase levels in post-coital vaginal swabs from donor and casework studies

The application of p30 detection to casework analysis of seminal traces on vaginal swabs is reported and compared with the levels of acid phosphatase determined.A simple crossed-over immunoelectrophoresis system was used for batch identification of swab extracts using a commercially obtained anti-p30 serum.Positive p30 results were obtained in less than 20% of the casework swab extracts, but they provide conclusive proof of the presence of semen which is a substantial advantage over the quantitative determination of acid phosphatase.     

学会经营:发展公安院校的新理念

学会经营应是我国公安院校发展的新理念,对此,我们应当树立成本意识,优化公安院校布局,提高公安教育办学效益;经营多元化,在搞好公安类教育的基础上,兼办非公安类教育;多方融资,建立有利于公安教育产业健康发展的资金筹措机制;建立激励机制,在内部管理上激发活力,提高效率;树立品牌意识,做好做精“特色教育”;要有大市场意识,把培养的人才推荐到全国去。