p38MAPK信号转导通路与组织损伤

丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(mitogen-activated protein kinase,MAPK)是广泛表达的丝氨酸/酪氨酸激酶,在哺乳动物细胞多种信号转导通路中起重要作用。MAPK有4个主要亚族:ERK、p38MAPK、JNK和ERK5。p38信号通路是MAPK通路的一重要分支,它在炎症、细胞应激、凋亡、细胞周期和生长等多种生理和病理过程中起重要作用。本文就p38MAPK的分型、分布、信号通路的组成及其在法医损伤学领域中的应用现状做一综述,旨在进一步对组织损伤程度和伤后时间推断的法医病理学研究提供参考资料。     

To P or not to P? The Usefulness of P‐values in Quantitative Political Science Research

This contribution gives a short overview over the mechanics of significance testing in inferential statistics, in particular linear models, and tries to put the discussion about the usefulness of p‐values into a broader perspective of scientific practise. This discussion needs to be embedded into the larger debate about the credibility crises faced by empirical social science research. In particular, it seems of utmost importance to discuss what the profession as a whole, journals, publishers, as well as editors can do to encourage better research practise that generates reliable and useful empirical findings.     

山羊痘病毒感染绵羊的诊断及其p32基因的分子分析

采用细胞培养方法从发生羊痘的绵羊肺组织中分离到1株山羊痘病毒GPV/GSgulang/09,对分离株的p32基因进行了PCR-RFLP和序列比对分析.结果显示,GPV/GSgulang/09株p32基因的扩增产物被Hinf I酶切后出现山羊痘病毒(GPV)特征性的2条带;p32基因序列第166～168位缺失绵羊痘病毒(...     

Judges and CEOs: French Aspects of Corporate Governance

The debate about corporate governance has brought to the front stage the notion of social interest or interest of the company itself as distinct of its stakeholders. French Law, judges, and CEOs use this notion with different meanings and intentions. The judges refer to it mainly to guarantee the continuity of the firm, especially when the latter faces economic difficulties; the CEOs refer to it to keep a free hand in managing the company. Shareholders see the notion as ambiguous and mostly used against their own interest. Shareholders and company interest do not merge. They differ on the industrial relations policy they induce and in the management freedom bestowed on CEOs. A reform of French Company Law currently under discussion seeks conciliation while trying to comply with the principles of corporate governance best practices.     

盛唐边塞诗的民族精神和审美价值

盛唐边塞诗以雄浑的画笔描绘了壮伟的边塞风光,反映了古代边塞将士艰险苦寒的生活和特定地域的风貌人情,诗中洋溢着强烈的爱国主义精神和建功立业的英雄气概,表现了中华民族可贵的民族精神,对后代文学影响深远,具有传诵千古、催人奋进的审美价值。     

论公安派出所体制模式和运行机制的改革创新

做实做强公安派出所,公安机关应当通过选择体制模式和运行机制进行改革创新;应当从政策导向、制度设计、机制建设上切实向基层倾斜,充分发挥基层民警的积极性和主动性;应当改革勤务方式,坚决纠正基层单位机关化倾向,让民警有更多的时间走向街面、进入社区、融入群众;应当提供警务保障,把公安派出所建设置于基础性、先导性的位置。     

室内地板辐射采暖——一种高效节能的室内采暖技术

介绍了室内地板辐射采暖技术 ,并将地板辐射采暖与普通的暖气片采暖在性能、造价等方面进行了比较 ,说明新型室内地板辐射采暖技术的普及势在必行。     

丹皮酚抑制脂多糖诱导的血管内皮细胞TNF-α释放对共培养体系中血管平滑肌细胞凋亡及p38 MAPK信号通路的影响

目的 观察丹皮酚（Paeonol,Pae）对脂多糖（lipopolysaccharide,LPS）损伤的大鼠血管内皮细胞（vascular endothelial cells,VECs）炎性因子释放及对血管平滑肌细胞（vascular smooth muscle cells,VSMCs）凋亡的影响,阐明Pae抑制VSMCs凋亡是否通过影响VECs释放的炎性因子调控p38 MAPK信号通路。方法 组织块预消化贴壁法原代培养VECs和VSMCs;Transwell小室建立VSMCs和VECs共培养体系;LPS诱导VECs损伤;MTT方法检测细胞存活率;ELISA检测VECs分泌肿瘤坏死因子-α（tumor necrosis factor-alpha, TNF-α）的水平;流式细胞仪检测VSMCs凋亡率;Western blotting检测VSMCs中p38 MAPK信号通路及凋亡相关蛋白表达。结果 与正常对照组比较,LPS可显著提高VECs分泌的TNF-α水平（P＜0.05）,明显升高共培养体系中VSMCs p38 MAPK信号通路蛋白及凋亡相关蛋白（p-MKK3/6、p-p38、p53和Cleaved caspase-3）水平（P<0.05）,显著提高VSMCs凋亡率（P<0.05）;与LPS刺激组比较,Pae可显著抑制VECs分泌的TNF-α（P＜0.05）,明显降低共培养体系中VSMCs p38 MAPK信号通路蛋白及凋亡相关蛋白（p-MKK3/6、p-p38、p53和Cleaved caspase-3）水平（P＜0.05）,显著降低VSMCs凋亡率（P＜0.05）。结论 Pae可抑制VECs释放TNF-α,从而抑制p38 MAPK信号通路,进而减少VSMCs凋亡。     

艾灸督脉经穴通过p38 MAPK通路抑制血管性痴呆大鼠海马CA1区IL-1β和TNF-α表达

目的 基于p38 MAPK通路探究艾灸督脉“百会”“大椎”“风府”穴治疗血管性痴呆的作用机制。方法 将60只SPF级雄性SD大鼠随机分为假手术组、模型组、艾灸组、阻滞剂组、艾灸+阻滞剂组。采用双侧颈总动脉永久结扎法复制血管性痴呆大鼠模型。采用Morris水迷宫实验检测大鼠认知功能,透射电子显微镜观察海马神经细胞超微结构,Western blot法和RT-qPCR法分别检测海马组织中p38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(mitogen-activated protein kinase, MAPK)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor-alpha, TNF-α)、白细胞介素-1β(interleukin-1 beta, IL-1β)蛋白及其mRNA表达水平。结果 与假手术组比较,模型组大鼠平均逃避潜伏期显著延长(P<0.05),穿越平台次数显著减少(P<0.05);海马CA1区神经细胞核染色体凝集、边集,胞浆内细胞器数量明显减少,胞浆基质完全溶解空泡化,神经纤维变形、溶解、坏死;p38 MAPK、TNF-α、IL-1β蛋白及mRNA表达水平均显著升高(P<0...     

From Promiscuity to Living Together to Making the Decision to Break Up or Make a Lasting Commitment

Abstract

Although public administration was “born” and “reared” as a child of politics and constitutional democracy, the coherence of its central purposes later eroded into disparate fragments in a set of “promiscuous” relationships. But now the field has become accustomed to a casual mode in which a loose collection of sub-fields and competing worldviews “live together.” This invites leaving behind our intellectual origins and easy flirting with passing trends and alternative partners. Even while maintaining multiple external ties, the field should now seek to advance to an “adult” form of lasting commitment to a reaffirmed set of core values.