From Promiscuity to Living Together to Making the Decision to Break Up or Make a Lasting Commitment

Abstract

Although public administration was “born” and “reared” as a child of politics and constitutional democracy, the coherence of its central purposes later eroded into disparate fragments in a set of “promiscuous” relationships. But now the field has become accustomed to a casual mode in which a loose collection of sub-fields and competing worldviews “live together.” This invites leaving behind our intellectual origins and easy flirting with passing trends and alternative partners. Even while maintaining multiple external ties, the field should now seek to advance to an “adult” form of lasting commitment to a reaffirmed set of core values.     

新生儿CYP1A1、GSTM1、GSTT1基因多态性分布的研究

目的:研究新生儿CYP1A1、GSTM1、GSTT1基因的多态性分布,为新生儿建立相应基因型记录,达到防病治病的目的。方法:收集新生儿脐血,抽提其中有核细胞的DNA,PCR扩增CYP1A1、GSTM1、GSTT1基因的特征性外显子片段。限制酶切CYP1A1扩增产物,RFLP分析每个标本的基因型;非变性聚丙稀酰胺凝胶电泳分析GSTM1、GSTT1的基因型。结果:CYP1A1、GSTM1和GSTT1基因型均成多态性分布,CYP1A1的基因型分布有3种,分别为A/A基因型占51·8%、A/G基因型占43.7%、G/G基因型占4.5%;GSTM1的基因型有2种分别为GSTM1 / 和GSTM1 /0占86.7%、GSTM1-/-占13·3%。GSTT1基因型分布为GSTT1 / 和GSTT1 /0占76.1%,GSTT10/0为23.9%结论在正常出生的新生儿中,他(她)们的代谢酶CYP1A1、GSTM1、GSTT1基因存在着多态性分布的现象。     

中国人p33.6位点的扩增片段长度多态性

用PCR、小型聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳和银染法对小卫星区域p33.6(D1S111)位点的扩增片段长度多态性(Amp—FLP)进行分析和对100例无关中国人p33.6位点的等位基因频率进行调查及数据处理,发现该位点核心序列重复数从9到22之间的全部14个等位基因,片段长度分布于435～925bp之间,基因频率为0.5～35.5％,杂合度为76％。对6个家系共22名相关个体进行分析,符合孟德尔遗传定律;对人体各种不同组织DNA进行该位点的分析,显示出高度的一致性。该位点适用于法医学上的个人识别以及亲子鉴定。     

Economic and Sociological Approaches To Institutions: Economy, Society And Law

Examined in this paper are some important paradigmatic differences between novel economic institutionalism as espoused by the new institutional economics and sociological institutionalism as advanced by economic sociology. Just as the old and the new institutional economics, economic institutionalism and sociological institutionalism display important differences in their assumptions, domains and methodologies. The paper also takes a look at the possibility for multidisciplinary integration, in a multiple-paradigm approach, of economic and sociological institutionalism, particularly law and economics (economic analysis of law) and law and society (sociology of law) literatures, in these times of interdisciplinary social analysis. Since in the current literature comparative analyses of economic and sociological institutionalism in general, and economic and sociological approaches to legal institutions in particular, are relatively rare, the paper attempts to fill in a gap in this respect.     

消炎祛痘方对痤疮丙酸杆菌诱导的炎症反应抑制作用研究

目的 观察消炎祛痘方对痤疮丙酸杆菌诱导的人急性单核细胞（THP-1细胞）分泌炎症因子肿瘤坏死因子-α（tumor necrosis factor-alpha,TNF-α）、白细胞介素-1α（interleukin-1 alpha,IL-1α）、白细胞介素-8（interleukin-8,IL-8）的影响,探讨其调控痤疮丙酸杆菌诱导的炎症反应机制。方法 采用细胞计数试验盒-8检测消炎祛痘方对THP-1细胞活力的影响;采用ELISA法观察消炎祛痘方对THP-1细胞上清中TNF-α、IL-1α、IL-8水平的影响;采用qRT-PCR和Western blot法分别检测Toll样受体2（Toll like receptor 2,TLR2）及核因子-κB p65（nuclear factor-kappa B p65,NF-κB p65）mRNA和蛋白的表达水平。结果 25 μg/mL消炎祛痘方对THP-1细胞活性无明显影响,12.5、25 μg/mL消炎祛痘方均能抑制痤疮丙酸杆菌诱导的TNF-α、IL-1α、IL-8表达水平,但25 μg/mL消炎祛痘方对3种细胞因子表达的抑制作用更强。12.5、25 μg/mL消炎祛痘方均能抑制TLR2 mRNA的表达,并且两组TLR2 mRNA表达水平的差异无统计学意义。消炎祛痘方能有效降低痤疮丙酸杆菌诱导的TLR2表达水平,25 μg/mL消炎祛痘方降低TLR2的作用更明显。25 μg/mL消炎祛痘方能显著抑制NF-κB p65的表达。结论 消炎祛痘方能抑制痤疮丙酸杆菌诱导的THP-1细胞分泌炎症因子,其机制可能与抑制TLR2/NF-κB信号通路有关。     

Political Ideology,Political Party,and Support for Greater Federal Spending on Environmental Protection in the United States: Evidence from the General Social Surveys, 1993–2018

This paper focuses on the effects of political ideology and party affiliation on support for more government spending on environmental protection. Pooled‐sample results show that Liberals (Democrats) are more likely to support higher government spending on environmental protection than Moderates (Independents), who, in turn, are more likely to support higher spending levels than Conservatives (Republicans). The results persist even when we control for respondents' opinions concerning whether the federal government, in general, does too little or too much. When stratifying by party, ideological divisions generally narrow, while stratifying by ideology leads to slightly wider divisions between Democrats and Republicans. Together, these results suggest that when Liberals and Conservatives form opinions about government spending on the environment, party affiliation, to some degree, dampens the effects of ideology. Between 2014 and 2018 the probability of supporting more environmental spending increased, albeit slightly, for all ideologies and parties, but more so for Liberals and Democrats.     

Vapor-phase staining of cyanoacrylate-fumed latent fingerprints using p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde

Contrasting or enhancing of cyanoacrylate ester-fumed latent fingerprints deposited on solvent-sensitive materials such as oil marker writings and rough surface materials such as unglazed earthenware is not easy by conventional dye solutions dipping or dye powder dusting. In this study, a new vapor-phase staining method using p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde (DMAB) is proposed for staining such materials. DMAB has high volatility and selective absorbability to cyanoacrylate-fumed fingerprints, so that cyanoacrylate-treated samples can be easily stained by leaving them simply in a closed container along with DMAB crystals for 48-96 h at room temperature or in conjunction with the use of mild heating. The stained fingerprint could be excited by UV irradiation (365 nm), and the fluorescent fingerprint was photographed through a UV cut-off filter (420 nm). The new method achieved minimally destructive fluorescent staining for the solvent-sensitive samples and the rough surfaced samples.     

研究范式变革:当代警察学的重大任务

当代警察学研究正处于一种相对停滞、发展缓慢的状况,究其原因,主要是当前警察学的研究范式严重滞后,仍在“阶级斗争范式”中徘徊。中国警察学要有新发展,必须变革这种研究范式,并突破原有的一些理论误区和禁区,从而找到一种符合警察规律、适应时代精神的新的警察学研究范式。     

女子警务区:社区警务新尝试

赣州市章贡区公安分局实施了社区警务的一种新尝试,创立了江西省第一家女子警务区。从它的创立初衷、基本情况和取得的效果来看,在一定条件下,女警从事社区警务工作有其自身的优势,女子警务区的做法值得参考与借鉴。