社会稳定视域下的四川藏区藏族民族认同和国家认同整合途径

民族认同与国家认同的整合,有助于四川藏区的民族团结和区域发展。建构四川藏区藏族民族认同与国家认同一体化的心理整合机制是维护四川藏区社会稳定的现实需要。其具体措施包括:加快社会发展,共享改革成果;强化基层职能,创建和谐藏区;建构公民身份,树立公民意识;倡导核心价值观,培育中华民族共同体意识。     

Agent permeability, principal delegation and the European Court of Human Rights

A growing body of international relations literature examines the delegation of state authority to international organizations. Delegation is a conditional grant of authority from a principal to an agent in which the latter is empowered to act on behalf of the former. This paper explores the effect of agent permeability to interested third parties on the efficacy of control mechanisms established by principals. Our central argument is that higher levels of agent permeability are likely to lead to higher levels of agent autonomy. Because of this, principals who face a potentially permeable agent are likely to delegate more cautiously—partially, in stages, or with clear limits. We illustrate our argument with a case study of the European Convention of Human Rights and its two principal institutions, the Commission and the Court. We find that principals (contracting states) historically delegated quite cautiously to the Court, clearly concerned about the Court’s autonomy. Court behavior in its first two decades reassured principals while increasing the Court’s permeability. Over time, that increased permeability increased Court autonomy in conjunction with the Court’s growing visibility and experience.

我国“大部门体制”的理论内涵和改革路径

建立职能整合、机构协调的大部门体制是我国行政管理体制改革的必然要求。我国的大部门体制是在借鉴西方成功经验的基础上,各项改革不断深化的结果,它围绕政府职能的整合与重组,贯穿决策权、执行权和监督权的分立协调,有利于政府流程再造和现阶段诸多问题的解决。由于国情不同,大部制在我国的顺利推进需要选择与西方截然不同的改革路径。     

Managing Asylum and European Integration: Expanding Spheres of Exclusion?

During the last decade, thhe European Union intensified its efforts to define its external borders in conjunction with its efforts to evolve into a coherent, frontier-free political territory. European policy-makers slowly shaped new norms and rules pertaining to asylum, with increasingly stronger mechanisms to enforce the policy decisions. In the case of asylum and refugee protection, Europe's efforts are nested in the broad global institutional framework negotiated through and carried out by international organizations. However, these developments raise the specter of deteriorating refugee protection in Europe and beyond. This article reviews the norms and rules on which the post–World War II refugee protection regime rests and then points to the recent developments in refugee protection in Europe, which might undermine the goals of the global refugee protection.     

历史文化名城文化产业与旅游产业整合创新的目标模式研究 --以云南大理为例

对云南大理的研究表明,历史文化名城是我国人民的宝贵财富,它有着独特的文化价值和社会价值.历史文化名城的文化产业,是一个具有丰富内涵的产业.名城既要弘扬民族文化,又要实现经济、社会的可持续发展,那就需要找到一个结合点.这个结合点就是在可持续发展理论指导下的现代旅游业.因为现代旅游业既要求实现经济上的可持续性,又要满足人们对文化的审美要求和实现社会、环境等方面的可持续性.     

论信息时代军事思维的发展

信息时代,军事实践方式的转换导致并要求军事思维领域发生革命性的变化。与以往时代的军事思维相比,信息时代的军事思维具有跨结构、跨层次的整合功能,虚拟思维成为重要的思维方式,思维的手段、结果也趋于精确化。     

非赢利组织与转型时期中国社会整合之重塑

改革开放加速了中国从传统社会向现代社会的转型,这种现代化的社会变迁过程是人类历史上最深远的一次社会革命,它促进了中国社会的发展与进步,但也引发了社会失范和社会解组现象。要恢复社会的良性运行,就必须使社会在新的基础上重建其整合,这种新的社会基础就是非赢利组织。作为横向合作的社会结构,它对现代社会具有价值整合、利益整合以及制度整合、结构整合等重塑功能。而要充分发挥其整合功能,就必须不断提高其自治程度、完善其结构、加强其自律性和社会公信度等,使其成为真正的市民社区。     

四维一体疗法治疗粘连性肠梗阻临床研究

目的 观察四维一体疗法治疗粘连性肠梗阻的临床疗效。方法 将87例粘连性肠梗阻患者随机分为观察组（45例）和对照组（42例）。对照组给予外科基础治疗,观察组除外科基础治疗外,给予四维一体疗法治疗,即中药辨证胃管注入、中医辨证敷脐、中医辨证灌肠、中医针刺。治疗结束后观察两组腹痛缓解时间、自主排气时间、自主排便时间、泛影葡胺到达升结肠和降结肠时间,并观察临床疗效及中转手术率。结果 与对照组比较,观察组腹痛缓解时间、自主排气时间、自主排便时间以及泛影葡胺到达升结肠和降结肠时间明显缩短,差异均有统计意义（P＜0.05）。两组临床疗效比较,差异无统计意义（P>0.05）。观察组中转手术率较对照组明显降低,差异有统计意义（P＜0.05）。结论 在外科基础治疗的基础上,联合中医四维一体疗法治疗粘连性肠梗阻疗效确切,能够提高临床疗效,缩短患者康复时间和降低中转手术率。     

Disputes over the 15-point agreement on normalization of relations between Kosovo and Serbia

This paper examines the 15-point agreement on normalization of relations between Kosovo and Serbia. Two mainstream discourses have prevailed since the agreement was ratified by both countries: on one hand, the Government of Kosovo has branded this agreement as historic, given the fact that in the last century no agreement has ever been reached between Kosovo and Serbia. On the other hand, Kosovo's political opposition has critiqued this agreement stressing that the 15-point agreement devastates Kosovo's statehood. Beyond both extreme stances, we argue that an enhanced autonomy for four northern Serb municipalities ought to be seen as a tool for integration, rather than disintegration of Kosovo statehood. This paper concludes that the dialogue between Kosovo and Serbia as a top-down arrangement lacks transparency, and this might jeopardize the achievements reached through this process. Moreover, the EU position should be clearly articulated that redrawing and rearranging the borders of Kosovo and Serbia might overturn the EU's and USA's immense investments in stability, peace, and prosperity in the Western Balkans.     

Who is poor in China? A comparison of alternative approaches to poverty assessment in Rural Yunnan

Despite widespread recognition of the multidimensionality of poverty among social scientists and policymakers, the monetary approach still dominates poverty assessment. However, it is possible that different poverty assessment methodologies identify dissimilar households as poor, leading to disparate policies for poverty reduction. This empirical research applies four approaches to poverty identification to the same population of rural households in Wuding County, Yunnan Province, PRC. These approaches include China's official poverty identification method, participatory poverty assessment (PPA), the monetary approach to poverty assessment, and use of multidimensional poverty indicators (MDI). This study discovered that these four approaches generate different aggregate poverty incidences, identifying different households with distinctly different characteristics as poor. Each approach evaluates different aspects and dimensions, highlighting some characteristics while concealing others. There is very little overlap among the poor households identified by each methodology. This has implications at the conceptual, methodological, and policy levels. The conceptual understanding of poverty should be broadened to include multidimensional and multidisciplinary socioeconomic indicators. Multiple approaches must be applied in order to avoid marginalising some aspects of poverty. Poverty reduction strategies should shift from promoting short-term income-generating activities to a broader combination of strategies that address the inter-linked structural causes of poverty.