WTO与法律趋同化问题浅议

世界各国法律存在差异是历史的必然 ,但随着国际交往的日益频繁和经济全球化趋势的加强 ,各国法律的国际化、趋同化成为一种客观发展的趋势。WTO的成立和发展及其一系列规则和机制为这种趋同创造了可能。中国在加入WTO之后 ,必须尽快制定、修改和完善自己的法律以便与国际接轨 ,走法律趋同化道路。     

The Trouble with David Goodhart's Britain

This article argues that David Goodhart's manifesto for 'progressive nationalism' is gravely misconceived, indicative of the entire cohesion and integration agenda. What he talks about as the making of a common culture involves dusting off tired traditions, scaling back individual rights to protect the 'common good', and ultimately retreating onto safe ground for Middle England. Since such measures to strengthen national solidarity are responsive only to the anxieties of the demographic majority, those who are deemed to be most prone to social marginalisation continue to be so. Goodhart, like many in New Labour's orbit, chooses to ignore that belonging is reciprocal.
The article advocates an alternative culture of citizenship - one that widens democratisation, brings individuals them into the political process and thereby engages the 'reciprocity of belonging' that the post-7/7 consensus neglects. To build a cohesive Britain, the first step - but not necessarily the last - is to conceive sustainable routes towards social and political inclusion for all.     

论法国对印度支那殖民政策（1887—1940年）

1887年,法国殖民者建立了印度支那联邦。由此开始,在“同化”与“联合”理论的指导下,法国人制定了殖民印度支那的一整套政策,这套政策与中央集权下的“杜美体制”、高利贷帝国主义的近代银行制度、重商主义背景下的贸易保护制度、文化上的同化意识为特点,给印度支那带来了一系列消极的影响。如何消除之,成为印度支那国家发展中的重要任务。     

The Unfreedom of the Moderns in Comparison to Their Ideals of Constitutional Democracy

The paper is a critical survey of the last ten years of research on the principles of legitimacy of constitutional democracy and their application in practice in Europe and North America. A constitutional democracy is legitimate if it meets the test of two principles: the principles of democracy or popular sovereignty and of constitutionalism or the rule of law. There are three contemporary trends which tend to conflict with the principle of democracy and thus diminish democratic freedom. There are three responses to the lack of legitimacy of these three trends. The first is to downplay the principle of democracy in order to endorse the three trends. The second is to uphold the principle of democracy, in the form of deliberative constitutional democracy, in order to criticise aspects of the three trends and to call for further democratisation. The third trend deepens this critical response by tying the test of democratic legitimacy more closely to case studies of attempts by citizens to exercise their democratic freedom.     

经济全球化对全球文化的影响--兼论中国文化发展战略

构成文化核心的深层结构的价值观念与取向、思维与行为模式、宗教信仰、审美情趣等 ,具有很强的稳定性 ,有一种独立发展的内在惯性与规律 ,不会轻而易举地被同化 ;而以消费为中心的文化的浅层结构则容易被“全球化”。研究者不同的视角也会影响到对经济全球化背景下全球文化的走向的判断。全球文化将在冲突与融合的交互中走向与经济全球化相适应的新阶段     

The ‘unwanteds’ and ‘non-compliants’: ‘unsupported mothers’ as ‘failures’ and agents in Australia’s migrant Holding Centres*

Abstract

Ideas of assimilated citizenship are inherently gendered and during Australia’s post-World War Two migration boom they were deeply and explicitly invested in marriage, children and domesticity. In this period of social conservatism and economic boom, assimilation rhetoric functioned as a reassuring mirror for the host population, promoting the dream of prosperous family life as the ultimate aspiration for refugees and migrants. The role of immigration Holding Centres within this vision was to provide a context in which migrants and refugees could take their first steps towards accomplishing this dream. These Centres of necessary temporary residence were designed as sites of transition towards autonomous, assimilated family life. However, those families headed by single mothers, often referred to in government records as ‘unsupported mothers’, had limited opportunities to live up to such images of assimilation, or even to comply with the economic imperatives of the migration scheme that had brought them to Australia. Based mainly on Department of Immigration records, this article demonstrates that despite recognising the long-term economic and social prospects their children represented, government agencies viewed many unsupported mothers as system failures. They attempted to remedy the situation by turning these women into live-in domestic workers, at times placing pressure on them to institutionalise their children in order to facilitate this, thereby prioritising their compliance with economic imperatives over support for their parenting. Within the limited scope of their agency, unsupported mothers responded by attempting to negotiate the terms of their compliance or simply refusing to comply. For the latter group, Holding Centres became a more permanent home. This permanence is read here as a gendered form of resistance to a system that struggled to foster their economic self-reliance without compromising their capacity to be mothers.     

论民俗旅游对旅游地民俗文化的"污染"与防治

民俗旅游对旅游地民俗文化的“污染”主要体现在三个方面:由于过于关注民俗文化的形式,常常导致民俗文化精神内核的丧失;伪民俗大量涌现,破坏了旅游地民俗文化的和谐性;促使旅游地民俗文化出现与外来文化快速趋同的趋势,使民俗文化的特色日渐消失。解决这些问题需要与民俗旅游有关的各方的共同努力。     

个人命名制、民族性与多元文化

个人命名制是一种文化现象,各民族文化现象无不具有相对性,个人命名制当然不能例外.从任何一个民族的现有命名制度出发去对异民族的命名制度简单比附,以定其优劣,都是错误的做法.每一个民族的命名制都是为适应本民族的社会需要发展起来的,各民族社会需要不同,其命名制理当互有差别.保持各民族命名制的差异,一方面可以使命名制所反映的社会公认血缘关系与人类的实际生理血缘关系更为接近,因为不管哪个时代人类的婚姻,在本民族内发生的机率总是大于异民族间通婚的机率,保持各民族命名制中的差异,与这种实际的婚姻是吻合的,它可使我们从命名的客观实际上就可以判断人与人之间在社会公认血缘关系上的远近,使人类更利于规避近亲通婚.另一方面.多种命名制度的并存有利于避免产生同名现象的困扰.在任何一种语言中,要用有限的音节符号区别出众多的个人,都得接受数学规律的制约.多民族命名法的并存就可以使姓名的结构多样化,命名构成要素多样化,     

论科学体系的生成与发展

科学观察有期望 ,科学的期望作为原始结构在同化过程中生成理论体系。科学家在一定的背景条件下滋生科学的眼界和指向 ,眼界规定理论的形式 ,指向规定理论的内容。科学的发展包括内容上的补充和形式上的变异。科学的创新要求对旧有体系提出问题并展开批判 ,实质是理论形式的变异 ,但在内容上包含着大规模的补充。     

让哲学回到日常生活

哲学家要眼光向下 ,让高悬的沉思立足现实 ;不仅要关注自然、社会及思维的一般规律 ,也要关照人类日常生活 ,那里同样存在广博而又最富实践性的哲学。主体的对象化和客观化过程 ,个体和社会的异质化与同质化作用 ,以及开明的自我主义的生存活动 ,都是在相互依存的家庭结构中 ,在密集交织着的“地方世界”或社会共同体中进行和实施的。正是在日常生活中 ,更真切地反映了一切生命都内含着一种无限上进的激情和奋发为雄的冲动