西方非主流经济学的消费行为理论述评

无论是西方主流经济学还是非主流经济学的消费行为理论，都具有十分明显的时代特征，是理论的历史承袭性和修正性的结晶。因此，诸家理论都表现出一定的局限性，有待进一步修正，深化，拓展和整和，但这并不诋毁其应用价值，深入研究这些理论，有利于我们在不同的时期选择适宜的政策，引导和刺激居民消费行为沿着正确的方向发展。     

著作权合理使用及其经济学分析

合理使用是指在一定的条件下不经著作权人的许可,也不必向其支付报酬而对作品所进行的使用。在经济学看来,著作权法中的合理使用体现了著作权法实施的社会成本和收益间的平衡。其中交易成本分析方法运用于合理使用制度中,侧重于交易成本损害了自愿许可协议的达成从而导致市场失败的情形。合理使用还可以运用新古典经济学原理分析。     

新区域经济观:理论视野与实践案例

区域经济的发展和研究成为新的经济学热点问题。知识经济的兴起,国际经济全球化和区域经济一体化,为区域经济的实践、区域经济学的理论与方法注入了大量新内容,取得了一系列重要的研究成果。我们将这些研究成果概括为新区域经济观。本文概述区域经济学研究内容、层次与范围的拓展,分析区域经济理论创新和实践案例,探讨新区域经济观如何支撑五个“统筹”与区域协调发展等问题。     

Assessing the effectiveness and efficiency of a police service: the analytics of operational reviews

Concerns over rising costs have forced police services to balance increasing fiscal and operational pressures. Discussions of the resources and requirements of police, however, are generally only informed by political expediency and traditional practice. Operational reviews (ORs) can be used to document the demands on police, their capacity to respond, and ways in which they can become more efficient and effective. Drawing on an OR of a major urban Canadian police service, this article provides a broad outline of the components of an OR and the analytics that can be used to answer these key questions.     

关于侦查效益的研究

侦查行为与人类其他活动一样,也必须有“投入”或“消耗”,并按照特定的价值取向实现自身的价值目标。鉴于我国目前刑事案件大量增加而侦查资源有限的现状,侦查效益的研究无疑具有理论和现实意义。文章从侦查效益的含义及现状出发,进一步分析了影响侦查效益的诸因素,并有针对性地提出了一些解决方案,以期更好地指导侦查实践。     

我国循环经济立法的法经济学思考——基于成本-效益分析

循环经济立法是保障我国循环经济运行,实现经济、社会和生态全面、协调、可持续发展的重要措施。我国传统的法律观念注重的是正义、公平等法的基本价值,对于立法很少有经济方面的分析,造成法律运行的社会成本高,社会效益不尽如人意。文章以经济学为视角,运用成本-效益分析方法,对循环经济的立法成本-效益进行分析,提出了完善循环经济立法的有关思路。以期促进《循环经济法》的诞生。     

西部经济发展滞后的原因分析——基于新兴古典经济学视角

近几年,东西部地区之间的差距呈扩大趋势,文章尝试在新兴古典经济学的视角下探讨其原因,并认为国家要大力发展西部,缩小沿海地区与中西部的差距,应致力于改善西部的交易效率,推动其分工演进,从而提高生产效率和经济效率,促进经济增长。     

Theoretical criteria for online consumer behaviour: web-based communication exposure and internal psychological behavioural processes approaches

Various theories, theoretical viewpoints and models on consumer behaviour stipulate consumers’ offline and online behaviour when purchasing a product or using a service. This article deviates from the purchasing perspective and instead proposes an information and web-based communication message ‘seeking and consumption¹ perspective. This new perspective is theoretically grounded in two new approaches to online consumer behaviour: the web-based communication exposure and internal psychological behavioural processes approaches; as well as the integration of various theoretical perspectives, approaches, theories and models that address fragments of offline and online consumer behaviour. The research problem is to address the existing limited and fragmented approaches, because existing purchasing perspectives arguably do not provide adequate theoretical criteria to explain online consumer behaviour during interactive information-seeking and consumption activities. Hence, the main aim of this article is to propose new theoretical criteria for online consumer behaviour to address these shortcomings.     

Changes in staff confidence and attributions for challenging behaviour after training in positive behavioural support,within a forensic mental health setting: a replication study with follow-up

Positive behavioural support (PBS) is a proactive approach to managing challenging behaviour. Staff in a forensic mental health service were provided training in PBS. The study aimed to assess the effectiveness of training by measuring changes to staff confidence and attributions for challenging behaviour before training, post training and at six-month follow-up. Qualified and unqualified staff were compared, as were male and female staff. Confidence was measured using an adapted version of the Confidence in Coping with Patient Aggression Instrument. The Challenging Behaviour Attributions Scale and the Causal Dimension Scale II assessed staff attributions. Staff confidence levels in working with challenging behaviour increased following PBS training, and this increase was maintained at six-month follow-up, for unqualified, qualified, male and female staff. Changes in attributions for challenging behaviour were observed post training; however changes were not maintained at follow-up. Limitations and clinical implications were outlined.     

The myth of the narco-state

Despite being used repeatedly in different contexts, the term “narco-state” has never been satisfactorily defined or explained. In fact, the existence of the narco-state is almost always taken for granted. This article will argue, on the basis of a review of existing definitions and of selected case studies, that there is no such thing as a narco-state and that using the term tends to oversimplify if not mask the complex socio-political and economic realities of drug-producing countries. The narco-state notion will be debated and opposed in terms of politics, territory, and economics.