南海断续线的法律地位:历史性水域、疆域线、抑或岛屿归属线?

有关南海断续线的法律地位问题,向来为南海周边的东南亚国家所关注。本文列举了历史性水域、海上疆域线和岛屿归属线3种提法。通过研究和比较,认为把断续线作为岛屿归属线的提法,无论从断续线最初产生时的情况,或者后来在实际应用中所起的作用,似乎是可以认可的。     

论文化全球化中的边界意识及影响因素

文化全球化的边界,是指不同文化的活动范围和存在空间具有的一定界域。文化全球化的边界意识类似于中国古代社会的"和而不同"思想,包括价值边界意识、话语边界意识(表达的边界意识)、文化交流的边界意识等方面。文化边界的走向决定于文化的向心力和离心力、文化的吸引力和排斥力、文化的继承性和变异性等因素,经济发展和社会互动、文化的冲突和融合、科技的交流和应用等亦对文化边界发生深刻作用。     

东盟国家间领土边界争端的成因及影响

二战后东盟国家之间大都存在着领土边界争端,其实这种争端主要有两种:一种是东盟国家之间的陆上疆界或岛屿主权的争端;另一种是东盟国家之间因海洋资源的获取、领海及大陆架疆界的划分问题而出现的争端.本文认为,东盟国家间所产生的这种领土边界争端的原因主要是"殖民主义的遗产"、历史纠葛和国家之间经济利益的争夺.这种争端不仅给东盟国家之间的关系造成不稳定的影响,而且也影响到东盟的安全协调体制.     

Working the Spaces in between: A Case Study of a Boundary‐Spanning Model to Help Facilitate Cross‐Sectoral Policy Work

Since the 1990s, ‘joined‐up government,’ ‘whole‐of‐government,’ and ‘horizontal governance’ approaches have emerged in many industrialized countries, resulting in the devolution of government functions to diverse policy networks. From these shifts, complex systems of networked actors have emerged, involved in designing, implementation, and influencing policy. Arguably, networked approaches to policy may solve some problems. However, as with all paradigm shifts, new problems have emerged. Specifically, skill and knowledge gaps have opened up, reflecting the need for new collaborative and networked relationships that can increase the capabilities and agility to work in these ways. In response to these gaps, we developed the Power to Persuade initiative. Power to Persuade is an annual symposium and online forum, aimed at deepening knowledge and awareness of current problems faced by policy networks, and providing the skills and knowledge to overcome them. In this paper, we discuss how Power to Persuade works within the spaces in between as a vehicle for relationship building and better policy.     

Policy design and domestic support for international bailouts

Financial bailouts for ailing Eurozone countries face deep and widespread opposition among voters in donor countries, casting major doubts over the political feasibility of further assistance efforts. What is the nature of the opposition and under what conditions can governments obtain broader political support for funding such large‐scale, international transfers? This question is addressed by distinguishing theoretically between ‘fundamental’ and ‘contingent’ attitudes. Whereas the former entail complete rejection or embrace of a policy, the latter depend on the specific features of the policy and could shift if those features are altered. Combining unique data from an original survey in Germany – the largest donor country – together with an experiment that varies salient policy dimensions, the analysis indicates that less than a quarter of the public exhibits fundamental opposition to the bailouts. Testing a set of theories on contingent attitudes, particular sensitivity is found to the burden‐sharing and cost dimensions of the bailouts. The results imply that the choice of specific features of a rescue package has important consequences for building domestic support for international assistance efforts.     

从“工学界限”到“打成一片”——中国共产党建党前后深入工人群众的实践经验及启示

五四时期,随着“劳工神圣”思潮的风行,“与劳工为伍”成为响应时代潮流的呼声。从北京大学平民教育讲演团深入工农群众开展讲演,到具有初步共产主义思想的知识分子在长辛店开办劳动补习学校,再到中国劳动组合书记部北方分部以长辛店工运工作为基础向北方各地工人组织扩展,整个过程充分展现了中国共产党在建党前后深入群众问题上的探索和实践情况。其中,“工学界限”问题曾一度影响了革命宣传和组织深入。面对这个问题,早期共产党人坚持以马克思主义为指导,坚定深入工人群众的工作方向,踏实、务实、创造性地开展了一系列实践探索,最终弥合了工学界限,与工人群众打成一片,积累了中国共产党人开展群众工作的最初经验。深入分析和研究这一历史过程,对于坚定人民立场、践行群众路线具有重要的指导意义。     

试论媒体监督与司法独立

媒体监督对于司法独立而言,是一把“双刃剑”。随着社会的发展和公民法制观念的增强,新闻界和司法界的互动日趋频繁,随之也带来了许多亟待研究与解决的问题。应借鉴中外媒体监督与司法独立关系的理论与实践,协调两者的关系,以实现其“双赢”和司法公正的目标。     

Investigation of Postmortem Absorption and Redistribution After the Application of a Fentanyl Patch

Fentanyl deaths have increased with availability of transdermal patches. Interpretation of postmortem fentanyl levels may be complicated by postmortem redistribution and absorption of fentanyl from a patch. We applied an unused 100‐μg/h fentanyl patch onto the lower abdomen of a decedent with no premortem fentanyl exposure. Ocular fluid, blood, and urine were collected prior to placement, and the decedent was refrigerated for 23 h. Prior to the autopsy, urine, subcutaneous tissue under the patch, and samples from the same anatomic sites were obtained. We observed no fentanyl in any postpatch placement samples (LOD: 0.1 ng/mL for blood and vitreous fluid, 1.0 ng/mL urine, 2.0 ng/g for tissues). Although we observed no postmortem absorption of fentanyl, this was only a single case; therefore, we recommend that patches be removed after receipt of a cadaver before initiation of an autopsy, with the location of removed patch documented.     

氯胺酮在家兔死后体内的弥散研究

目的研究氯胺酮在大白兔体内死后弥散过程和再分布机制。方法 48只实验大白兔随机分为8组,采用缺氧处死后以150mg/kg氯胺酮灌胃,尸体仰卧位于室温下放置;在0~96h内分8个时间点各解剖1组,提取体液和脏器组织样品;采用GC/MS法定性结合GC-NPD法定量检测样品中氯胺酮含量,并计算心血/外周血中氯胺酮含量的比值。结果大白兔死后氯胺酮灌胃尸体放置96h内,脑、尿液、玻璃体液、左上/下肢肌肉样本中均未检测到氯胺酮,心血、外周血、心肌、脾、肾、肝、肺、胆汁中氯胺酮含量随死后时间呈动态升高的变化;其中距离胃较近的组织(如脾)较早检测到含量较高的氯胺酮,而距离较远的组织或体液中氯胺酮含量较低且较晚检测到;心血/外周血中氯胺酮含量比值为1.73。结论氯胺酮在家兔体内存在死后再分布,从胃到器官组织、心血顺浓度梯度弥散是主要机制。脑、玻璃体液、尿液、肢体肌肉不受死后弥散的影响,可作为生前服毒与死后染毒氯胺酮的鉴别依据。     

反垄断法再分配功能初探

法律是社会利益资源和权利的分配书。经济法是利益资源和权利的一种再分配法,是在民商法等法律所作的权利分配的基础上,对原有权利安排作出适当调整和再分配。反垄断法同样具有再分配功能,通过对美国反托拉斯法的产生历史的考察可以证明这一点。我国的社会现实也需要反垄断法再分配功能的发挥。