Peace-building and business elites in Guatemala and El Salvador: explaining the discursive ‘institutional turn’

ABSTRACT

The local business elites of El Salvador were generally in favour of the peace agreement and supported its negotiation and implementation in 1992, while in Guatemala the private sector reluctantly supported the peace process and, after the peace agreements were signed in 1996, the private sector sought to obstruct parts of its implementation. In the aftermath of the peace accords, business elites united around an ideology espousing a minimal state and a focus on market solutions to social problems. Although welcoming the security-related measures in the peace accords, business elites have often obstructed transformations towards more inclusive and democratic societies. However, in recent years there has been a change in discourse among influential business associations towards recognition of the need for strong state institutions and the need for institutionalised mechanisms for dialogue to find solutions to social problems. In this article, we seek to shed light on the significance of this discursive turn for continued peace-building.     

It Takes a Coalition: The Community Impacts of Collaboration

Members of Congress frequently collaborate on policy initiatives, reaching out to colleagues in both parties to find common ground on solutions for the problems faced by their constituents. Using a novel dataset of over 30,000 “Dear Colleague” letters sent by members of the 111th Congress, I use the collaborative relationships that exist in the earliest stages of the policy process to measure the social influence of legislators. I demonstrate that districts represented by members of Congress who are better connected to their colleagues receive a greater share of federal grant money. I argue that this is because collaborative legislators are well‐positioned to be influential allies to strategic bureaucrats who want to maintain a broad base of support for their programs in Congress. Thus, devoting resources to building relationships with their colleagues is one way members of Congress can more effectively support the communities they represent.     

网络舆论影响力辨析

网络舆论作为一种新的舆论形式,其发展状况和影响已引起了全社会的普遍关注。网络舆论影响力既有积极的一面,也有消极的一面,对其积极的影响,我们要充分利用,发挥其应有的作用;对于负面的效应,则要采取相应的举措,使危害性降到最低。     

美国犯罪侧写人员的从业之路

犯罪侧写是源于美国的一种综合性侦查技术与方法,在司法实践中有着重要的作用。美国有着较为完备的侧写人员培养体系,对犯罪侧写人员有着严格的要求,即需要具备多学科的学历背景,丰富的司法实践经验,并且经过专业的侧写技能训练。探讨美国侧写人员的从业之路,将为中国侧写人员培养提供有价值的参考。     

中美商务谈判差异表现的文化根源及应对策略

中美商务谈判的差异表现主要在谈判战略、谈判战术、谈判决策和谈判方向四方面,这些差异可能对谈判造成误解、僵局乃至破裂等负面影响。中美商务谈判的差异表现根源在于中美文化的差异,主要表现在集体主义与个人主义的差异、思维方式差异和权力距离差异三个方面。为促进商务谈判的成功,可以采用双赢策略、团队策略、尊重策略和语言策略来应对这些差异。     

“ 金蝉”不再“ 脱壳”——论营业转让中债权人的利益保护

营业转让中债务人通过“金蝉脱壳”之计逃废债务的现象频发，为了改变债权人所处的不利地位，需要从法理上澄清现行债务承担规则存在的迷乱，同时梳理国内外的相关制度，在比较借鉴的基础上，全面建构债权人利益保护机制：一是完善债权人知情权的实现程序，建立债权保护的事前防范机制；二是夯实债务承担规则的法理基础，重构债权保护的事后救济机制。     

论葡萄牙法对澳门地区的影响历程

澳门地区现行法律制度以葡萄牙法律为基础。自16世纪中叶起,葡萄牙法律对澳门社会的影响逐步加深,至19世纪中叶,澳门社会基本奠定了葡式法律体系的基础。葡萄牙法对澳门的影响经历了三个时期,所产生的影响的态势及澳门地区独特的法律发展之路说明:不同民族的法律文化可以和平共存、共同发展。     

对肖日明侵犯商业秘密一案的法律分析

肖日明侵犯商业秘密一案,存在诸多争议,媒体以及法学界对该案予以较多关注。侵犯商业秘密罪应属结果犯而非即成犯,同时本案并未超过追诉时效,因而应追究肖日明及其所在单位侵犯商业秘密罪的刑事责任。     

论我国NGO发展对工会困难职工帮扶工作的影响

近年来我国NGO(尤其是慈善公益类NGO)的蓬勃发展,为社会慈善公益事业的繁荣搭建起有利的平台。而我国工会工作在经济体制转型和国企改革进一步深化的环境下遇到了新的挑战———如何加强困难职工群体的帮扶工作这一现实问题。在现阶段,要解决这一问题,工会在依靠政府支持和自身发展的同时,应该从更加广阔的社会领域中去寻求资源和帮助。而其中的关键就在于要加强工会与NGO(尤其是慈善公益类NGO)的良性互动和合作。     

会计信息与工资集体协商--理论与实务的几个问题

工资集体协商的实质是经济利益的协商,协商的效果和质量取决于协商手段的运用,特别是协商过程中财务信息的运用。研究工资集体协商过程中涉及的若干会计问题,目的是引导协商主体,充分利用财务信息,提高工资集体协商的质量,实现共赢。