短串联重复位点ACTBP2(SE33)的扩增片段长度多态性研究

应用变性聚丙烯酸胺凝胶电泳（dn－PAGE）结合银染色技术对短串联重复（STR）位点ACTBP2（SE33）的扩增片段长度多态性（Amp－FLPs）进行了研究。在210名无关中国个体中观察到了25个等位基因，等位基因频率分布在0．007～0．093之间。基因型的分布符合Hardy－Weinberg定律，个体识别能力（DP）值为0．99，杂合度（H）为98．7％。七个家系分析的结果表明，该位点的遗传符合孟德尔遗传法则，未观察到变异。对几种常见的法医物证检材的分析表明，该分型系统对DNA降解放为严重的检村适用性强，而且灵敏度高（0．5ng），适合于法医学实际应用。     

唾液及含唾液检材的DNA分析

提取160份唾液及含唾液的检材中的DNA，并根据DNA的质和量进行了DNA指纹图检验或应用聚合酶链反应（PCR）进行了DNA分型。结果表明，唾液和含唾液检材是很好的DNA来源．对其进行DNA分析是可行的。     

同步分型16个STR位点及法医学应用研究

为提高法医学鉴定中单次检测信息量,探讨建立了同步检测16个STR位点方法.应用同步扩增、同—PAC板电泳分离银染,同时完成16个STR位点分型.16个位点的累计非父排除率0.99999878,平均匹配概率4.30×10~(-18).收集亲子鉴定328例,个人识别62例,均获较满意的结论.对同步分型16个STR位点的方法、法医学应用特点等作了讨论.     

西方“技术联盟”组建的战略背景、目标与困境

美国因战略背景变化不断进行战略工具调试,其主导的西方"技术联盟"作为关键的战略遏制工具,曾经成功地限制了战略竞争对手的经济与技术进步。面对新历史环境下的战略博弈,美国再次谋求联合西方盟友组建新的排他性"技术联盟",并加大与战略对手在新技术维度的战略竞争与博弈力度。目前的全球技术结构特征、全球价值链的结构制约、欧美技术治理结构等多重矛盾因素,给"技术联盟"的建立及其战略有效性带来了新困境,但"技术联盟"作为一种战略工具,依旧可能是未来美国政府在"战略安全"语境下的优先战略选项。"技术联盟"扩散的"战略安全"逻辑阻碍了全球技术进步,并将催生全球技术格局的"隔离"状态,同时其外溢效应还可能包括瓦解全球价值链的潜在风险。     

连接酶链反应在人Amelogenin基因座检验中的初步研究

目的建立连接酶链反应（LigaseChainReaction，LCR）应用于法医学领域的初步方法探索。方法选择人Amelogenin基因座进行连接酶链反应。针对人染色体Amelogenin基因座Xp22．1一．3、Ypll．2上M55418、M55419的序列，自行设计特异引物，建立LCR最佳体系，对男性和女性Amelogenin基因座进行分型。结果巢式LCR能够对男性和女性Amelogenin基因座正确分型。结论LCR技术能够应用于人Amelogenin基因座分型，但尚需进一步简化和改进。     

论和谐社区最佳运行长效机制链的构建

构建和谐社区是一项系统工程,包含若干子系统。一个子系统运行发生故障时,将会影响到整个系统的正常运转,建立健全和谐社区的长效机制链能使系统内部组织达到优化整合,系统外部功能得到最好发挥,进而达到系统内外互动的最佳运行状态。和谐社区最佳运行的长效机制链主要包括坚强的社区党建机制、有效的社区环境保护机制、公平的社区参与机制、创新的社区公共服务供给机制、健全的社区和谐文化建设机制。各种机制互动、整合和功能的发挥有利于和谐社区的构建。     

Simple and highly effective DNA extraction methods from old skeletal remains using silica columns

The recovery of DNA data from old skeletal remains is often difficult due to degraded and very low yield of extracted DNA and the presence of PCR inhibitors. Herein, we compared several silica-based DNA extraction methods from artificially degraded DNA, DNA with PCR inhibitors and DNA from old skeletal remains using quantitative real-time PCR. We present a modified large-scale silica-based extraction combined with complete demineralization, that enables maximum DNA recovery and efficient elimination of PCR inhibitors. This is performed with high concentration of EDTA solution for demineralization of bone powder followed by QIAamp^® spin columns and buffers from the QIAquick^® PCR purification kit. We have successfully used this modified technique to perform STR analysis for 55-year-old skeletal remains. The results of this study will contribute to solve the forensic cases dealing with skeletal remains.     

STR Profiles from DNA Samples with "Undetected" or Low Quantifiler™ Results

Abstract:  Screening methods capable of identifying DNA samples that will not yield short tandem repeat (STR) profiles are desired. In the past, quantitation methods have not been sensitive enough for this purpose. In this study, low level DNA samples were used to assess whether Quantifiler™ has a minimum quantitation value below which STR profiles would consistently fail to be detected. Buccal swabs were obtained and the DNA extracted, quantified, and serially diluted to concentrations ranging from 0.002 to 0.250 ng/μL. Samples were analyzed once with Quantifiler™, followed by Profiler Plus™ amplification and capillary electrophoresis analysis. An absolute minimum value below which STR results were unobtainable could not be defined. From the 96 low level samples tested, STR loci (including one full profile) were successfully amplified and detected from 27% of the samples "undetected" by Quantifiler™. However, no STR alleles were detected in 73% of these "undetected" samples, indicating that Quantifiler™ data may be useful for predicting STR typing success.     

狂犬病“靶向性”Th表位DNA疫苗的构建与瞬时表达研究

用RT-PCR扩增BALB/c小鼠P31基因,在不影响氨基酸序列前提下,对序列中461nt NcoⅠ酶切位点进行定点突变;采用定向克隆方法将狂犬病病毒核蛋白、糖蛋白及NS蛋白主要Th抗原表位核苷酸序列替换P31序列中CLIP区域,进行新一轮PCR反应获得带有Kozak调控序列的P31-Th分子,以增加目的基因的表达量,并将含有Kozak序列的P31-Th分子克隆入真核表达载体pCI-neo多克隆位点,通过PCR与限制性内切酶酶切方法进行鉴定;最后将各Th表位表达载体转染COS-7细胞,Western-blot检测目的基因的瞬时表达。测序分析结果表明,BALB/c小鼠P31基因CDS区长648bp,编码215个氨基酸,与Gen-Bank中登录的Ii分子（NM₀10545）的核苷酸序列、氨基酸序列均存在多个位点差异;定点突变后获得了P31分子突变体,经PCR及限制性内切酶酶切方法证明,成功构建了携带P31-Th分子的真核表达载体;Western-blot分析证实,各P31-Th分子均在COS-7细胞中获得瞬时表达,且表达的目的产物能够与兔抗P31多克隆抗体发生抗原抗体结合反应。结果表明,作者成功构建了狂犬病病毒主要Th抗原表位的"靶向性"核酸疫苗,为开展在小鼠的免疫学试验奠定了基础。     

Collection and direct amplification methods using the GlobalFiler™ kit for DNA recovered from common pipe bomb substrates

When analyzing DNA from exploded pipe bombs, quantities are often in trace amounts, making DNA typing extremely difficult. Amplifying minute amounts of DNA can cause stochastic effects resulting in partial or uninterpretable profiles. Therefore, the initial DNA collection from “touch” evidence must be optimized to maximize the amount of DNA available for analysis.This proof-of-concept study evaluated two different swab types with two direct amplification strategies to identify the most effective method for recovering DNA from common pipe bomb substrates. PVC and steel pipes, electrical tape, and copper wire spiked with epithelial cells were swabbed with cotton or microFLOQ® Direct Swabs and amplified directly or via a pre-treatment prior to STR amplification.Not only was the microFLOQ® Direct Swab protocol the quickest method with the least risk of contamination, but in combination with direct amplification, the microFLOQ® Direct Swabs also generated the most complete STR profiles.