Trends and Developments in Program Evaluation in General and Criminal Justice Programs in Particular

The paper first describes general trends in evaluation in (mainly) western societies. Why is evaluation growing, what are the characteristics of this ‘growth industry’ and what developments are occurring outside western societies? Trends in the evaluation of criminal justice programs in the USA, the UK and the Netherlands are then discussed. Two important developments are therafter highlighted: experimental evaluations and theory-driven evaluations. Both approaches are discussed, and some pros and cons are listed. Finally, the paper outlines some challenges for future work in the evaluation of criminal justice programs, stressing the importance of combining good designs with both program and social science theories.     

市场经济条件下企业工会工作的难点及其对策

社会主义市场经济有着许多与以往不同的特点和变化,因此,公有制企业也随之发生了重大的变化,面临着空前的机遇和挑战。企业工会组织在新的形势下,必须与时俱进,知难而上,采取对策,从而发挥工会组织应有的积极作用。     

A Way With Words

正Language service providers in China face staunch challenges in terms of pricing and quality controlIn an era of globalization,the language ser-vice industry has become an indispensable support factor for cross-border trade and corporate overseas expansion.In fact,the language service industry has far exceeded the scope of translation and interpre-tation and become a major part of the global     

Hard and Fast on the Path of Reform

正Over the past 35 years,China’s socio-economic development has relied on reform and opening-up.Now,the country is confronting conundrums,risks and challenges in its course of development.The only way to ensure sustained and healthy socio-economic development is to deepen reform and opening-up.2014 marks a new era of comprehensively deepening reforms at several levels:     

TTCSP Director James G. McGann Visits CIIS

正On October 27,2014,James G.McGann,director of University of Pennsylvania's Think Tanks and Civil Societies Program(TTCSP),paid a visit to the China Institute of International Studies and delivered a speech titled"The Trend of Global Development and Its Influences on China's Think Tanks".CIIS Vice-President Ruan Zongze chaired     

Dishonest Government: Local Government Reorganisation,England 2006–2010

‘When I use a word’, Humpty-Dumpty said, in a rather scornful tone, ‘it means just what I choose it to mean – neither more nor less.’ (Lewis Carroll, Through the Looking Glass.)

Abstract

The local government reorganisation process introduced by the Labour government in England in the 2006–2010 period is characterised by a range of disturbing characteristics, in particular the misuse of the English language, the disjunctive between rhetoric and reality and a failure to distinguish between what is ‘lawful’ and what is proper. These claims are justified on the basis of an independent assessment of the government's claims regarding the costs and savings associated with a move to unitary authorities, a review of the court cases involved, which all involved serious criticism of the government's approach, and a critical review of the various contradictory statements made by government ministers during the course of the process. The evidence of the way the government handled the process has serious implications for the way in which public administration needs to be reformed.     

Defending the scientific foundations of the firearms and tool mark identification discipline: responding to recent challenges

Recent challenges have brought the discipline of firearms and tool mark identification to the forefront in recent court cases. This article reviews those challenges and offers substantial support for the scientific foundations of the firearms and tool mark identification discipline. A careful review of the available literature has revealed that firearms and tool mark identification is rooted in firm scientific foundations, critically studied according to the precepts of the scientific method culminating in the Association of Firearms and Toolmark Examiners' Theory of Identification. Firearms and tool mark identification has been validated in a manner appropriate for evidence of the kind to be expected in firearms and tool mark examinations. Proficiency tests and error rates have been studied and can provide consumers of the disciple with a useful guide as to the frequency with which misidentifications are reported in the community using appropriate methodologies and controls. As a result, the primary issues in recent challenges do not invalidate the firearms and tool mark discipline as a science nor should it detract it from its admissibility in a court of law.     

迎接入世对我国教育的挑战

加入世贸组织对我国的教育既是机遇又是挑战, 为迎接挑战, 我们要将教育理念、教育制度、教育管理、教育手段尽快纳入国际轨道, 培养高素质的人才。文中论述了高素质人才的标准, 学校应如何培养高素质人才, 高素质人才培养的社会与家庭的责任。     

The IT Experience: An Example of Change in the Federal Workforce

Abstract

The information technology, or “IT,” functional area has been examined in some detail. This article summarizes the manpower reductions that have occurred in IT and displays the demographic impact (experience, age, educational level, race and gender mix) of these reductions. The author suggests that similar changes may be anticipated, or may have already occurred, in other functional areas that experience personnel reductions. He also reviews some of the management challenges this poses.