印尼山口洋的客家人——海外客家人的社会变迁之一

印尼是海外华人最多的一个国家。在印尼的华人中,客家人约占了30-40%,因此,也可以说印尼是海外客家人最多的一个国家。印尼的客家人,尤其是聚居在印尼外岛地区的客家人,虽然在海外已经生活了几代人甚至十几代人,但仍然保留了比较浓重的客家人特征,或者叫客家特性。本文主要探讨居住在山口洋市的客家人的社会变迁和文化适应,探究他们的生活方式,研究这里的客家人与其他华人的差别。     

民国时期争取女子财产继承权的社会思潮与观念变迁

清末民国时期,男女平等思想发展、传统宗族制度衰落以及现代婚姻家庭继承理论和思潮的传播,促成了中国传统女子财产继承权的近代嬗变。在这一特殊的历史时期,争取女子财产继承权的社会思潮和观念变迁巨大。     

论法律变迁的价值指向——从户籍制度改革切入

法律的产生和变迁是为了提高社会合作效率,获取更多收益。法律变迁通过降低交易成本、外部收益内部化的具体价值目标,追求整体和长远效率。为了提高合作效率,法律还必须保障公平。法律变迁也是公平与效率由分离走向统一的过程。我国目前进行的户籍制度改革,以及与此相关联的其他制度改革都可以反映出法律变迁追求的价值。     

机采冰冻血小板保存质量指标变化分析

目的:本文通过对30袋机采冰冻血小板-80℃保存120天内质量指标变化,为冰冻血小板有效保存提供理论参考依据。方法:用美国克利夫兰生产的Research二甲基亚砜(DMSO)为冰冻保护剂,-80℃冰冻保存血小板120天,于20、40、80、120天进行计数,分别检测:聚集率、粘附功能、Ⅲ因子活性质量指标、输注后CCI值与冰冻前新鲜血小板进行比较,并随机抽取不同保存时期每样中1份冰冻血小板进行无菌试验。结果:- 80℃保存120天内各时期冰冻血小板的Ⅲ因子活性与新鲜血小板相比差异无显著性(P>0.05);冰冻血小板计数、粘附功能、聚集率与新鲜血小板相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),但保存120天内的各时期回收率平均为84.1%,均大于70%。无菌试验均无细菌生长。结论:血小板-80℃冰冻保存120天内进行临床应用是可行的。     

我国民主政治发展的路径依赖及路向选择——基于路径依赖理论的分析视角

从路径依赖理论的视角来考察,我国民主政治的发展在取得诸多成就的同时,也存在着思想观念、民主制度体系、民主组织行为等方面的非良性路径依赖,阻碍了我国民主政治的发展。加快我国民主政治发展必须打破非良性的路径依赖,实现路径替代,需要在更新民主观念、深化市场经济体制改革、推进政治体制改革、以及扩大公民有序政治参与等方面做出努力。     

浅议淫秽物品犯罪的界定

淫秽物品犯罪是指走私、制作、贩卖、传播淫秽物品的行为以及组织进行淫秽表演的行为。这类犯罪侵犯了我国社会风尚中的善良性风尚和性道德。尽管不同国家 (地区 )在不同的时期受到宗教、文化传统、意识形态等因素的影响对某物品是否为淫秽物品的认识存在着差异 ,但淫秽物品最终还是进入人们道德评价、法律评价的视野。     

Preliminary results of an investigation on postmortem variations in human skeletal mass of buried bones

Extreme fragmentation can complicate the inventory of human skeletal remains. In such cases, skeletal mass can provide information regarding skeleton completeness and the minimum number of individuals. For that purpose, several references for skeletal mass can be used to establish comparisons and draw inferences regarding those parameters. However, little is known about the feasibility of establishing comparisons between inherently different materials, as is the case of curated reference skeletal collections and human remains recovered from forensic and archaeological settings. The objective of this paper was to investigate the effect of inhumation, weather and heat exposure on the skeletal mass of two different bone types. This was investigated on a sample of 30 human bone fragments (14 trabecular bones and 16 compact bones) that was experimentally buried for two years after being submitted to one of four different heat treatments (left unburned; 500?°C; 900?°C; 1000?°C). Bones were exhumed periodically to assess time-related mass variation. Skeletal mass varied substantially, decreasing and increasing in accordance to the interchanging dry and wet seasons. However, trends were not the same for the two bone types and the four temperature thresholds. The reason for this appears to be related to water absorption and to the differential heat-induced changes in bone microporosity, volume, and composition. Our results suggest that mass comparisons against published references should be performed only after the skeletal remains have been preemptively dried from exogenous water.     

An Aquatic Decomposition Scoring Method to Potentially Predict the Postmortem Submersion Interval of Bodies Recovered from the North Sea

This study aimed to develop an aquatic decomposition scoring (ADS) method and investigated the predictive value of this method in estimating the postmortem submersion interval (PMSI) of bodies recovered from the North Sea. This method, consisting of an ADS item list and a pictorial reference atlas, showed a high interobserver agreement (Krippendorff's alpha ≥ 0.93) and hence proved to be valid. This scoring method was applied to data, collected from closed cases—cases in which the postmortal submersion interval (PMSI) was known—concerning bodies recovered from the North Sea from 1990 to 2013. Thirty‐eight cases met the inclusion criteria and were scored by quantifying the observed total aquatic decomposition score (TADS). Statistical analysis demonstrated that TADS accurately predicts the PMSI (p < 0.001), confirming that the decomposition process in the North Sea is strongly correlated to time.     

上颌中切牙牙根直径及根管管径与年龄的关系

目的探讨汉族人上颌中切牙牙根直径及根管管径与年龄的关系。方法 2014年11月~2015年11月间,在一家三甲医院数据库中选择420例汉族人的口腔锥形束CT资料,根据年龄将所有研究对象分为6个组别(8~12岁、13~17岁、18~22岁、23~27岁、28~32岁、33~37岁,每组70例,男女各15例。对所有研究对象上颌中切牙牙根直径及根管管径进行测量,取釉牙骨质界距根尖3/4处,分析上颌中切牙牙根直径及根管管径与年龄的关系,比较男女上颌中切牙牙根直径。结果男性与女性上颌中切牙牙根直径比较具有差异显著性(P0.05);男性与女性上颌中切牙牙根管径比较具有差异显著性(P0.05);男性与女性上颌中切牙牙根直径与牙根管径之比比较具有差异显著性(P0.05);不同性别间上颌中切牙牙根直径与牙根管径之比与年龄具有一定的相关性(R~2=0.623,P0.05)。结论汉族人上颌中切牙牙根直径及根管管径与年龄的变化具有相关性,且男性根管管径减小趋势比女性更高。     

作为海上货物运输合同证明之提单的功能异化

航运经济基础的变化和合同概念的历史变迁等诸多因素使然,作为一种为立法所明确的功能,提单是海上货物运输合同的证明这一功能正在得到修正。在特定的条件下,提单就是海上货物运输合同。这就是提单的功能异化。这必然促使我国现行立法关于提单功能的界定发生变化。