Revolutions: a twenty-first-century perspective

Abstract

We held the ‘Revolutions’ conference in 2017 to commemorate the Russian Revolution and redeem the actual record of revolutions in the Third World for the left. A quarter-century after the demise of the USSR, we found liberal capitalist triumphalism unwarranted. Two of the most important expectations to which it gave rise – that the world had become ‘unipolar’ and that it would enjoy a ‘peace dividend’ – remained unfulfilled. Instead, the world became multipolar and the West, led by the United States, engaged in unprecedented economic and military aggression against countries that contested its power. If this were not enough, social unrest and explosions in the First World as well as the Third underlined the relevance of revolutions. To trace their lineage, we recall capitalism’s intimate relation with revolution. It has needed revolutions to usher it into history and to usher it out. In addition to revolutions against developed capitalism, we also underline how important and necessary revolutions against nascent capitalism in various parts of the world have been. The contributions in this volume explore different parts of this lineage and vivify revolutions for our time.     

马来中产阶级与马来西亚非政府组织关系探讨

在马来西亚，中产阶级作为一支有影响力的力量主要形成于二战后，特别是新经济政策实施后的经济高速发展时期。马来中产阶级参与到国家政治和社会生活的各个层面。本文在分析现代马来中产阶级产生原因和过程的基础上，选取巴生流域（Klang Valley），省城哥打吝鲁（Kota Bharu）和瓜拉丁加奴（Kuala Terengganu）3地的马来中产阶级对消费、环保、职业、居民和宗教这5类非政府组织的参与情况为重点分析对象。研究发现，马来中产阶级参与宗教、居民和职业组织的比例高于其他组织。几乎有三分之一的被调查者参与宗教和居民组织；五分之一参与了职业组织；参与其他组织，如消费者组织和环保组织的比例比较低。在大城市和省城，马来中产阶级对非政府组织的参与也有差别。     

按身体素质编班进行警体教学的思考

目前公安院校基本采用按学生所在专业班为教学班的形式进行警体教学 ,给警体课的教学工作带来一些负面影响。采用按学生身体素质编班进行警体教学的形式能有效地解决好目前教学中存在的一些问题 ,提高教学质量。     

大班英语教学的几点建议

大班英语教学具有一定的弊端,但是在中国,大班英语教学仍是一种普遍的现象。因此,本文旨在分析大班英语教学的共同因素和特殊困难,就大班英语教学的主要原则和基本策略,提出自己的一些见解以改善大班英语教学。     

Theory, Practice and'External Actors'in the Making of New Urban Social Movements in Brazil

Abstract – Spontaneity and authenticity have often been key words in the analysis of the'new urban social movements'that emerged in Brazil in the course of the 1970s. The movement discourse was often taken at face value and the involvement of other than'popular'institutional and social actors tended to be concealed. Though in some analyses attention has been directed to the role of the Catholic Church and other institutional actors, very little has been said about the personnel involved and their class position. This article focuses on the latter aspect and in this manner draws attention to the role of segments of the emerging new middle classes in the social construction of the movements. It is argued that processes of professional affirmation in the context of the political conjuncture of the democratisation process contributed to a radical politicisation of segments of the emerging new middle classes. Such processes were related to the theoretical reflection on the new movements and the emergence of a'militant perspective in research'which imbricated with the development of grassroots activism, amplified its impact, and furthered expectations over its role in the democratisation process. It thus contributed to the shaping of the movements. With the return to civilian rule and the changing configuration of state-society relations the relations between middle class and popular grassroots activism changed and this initially reflected in disenchanted accounts of the new movements and their failure to live up to expectations. Analysis of such processes provides an insight into the epistemo-politics of research and theory production on social movements.     

马克思主义阶级阶层分析的光辉典范--毛泽东《中国社会各阶级的分析》读后

毛泽东在领导中国革命的过程中,高度关注中国社会阶级阶层及其关系的新变化,及时地进行科学的理论概括.通过阶级分析,毛泽东为我党制定新民主主义革命的总路线奠定了基础;通过阶层分析,又为我党制定新民主主义革命的不同时期或不同方面的具体路线奠定了基础.这种分析法对今天我们认识社会主义社会的阶级阶层结构仍有现实意义.     

以胡锦涛同志为总书记的党中央“促进阶层关系和谐”思想的重要意义

和谐社会是一个社会结构合理的社会,构建社会主义和谐社会,最根本的就是要协调各阶层、各社会群体的利益关系,形成各社会阶层之间良性的、公正合理的互动结构.以胡锦涛同志为总书记的党中央,立足于建设社会主义和谐社会的重大战略任务,十分关注和重视社会各阶级阶层的关系,强调要“促进阶层关系和谐”.科学地认识、分析和处理当前我国的阶级阶层关系,促进我国社会各阶层关系的和谐,对于构建有助于社会稳定和发展的阶层结构形态,进一步保持和促进我国的政治稳定和经济社会持续健康发展,具有十分重要的意义.