预期违约与不安抗辩权比较研究--兼评我国《合同法》第68、69、94和108条的立法缺失

英美法系的预期违约制度与大陆法系的不安抗辩权制度都是为了防止一方当事人先期违约而设立的,两种制度在各自法系的实践中都取得了相应的司法实效。但现在看来,预期违约制度相对来说比不安抗辩权制度更为完善。我国《合同法》同时规定两种制度,这种立法例的成败得失值得研究。将两种功能相同的制度规定在同一部法律中,显得重叠与矛盾,故建议修改现行《合同法》,废除不完善的不安抗辩权制度,只规定预期违约制度为宜,实现合同法的效益、安全、公平的价值。     

Citizen Redress in Public Contracting for Human Services

This article examines from a regulatory perspective the legal position of citizens in respect of contracted out human services. It argues that the inadequate protection of individual interests and the public interest here is a reflection of increasingly complex relationships between the state and independent sectors, expressed in the essentially hybrid character of contemporary public service organisation. Accordingly a hybrid reform strategy, rather than one that attempts to extend or develop private or public law in any particular direction, is most likely to be successful in addressing associated legal governance problems. The attainment of improved redress for service recipients, and increased accountability of contractors and other parties engaged in human services networks, requires the careful tailoring of remedies to the conditions prevailing in particular sectors. The goal of responsive law should be to foster qualities of good administration and respect for fundamental public interest values within the whole range of regulated agencies and bodies performing public service functions.     

关于行政公益诉讼的思考

传统的行政诉讼只针对法律保护的权利受侵害的相对人,这样当行政行为危及社会公共利益时,利害关系人便无法通过司法手段矫正行政行为。从保护权利与公益角度出发,在综合参考其他国家的行政公益诉讼制度的基础上,应完善建立行政公益诉讼的理论基础,以在我国建构该制度。     

公民身份意识释论

公民意识的核心源于公民对自己的身份———公民的认识。缺乏对公民身份的认识 ,就不会产生相应的公民意识 ;模糊了公民身份与其他身份 ,就会迷失公民意识。一个国家的国民只有具备了完整的公民意识 ,才能成为合格的公民。只有国民普遍具备了完整的公民意识和公民性格 ,成熟的有自治能力的公民社会才能建立。     

浅论中国现代化对公民素质的要求

公民意识作为社会意识的一种表现形式,不仅直接表明了一个国家精神文明的程度,而且对经济建设、民主法制建设有着重大的促进作用。构建社会主义和谐社会目标的实现,需要我国社会大力培育现代公民的主体意识、权利意识、责任意识、法律意识和道德意识。     

现阶段我国公民政策参与问题探析

公民政策参与是公民影响公共政策过程的行为,其受到诸多因素的影响。改革开放以来,我国公民政策参与状况有了长足的进展,表现在参与的过程、动机、功能、途径和方式等多个方面,但同时仍有许多问题存在。因此,需要从公民自身条件的改善、政策系统的优化、参与途径的制度化、参与平台的基层化、参与手段的现代化等多个方面加以改进。     

价值、难点与路径：对公众参与政府绩效评估的思考

通过分析公众参与政府绩效评估的重要价值,认清当前公众参与政府绩效评估存在的困境和难点,探索出一条公众参与政府绩效评估的有效路径,是建立科学、可行的公众参与政府绩效评估的系统体系,进一步推进我国政治民主化、行政民主化的进程,提升我国政府绩效的必要保障。     

公民政策参与的功能分析

公民政策参与是指公民参与和影响公共政策过程的行为和活动。公民政策参与对于实现民主价值、保障公民权利,维护和增强政府合法性,保证政策的科学制定和顺利执行,保证政策的公共价值和提高公共服务的品质和效能等方面都有重要的积极意义。但公民政策参与并不必然对所有方面的政策问题解决都带来积极的效果,它也可能会使政策的质量、成本、利益取向以及政府效率和权威方面产生问题。重要的是要把握好“度”,尽可能地因势利导,使其扬长避短。     

权力本位:司法解释权运行状况之分析

中国司法解释权的运行具有明显的权力本位特征:强权、越权和集权。要改变这种状况,可从三个方面着手:在国家权力与公民权利之间,奉行权利本位;在国家权力与国家权力之间,实行权力制约;在权力意志与审判经验之间,注重知识积累。     

Competence, Self-esteem, and Coping Efficacy as Mediators of Ecological Risk and Depressive Symptoms in Urban African American and European American Youth

Structural equation modeling was used to test [Sandler, American Journal of Community Psychology 29: 19–61.] a theoretical model of risk and resilience in an urban sample of African American and European American adolescents. The aims of the present study were to examine whether self-system processes (i.e., competence, self-esteem, and coping efficacy) mediated the relations between ecological risk and depressive symptoms and to determine if pathways varied across ethnic/racial groups. Results implicate self-esteem as a putative mediator of the impact of ecological risk on depressive symptoms for both African American and European American youth. In addition, coping efficacy was a mediator of the link between ecological risk and depressive symptoms for African American youth, but not for European American youth. The evidence supporting competence as a significant mediator of the relation between ecological risk and depressive symptoms was less compelling. Findings suggest substantial similarities in the pathways between ecological risk and depressive symptoms across African American and European American youth.