转型时期地方政府决策行为分析

转型时期,地方政府的决策行为在不同领域具有不同特点,影响因素主要来自职能与角色定位、法律与政策、利益与官员素质、任期与资历、信息与监督等方面,为此,必须通过界定地方政府的决策权力边界,规范决策程序,公开决策过程,加强决策监督,让地方政府在决策时正确地做事,做正确的事。     

Inter-parliamentary relations in the United Kingdom: devolution’s undiscovered country?

Since 1997, the United Kingdom’s territorial constitution has undergone an immense process of change and has resulted in the establishment of separate legislatures and governments for the peoples of Scotland, Wales and, when Stormont is operational, Northern Ireland. These changes have spawned a whole series of relationships between the institutions of the devolved UK, at executive, legislature and civil service levels. However, while intergovernmental relations has been the subject of repeated debate, there has been little attempt to document and examine the way in which the UK’s four legislatures interact with one another, post-devolution. To the extent that these interactions, otherwise known as inter-parliamentary relations (IPR), have been the subject of scrutiny, it has been largely to bemoan their modest state and/or to suggest that stronger, albeit occasionally rather unelaborated, mechanisms be established. This article seeks to correct this deficit and provide a first step towards a clearer understanding of IPR in the UK, post-devolution. The article breaks the different levels of IPR down into three main strands: (1) parliament-parliament, (2) committee-committee and (3) official-official, and suggests that the main interactions that take place at each of these levels. Following this audit, the article concludes by highlighting the role that shared policy competence (a field that is set to grow with the UK’s withdrawal from the European Union) has played in driving IPR in the UK, post-devolution, and suggests some steps that may be taken to enhance IPR in the future.     

‘A Sick,Weak, and Ignorant People’: Public Health Education and Prevention in Rural Colombia, 1930–1940

This article analyses Salud y Sanidad (Health and Sanitation), a government journal edited in 1930s Colombia. It examines the state's model of public health, which proposed education and prevention as strategies to guarantee the success of its programmes. It argues that despite the journal's more progressive approaches, editors and contributors reproduced stereotypes about Colombia's rural inhabitants that contradicted state rhetoric and showed the limits of public health models that do not address the underlying social inequities that drive the propagation of poverty and disease in rural areas, and that ultimately continued to blame victims for their illness and misfortune     

论工会在全面深化改革中的角色选择

我国正处在经济社会转型期,全面深化改革的力度不断加大,城镇化、工业化、信息化的深入推进,职工队伍构成、职工的从业形态日趋多样,职工利益诉求更加多元,职工特别是青年职工诉求个性化趋势越来越明显,迫切需要工会组织进一步明确自身的角色定位,找准围绕中心、服务大局、展示作为的着力点,努力做好维权和服务工作。     

Wild property and its boundaries – on wildlife policy and rural consequences in South Africa

Against the backdrop of post-Apartheid neoliberal reform, South African landowners have gained the option to acquire full ownership over wild animals on their land. Corresponding with this, approximately one sixth of South Africa's total land has been ‘game-fenced’ and converted for wildlife-based production (i.e. hunting, ecotourism, live trade and venison production). This article analyzes the institutional process in which authority concerning access to wildlife is being restructured, and argues that the unfolding property regime leads to an intensified form of green grabbing. To demonstrate this, the article singles out three particular wildlife policy institutions which make clear (a) how private property rights to wildlife are negotiated and implemented, (b) how wildlife ownership is firmly interlocked with land ownership, (c) how natural entities are being converted to robust political and economical assets, and (d) what social consequences this has for rural South Africa.     

社会管理创新与社区青年工作发展路径探析——以广州市兴华街兴青年项目为例

青年是社会管理创新的参与者和受益者,创新社会管理格局应重视青年工作,调动一切有利于青年发展、社会和谐的积极因素。基层社区经过一年多的实践,探索以下三条路径引导青年参与和服务社会:有效配置资源、实现资源整合、聚焦青年发展;党建创新、多方合力、青年服务项目成果初现;青年微组织带动、多元主体共建共享、创新社会服务模式。借此努力形成社区关爱青年,青年服务社会格局。     

La ñata contra el vidrio: urban violence and democratic governability in Argentina

The article argues that the increase in crime and urban violence in Argentina, especially in Buenos Aires, can be explained as an outcome of the interaction of four factors: the new social relations established by neoliberalism; the incapacity of the state to resolve the social conflicts which have arisen from these new social relations; the failure to democratise the security forces; and the exclusion of a sector of society from the rights of effective democratic citizenship. The increase in crime and urban violence is, thus, analysed as a problem of governability.     

产权制度改革与职工董事、监事制度

国有经济布局结构的调整和国有企业的战略性改组 ,必须依托已建立了现代企业制度的企业去完成。这不可避免地要涉及企业微观基础的再造。其核心内容是产权制度改革和劳动关系变化。工会作为劳动关系的产物 ,必将面临新的机遇和挑战 ,而推进和完善职工董事和监事制度 ,是新形势下工会工作必须加强的一项重要任务。作者重点分析了企业产权制度改革的内容和实质 ,提出 :工会 ,以及主要代表职工合法权益的职工董事、监事 ,要更好地发挥作用 ,必须转变观念 ,摆正位置 ,抓住重点 ,提高素质。     

建构城市管理市场机械模式的探讨—深圳市宝安区城市管理机构改革若干问题思

借鉴西方国家政府行政管理改革的成功经验,提出调整政府的城管职能,实行政事分开,引入竞争机制,加快社会化改革是推进城市管理体制改革的关键.     

高校工会：转型期的诉求责难与制度改造

高校工会作为职工权益的法定"代言人",基本职责是维护广大职工的合法权益。但在国家主导下的市场化改革中,其"代言人"资格却饱受职工权益诉求的责难,并不得不接受职工群体性的民意检验。在当前国家市场化专营并未得以完成的局面下,高校工会的社会定位依然依赖于国家的观念性和制度性输出。伴随着此种转型前景的日趋明朗,尤其是高校"去行政化"的趋势,高校将来的属性可能更为类似与当前国有企业,届时高校工会的定位也将发生适应性的转变。而这一切的实现将依赖于国家对目前工会"双重受托"属性的制度改造。未来的高校工会应当成为职工权益的代言人。