Application of the clinical polygraph examination to the assessment,treatment and monitoring of sex offenders

Abstract

Post Conviction Clinical Polygraph Examination Testing (Lie Detector Testing) offers significant opportunities for assessing, treating and monitoring sex offenders. This article briefly reviews the historical development of polygraph techniques including the physiological measures employed, the administration of the polygraph and the interpretation of data collected. Criticisms of polygraphy are explored and information concerning the scientific acceptability of these procedures is given. The current influence of polygraphy in sex offender work is reviewed. Evidence is given of the utility of polygraphy in reducing denial, improving treatment outcomes and more effectively supervising sex offenders on probation or license. Cost benefit considerations are examined, as well as the need for further controlled research and future regulation of the polygraph, if it is to be introduced in Britain. Planned UK Trials are described.     

Popperian Peacebuilding,Policing and the Liberal Peace

Abstract

In light of the quarrelling between advocates and critics of the liberal peacebuilding agenda, this article calls for the adoption of a ‘Popperian’ approach. This approach would be one that seeks to identify and address the greatest evils to fundamental liberal principles rather than undertaking swift and sweeping liberalization projects. Tolerance is therefore advocated in all matters that fall outside of this remit in order to temper the current zeal displayed by the liberal peacebuilding agenda. The article then considers how Popperian approaches and the ideal of tolerance were lacking in the case of peacebuilding in the security sector in Timor-Leste. In failing to ensure a clear separation of police and military forces that are apolitical, loyal to the state and professional in serving the liberal democratic polity, for example, international actors inadvertently allowed a ‘great evil’ to emerge. Rather than being distracted and diluted by a sweeping range of goals, international actors should seek to work from these fundamental concepts and be prepared to negotiate on less urgent matters.     

African American and Latino Youth and Post-Traumatic Stress Syndrome

Abstract

Post-Traumatic Stress Syndrome (PTSD) is found more frequently in inner-city African American and Latino youth than in European American youth. Previous research on PTSD and its relationship with inner-city violence, minority youth, school violence and institutionalized oppression is examined. School counselor's roles and possible interventions are discussed and an interdisciplinary collaborative model for helping students with PTSD is introduced.     

Juvenile Female Arrests

Abstract

This paper elaborates on feminist theory using Emerson's (1983) notion of holistic effects. We propose that the processing of juvenile female status offenders may vary systematically with the level of sex crimes in a community. This hypothesis is tested using a time series analysis of monthly status arrests in a Midwestern city. Our models indicate a significant increase in female status arrests at one “intervention” point, but no changes were found for male status arrest levels. We conclude that heterogeneity of processing of female offenders within single jurisdictions is an important avenue for future theoretical and empirical exploration.     

浅谈社区矫正若干问题——兼论人民法院在社区矫正中的作用

社区矫正在全国部分省、市的开展,标志着我国刑罚改革的重要进步。但在实践中,由于法律规定缺失或者过于粗疏,已越来越困扰社区矫正的正常开展,随着试点时间的增长,如果没有明确的法律支持,社区矫正工作将面临更大的困难。本文对社区矫正的部分立法问题及人民法院在社区矫正中的作用进行探讨,以期对推动这项工作有所裨益。     

基于两岸四地警务合作的警学研讨话语体系之建构

两岸四地警学研讨机制需要梳理、研究和改进,科学建构警学研讨话语体系是系统解决相关问题的重要条件。可通以过规划话语主题,整合合作目标;巩固话语基础,营造合作环境;构建话语平台,推动合作深入;形成话语成果,促进推广应用,使两岸四地警学研讨在更广阔的领域有更科学、持久的发展,为深化两岸四地警务合作和促进经济社会繁荣稳定服务。     

论新时期我国城中村治安纠纷的正当解决——以建设和谐警民关系为视角

城中村是工业化与城市化进程中,基于土地的二元所有制结构和城乡二元化社会管理方式所产生的一种社会现象。城中村的村民既生活在城市的街道中,又遵循着乡村的生活法则。二者统一在城市化的进程中,又蕴藏着内在的冲突与矛盾,引起城中村治安纠纷的纷扰与多发。笔者认为,新时期我国城中村治安纠纷具有高发性、突发性与群发性的特点,治安纠纷解决的出发点和立足点应当是化解矛盾,而不是制造斗争。通过促进治安纠纷的合意解决,以实现城中村政治进步、经济发展、社会繁荣,这应成为建设和谐警民关系的基本思路。     

我们需要什么样的社区矫正制度——社区矫正调查报告

剥夺政治权利和缓刑执行难问题,突出反映了我国社区矫正制度存在的问题。本文以实证的方法分析社区矫正制度存在的问题,同时对问题解决的思路进行了探讨。     

The Balanced Approach [Revisited]

The authors of the original Balanced Approach, Dennis Maloney, Dennis Romig, and Troy Armstrong, outlined a philosophy of balanced attention to the principles of community protection/public safety, youth accountability, and competency development through individualized assessment and treatment and holding the system accountable to the community and the youth served. A majority of states’ juvenile code purpose clauses reflect this approach, later known as Balanced and Restorative Justice (BARJ). Presented here are excerpts from the 1988 Juvenile & Family Court Journal issue 39 (3) that first presented the Balanced Approach and a brief overview of key features of juvenile justice at the time to lay a foundation for the other articles in this special issue.     

论美国社区警务的理论与实践

美国的社区警务理论研究成熟、实践经验丰富,是包括中国在内许多国家学习的对象。对美国社区警务产生的背景、主要理论依据、实践内容及评估评价做了细致而深入的分析。以期对我国社区警务建设提供一些新的认识与视角。