公共服务供给机制转型中的公益性岗位研究

我国自2002年起开始施行公益性岗位的政策,这一政策对拓宽就业渠道、缓解失业压力起到了一定的作用。但目前依靠政府进一步开发和购买公益性岗位的难度很大。本文对国内外公共服务供给机制转型进行了比较分析,在此基础上提出以下建议:我国应进一步完善公共服务的供给机制,以社区为平台,通过推动购买服务的方式,调动社会组织服务社区和吸收就业的功能,以推动公益性岗位的增加。     

德国国际私法关于识别的理论和司法实践研究

德国国际私法认为，识别源于对冲突规范所使用之“体系概念”的解释，发生识别冲突的原因在于内、外国实体法存在体系差异，内国实体法体系中存在漏洞，内国实体法和国际私法之间存在体系差异。在识别冲突的解决上，存在法院地说、准据法说和独立识别说等三种主要理论。在德国国际私法的司法实践中，法院地说占据主导地位，但法院在一定程度上也采纳独立识别说，作为法院地说的必要补充。采用独立识别说时，法院一方面要对冲突规范中的体系概念进行广义解释，突破其在内国法律体系中的内涵范围，兼容外国法的相关制度；另一方面要从法律体系、文化背景等方面对外国法制度进行比较法分析，以确定其功能和目的。如果能够确认该外国制度和内国某一体系概念在目的和功能上具有对应性，就可以将该外国制度纳入该概念，从而拓展冲突规范的适用范围，否则就必须发展新的冲突规范加以应对。     

Negotiating peace in Kosovo

We systematically analyze and forecast key developments before and during the Kosovo Crisis. Prior to the air campaign, we anticipated the breakdown of negotiations at Rambouillet and the subsequent initiation of hostilities. Without Russia as a mediator, we predicted that Milosevic would engage in military activity and strengthen his domestic control. As the war was being waged, we took a second look at settlement opportunities. Russia was identified as the key mediator needed to reach a settlement We show that a European‐led settlement offered promising prospects for peace. Finally, we demonstrate that the settlement achieved after the air war was not much different than the settlement that could have been achieved at Rambouillet The settlement on Kosovo offers only short‐term stability. To gain long‐term stability, the Serbians must either agree to the existing ethnic makeup in Kosovo or allow it to be partitioned. Otherwise, conflict in this region will likely revive.     

为何重新解读遗弃罪犯罪构成之实证研究——以转型时期我国社会的发展为视角

我国遗弃罪在新、旧刑法典中的位置相异,这导致刑法理论中关于犯罪构成的解读引起了争论。提倡重新解读的学者们只是基于现有立法现状探讨如何重新解读,而没有探讨其原因。刑事立法、修改、法律解释以及刑法结构的调整必须与经济、社会的发展相适应。在我国转型时期,经济、社会的发展状况是重新解读遗弃罪犯罪构成之原因。     

发展中的冲突与冲突中的发展——论转型时期中国社会意识结构的变化

改革开放以来,伴随着中国在政治和经济上的历史转型,社会意识结构也发生着相应的乃至更为复杂的变化：社会主导意识从“纯而又纯”向“常识”回归,反映着当今的时代精神;社会大众意识在主体性得到增强的同时,出现了多元化趋势。在此情况下,要力求社会和谐发展,主导意识应该、必须且有可能发挥出自己的协调性、导向性作用。     

清代民族边缘地区宗族组织的形成与乡村社会转型——以鄂西南土家族为中心的考察

以鄂西南土家族社区为例考察民族边缘地区的宗族组织,清代中后期,宗族组织在土著大族的基础上正式形成,并呈现出与汉族社会趋同的特征,在乡村社会中发挥着基层控制的作用,体现了民族边缘地区乡村社会转型的进程。     

制约和谐社会构建的法律问题及对策研究

和谐社会不仅是人与人之间、人与社会之间在经济、政治、文化等各个领域的和谐,也是人和自然的和谐,在市场经济体制下以法治为基本方策来构建和谐社会应是最佳选择.应以和谐社会的内涵与特征解读为逻辑起点,从现存法律制度中存在的主要弊端入手,对现存法律问题进行具体分析,进而为构建和谐社会的法律保障提供基本的路径选择.     

胁从犯的不合理性

胁从犯是我国刑法共同犯罪人分类中的一种独特类型。我国刑法按照行为人在共同犯罪中的作用大小将共同犯罪人分为主犯、从犯、胁从犯。无论是从保护人权的角度考虑,还是从立法科学性的视角考量,都应当取消胁从犯的概念,对因受胁迫而实施了危害社会的行为的主体不作罪犯处理。     

Living and Teaching Across Cultures

As long as one lives within the confines of a single culture it is difficult to achieve cross-cultural awareness. Multiculturalism is often simply the tolerance of a dominant culture for minority cultures. Cross-cultural awareness is a state of mind in which one is alert to alternity , the existence of others possessing different and equally valid world views and ways of life. This can be acquired living within or alongside other cultures, when one's own and others' strangeness become readily apparent. Culture shock involves just such a realization. The challenge for the teacher of international relations is to convey the possibility of alternity to students in the classroom. After all, international relations is above all about the interaction between communities possessing separate identities and autonomous wills. The article discusses ways of cultivating cross-cultural awareness, comparing the difficulties of doing so in a society under siege—Israel—with the greater scope available in the cosmopolitan setting of an elite American university.     

The Attlee government and welfare state reforms in post-war Italian Socialism (1945–51): Between universalism and class policies

The purpose of this article is to analyse how the Italian socialist movement viewed the social reforms of the Attlee Labour government introduced just after the Second World War. The intention is to study the extent and limits of the labour influence on Italian socialism. The Labour Party made the re-founding of a new interclass social pact, a universal matter intending to meet the needs of both the working and middle classes. The Italian socialist movement monitored the Labour government’s changes with interest, assessing them from two different perspectives. The reformist wing had a better grasp of the political–ideological implications of Labour’s approach to the welfare state. Vice versa, the majority of the Italian socialists pursued a class socialism and a strong alliance with the Communist Party, rejecting the Labour social policy model. After the split of 1947, however, the two views of Italian socialism failed to develop and implement a political programme for a welfare state based on the British universalistic tendency model. The political weaknesses of Italian socialist organizations in the field of social policy contributed to the characterization of the Italian welfare state in the post-war period and fundamentally delayed its universalistic implementation, at least until the 1960s.