论金融产品销售商的投资者适当性义务

金融产品销售商承担适当性义务需以信赖关系的存在为前提。客户风险承受能力的认定要素应包括主观要素和客观要素。对于主观要素的忽视是导致高估客户风险承受能力的重要原因,可采用木桶短板管理理论进行合理评估。对于金融产品风险等级的确定,司法审判中穿透式认定的做法或有违“尊重专长”原则,通过委托独立的第三方进行重新评估不失为一种解...     

Testing responsive regulation in regulatory enforcement

The policy ideals of responsive regulation have been developed on the basis of substantial empirical evidence. The overall formulation of responsive regulation theory itself, however, has rarely been empirically tested. This article sets out the theoretical concept of responsive regulation in the context of business regulation enforcement and discusses how we might operationalize and empirically measure it. We develop two alternative theoretical interpretations of responsive regulatory enforcement: “tit for tat” responsive regulation and “restorative justice” responsive regulation. We then measure business firms' perceptions of the reactions and counter‐reactions of a regulatory enforcement agency throughout the investigation and enforcement process. We find little evidence of tit for tat responsiveness actually occurring in practice. To the extent that tit for tat responsiveness does exist, we find a small amount of evidence that it has the hypothesized effects on behavior but not on attitudes. We find clearer evidence of restorative justice responsiveness having the hypothesized effects on attitudes but not on behavior.     

论消费者纠纷专门仲裁解决机制的构建

消费者纠纷属于民事纠纷的一种,但其有自己的特点.按照《消费者权益保护法》的规定,消费者纠纷可以通过多元化的解决方式得以化解,但多元化的解决途径其实并不多元化,尤其是具有迅速、便利和准司法性质特点的仲裁机制的作用没有被发掘出来.在分析消费者纠纷各种解决方式的基础上,提出建立消费者纠纷专门仲裁解决机制的若干措施、建议.     

以邓小平为代表的马克思主义消费经济思想研究

以邓小平为代表的马克思主义消费经济思想,是我国改革开放以来的消费指导思想。其核心是在差别消费中走向共同富裕。以邓小平为代表的马克思主义消费经济思想为指导对消费体制进行的一系列改革,引发了我国消费水平的历史性跨越。     

雾里看花:自然人破产之争

是否规定自然人破产,是破产立法过程中争论的一个焦点问题.支持论的各种观点缺乏社会性关注,带有很大程度的臆断性;批判论的分析思路值得肯定但缺乏充分性.自然人具有破产能力属于一个自然法则,但这并不意味着我国现阶段有必要选择自然人制度.是否引进,是一个社会政策性的而不是一个法律技术性的问题.就目前社会经济文化法制条件看,我国还不适宜规定自然人破产特别是消费者破产制度.     

弱势群体法律保护的正当性分析──以消费者为例

在当前构建社会主义和谐社会的背景之下,对弱势群体提供法律保护具有正当性。这种正当性可以通过两个方面来说明,其一是在是法的价值层面上,对弱势群体提供法律是实现实质平等的必然要求;其二是在法的实现层面——诉讼制度的实现所必需。     

Demanding Their Rights? Collective Identity and the Tactics of Older Persons’ Organisations at the UN

ABSTRACT

Recent scholarship in International Relations focuses on the tactics of international non-government organisations and transnational advocacy networks, with scholars mostly explaining the diverse and dynamic tactics of organisations working on similar issues. Based on multiple qualitative data sources, this article explores why the members of a transnational advocacy network, comprising organisations of, and representing, older persons, that are calling for a UN Convention on the Rights of Older Persons adopt tactics that are static, uniform and surprisingly softly-softly, despite their modest gains since the issue was put on the UN’s agenda nine years ago. The article demonstrates many of the existing explanations for tactical choices, but it extends what we know by importing the concept of collective identity from social movement studies. It argues that the older persons’ network has a weak collective identity that is conservative in nature, which influences the tactics deployed at the UN.     

个人信息保护视角下的刑事被遗忘权对应义务研究

信息社会催生出被遗忘权，在刑事司法领域延伸产生了刑事被遗忘权。刑事被遗忘权应受严格限制，研究刑事被遗忘权对应的义务对于理解此种权利有重要意义。刑事被遗忘权对应的义务主体包括刑事诉讼专门机关等国家机关、新闻媒体和社会公众。履行相应义务的法定条件为客观、主观和法律特殊保护等方面的原因使得个人数据的使用不合法或不合理。义务类型包括积极义务和消极义务，其中积极义务以封存和删除为主要内容，消极义务以不采集、不存储、不传递为主要内容。相应义务的履行需遵循特定程序，包括权利主体申请、法院审查与裁判、义务主体履行义务等。为保障义务主体履行对应义务，须设置不履行的违法责任，如民事责任、刑事责任、行政机关及其工作人员的法律责任、国家赔偿责任。     

Decoding Western Festive Season Symbols and Rituals in Marketing Messages: A Bottom of the Pyramid Consumer Study in South Africa

Abstract

This study explored the communication of marketing messages containing traditional, Western festive season symbols and rituals. Specifically, the research sought to understand the decoding of such messages portraying festive season symbols (like Santa Claus and Christmas trees) and rituals, by Afrocentric bottom of the pyramid (BOP) consumers. This qualitative study involved interviews with thirty-one participants in two metropolitan areas in South Africa. The study used a combination of semi-structured interview questions and treatments of two South African television advertisements and two newspaper advertisements depicting Western festive season symbols and rituals. The study revealed a broadly positive sentiment towards the festive season, where festive season activities allow participants to implement their Afrocentric cultural values of unity and collective responsibility. Findings also show that Afrocentric cultural values do affect the decoding of these marketing messages. There was also a variety of responses to marketing messages displaying the symbols of Christmas trees and Santa Claus, which were not common in BOP consumer households. The key recommendation highlighted by this study is that marketing messages communicated to South African BOP consumers should also consider Afrocentric values of unity and collective responsibility.     

论消费者保护法之定位及立法方式

基于消法有特定的调整对象和在现实中的重要性,应将其定位于民法范畴,属于民事特别法,并有必要从经济法中分离出来,而且鉴于其诸多的特殊性,应类比知识产权予以单独立法。