论我国立法中的惩罚性赔偿制度

惩罚性赔偿 ,是加害人给付受害人的实际损失之外的金钱赔偿。本文在评析我国现行立法的基础上 ,提出如下主张 :如将其适用范围扩充 ;在对行为人的主观恶性的要求上 ,要包括欺诈、重大过失下的不实陈述、滥用权利等恶劣心态 ;就惩罚性赔偿的数额 ,应无上限规定 ,而应由法官结合具体情况予以自由裁量。     

消费者的知情权

在信息社会中 ,知情权日益受到人们的重视。消费者的知情权是消费者权利体系中的基础性权利。消费者与生产者、经营者之间的信息不对称是法律赋予消费者知情权的原因。知情权作为确立消费者人格的基础 ,除了要求生产者、经营者履行信息披露义务之外 ,还要求政府的积极保护 ,实现对消费风险的事先控制 ,从而更好地保护消费者。     

系统法学视域下的金融消费者法律保护——以结构要素分析中美制度

在全球金融危机的影响犹在之时,对金融消费者充分保护的重要性愈来愈突显出来。本文以系统法学的视域下结构要素为切入点,审视对金融消费者的法律保护,通过讨论美国在金融消费者保护领域的制度安排及改革,反思中国当前对于金融消费者保护的不足之处,探寻保护金融消费者的有效途径。     

防范消费卡式消费合同风险的法律对策

当今,消费卡式消费合同日渐走入消费者的日常生活,其消费行为的稳定、简便、时尚吸引了众多商家和消费者,但由于缺乏相应的法律监管,给一些不法商家提供了可乘之机,侵害了消费者的合法权益。因此,应加强对消费卡式消费合同的法律监管,明确规范消费卡的发行、使用以及资金安全保障等方面的行为,防范消费卡式消费合同的风险,从而更好地保护消费者的合法权益。     

著作权正当性的危机与出路

在著作权利益集团主导的著作权体制下,著作权成为直接控制消费者的工具以及创作自由与网络技术发展的障碍,从而造成著作权侵权成为一种常态社会现象的危机。只有坚持每一种新生的著作权客体与权利都经过充分的正当性论证、构建以维护创作自由与网络技术发展以及不以消费者为直接控制对象的权利与权利限制制度,才能使已经发生或正在发生的对著作权正当性的偏离得到回归。     

《消费者权益保护法》的惩罚性赔偿原则及条款——以新《消法》修正案通过为背景

1994年《消费者权益保护法》实施以来,法学研究者、社会民众、执法人员等对惩罚性赔偿制度的讨论持有热情,对该制度的司法适用也一直是难点和疑点。《消费者权益保护法》修正案对惩罚性赔偿的修改具有进步意义,但并没有终结对该问题的讨论。以《消费者权益保护法》修正案通过为背景在适用范围、主观要件和赔偿额等方面的讨论仍有空间。     

Specialized Domestic Violence Courts

Abstract

The multimethod study assesses the perceptions of specialized domestic violence courts' processes with victims' experiences as the central focus. Perceptions of the traditional courts and specialized domestic violence courts are compared among victims, courtroom police, attorneys, judges and victim advocates. Domestic violence education among attorneys, judges, and victim advocates is also compared. Despite the intended improvements with the specialized court model, victims report similar problems in both court models. Safety and victims support among respondents is mixed. Professionals from the specialized court receive no more domestic violence education than those from the general court. Victims' and courtroom police recommendations are presented.     

试论《食品安全法》中关于消费者权益保护的欠缺

消费者是食品链中最大的群体。《食品安全法》的立法之本是为了保护消费者的安全,但是《食品安全法》在消费者权益保护方面却存在很多问题,比如,食品安全概念的狭隘,某些法条难以实施,与其它法律之间互相矛盾等。本文分析了《食品安全法》关于消费者权益保护的欠缺之处,并提出了修改建议。食品药品监督管理总局的成立及食品安全监管部门职能的调整改变了以前分段管理的模式,《食品安全法》要做相应的修改。希望在《食品安全法》的修订过程中可以加强对消费者权益的保护,增加该法的实用性。     

Advocacy Coalition for Historic Preservation in the U.S.: Changes in Motivations

As the policy discussions of historic preservation have become complicated in recent years, the advocacy for the use of heritage is now even more important, and the number of coalitions for promoting the economic value of heritage has been on the rise. This research provides a historical view of the development of advocacy coalition networks that actively pursue the benefits of heritage resources. Through this context, the article then examines a case study of the Wheeling National Heritage Area. The case exemplifies the framework of how coalition networks can provide the structure necessary to push preservation policy in government.     

The Defining Elements of Advocacy Coalitions: Continuing the Search for Explanations for Coordination and Coalition Structures

As the theoretical and practical interest in policy networks increases, so does the need for further research into how, and based on what rationales, actors within a policy subsystem engage in interorganizational collective action and form political coalitions. The aim of this paper is to continue the search for explanations for coordination and coalition structures in the setting of Swedish carnivore policy. Based on the Advocacy Coalition Framework (ACF) and a previous case study within the same policy subsystem, the study investigates a set of hypotheses regarding actors' coordinating behavior and the defining elements of coalitions. The empirical analysis indicates, in support of the ACF, that perceived belief correspondence is a better predictor of coordination than perceived influence. Moreover, the explanatory power of empirical policy core beliefs in general, and normative policy core beliefs in particular, is further reinforced, while deep core beliefs seemingly do not influence coalition structure. The relevance of more shallow beliefs for coalition formation cannot be dismissed and therefore calls for additional research.