以双师型师资培养为基础的产学研合作方式探析

产学研合作是高职院校双师型师资队伍培养的重要途径。我院在试点专业师资队伍建设中,遵循校局联盟、合作办学的指导思想,与行业一起开发出多种产学研合作的途径,以提高教师的实践教学能力,并在实践中提出了资源互补、利益互惠和制度约束的产学研合作新思路。     

合作司法:司法公信力的社会治理谱系——基于福柯权力谱系学的展开

司法公信力是司法的生命力所在,也是全面深化改革在司法领域中的着力点。构筑司法公信力需要从社会治理高度对司法运作机制以重新审视。合作司法是社会治理谱系下从管理向治理转变在司法中的体现。降低司法成本和实践司法公正是合作司法实践路径中的两个向度,统筹两者是合作司法之于司法公信力的意蕴所在。     

Die Prämienverbilligung im Krankenversicherungsgesetz: Vollzugsföderalismus und sekundäre Harmonisierung

Subject of the report is the question about factors of influence on the development of a common policy between the cantons in implementing the subsidizing of contributions to health insurance of persons living in modest economic circumstances. It clearly appears that this so‐called secondary harmonization in the first place has been pushed by the concretization of the executive program by the federal administration. Secondly, the influence of various forms of horizontal cooperation is mentioned, which facilitated the exchange of information and reflection between the cantons and promoted the development of a common model for a solution. Thirdly, the paper refers to the role of the evaluation, in which a comparative analysis of the sociopolitical effectiveness of the cantonal implementation systems was made. This studies induced a number of cantons to make adaptations. In spite of all tendencies towards harmonization, however, the cantonal implementation systems still differ greatly also in this public policy. This fact is explained by fundamentally differing policy cores as well as by the varying extent to which information required for the implementation of subsidizing contributions is available in the cantons.     

交易成本与区域经济合作

交易成本对国家间的经济合作具有重要影响。区域经济合作的实质是区域内不同主体之间的权利交换,即交易。合作制度是对交易条件的相关规定。合作制度的选择,也就是现有条件下的交易成本最小化选择。区域的具体特点不同,相互之间所需的交易条件不一样,合作制度也不一样。     

First‐Hand Experience and Second‐Hand Information: Changing Trust across Three Levels of Government

Little is known about how different sources of information drive citizen trust in government. To address that gap this article compares disaster evacuees to observers, noting how trust differs as attention to media coverage increases. First‐hand experience supplies information to update trust through biological and personal processes and performance assessments, while secondary sources provide information about other people's experiences, filtered through lenses that take an active role in crafting information. These two types of information have varying effects depending on the level of government being trusted. Using surveys administered a year after Hurricane Katrina, I find that Katrina evacuees have the highest trust in federal government, until they start paying attention to media coverage, and that attention to coverage has the most dramatic effect on these evacuees compared to all other groups. I also find that increasing attention to second‐hand information corresponds with higher trust in local officials, and that this effect decreases as the level of government increases. It appears media coverage creates a comparison in the mind of hurricane evacuees, causing them to update their performance assessments based on comparing their own experience to that which they observe, thereby updating their political trust.     

我国农村合作基金会法律制度检讨

农村合作基金会缘起于农村社区对生产资金的需要及现行农村金融系统不能予以充分满足的合力。农村合作基金会在运行中的失误曾造成农村金融体系的振荡 ,但其主要原因并非源于该制度设计本身 ,反而恰恰是其运行背离该制度设计的结果。因之 ,我们对农村合作基金会不能因噎废食 ,简单地取缔了事 ,而更应该使该制度周详、完善 ,以规范、矫正农村合作基金会的运行 ,达成设立该制度的初衷。     

From Development to Empowerment: The Self-Employed Women's Association in India

Since the 1970s, development experts have increasingly focused on how development policies and strategies affect women in developing countries. In recent years, the emphasis has included empowerment, which increases women's decision-making capability and well-being. This essay is an account of the Self-Employed Women's Association (SEWA) in India, a trade union for self-employed women since 1972. It analyzes the strategies that SEWA has used to mobilize and empower self-employed women in India, using materials and data collected on a field visit in 1998.     

FITTING THE FORUM TO THE FAMILY FUSS

This article analyzes advantages and disadvantages of mediation, collaborative law, and cooperative law based on the parties' capabilities, attitudes about professional services, and assessments of and preferences about the risks of various procedures. Each of these procedures has virtues and there is great value in providing clients and practitioners with a choice of procedures. Under collaborative and cooperative law, lawyers and clients agree to focus exclusively on negotiation from the outset the case, typically using a problem-solving process. Collaborative law involves a written "disqualification agreement" between all the parties and their lawyers under which lawyers are disqualified from representing parties in litigation if either party chooses to litigate. Cooperative law is similar but does not use the disqualification agreement. Because most communities do not have lawyers offering cooperative law, collaborative law groups should encourage at least some of their members to offer clients the option of cooperative law.     

论农民专业合作社的盈余分配制度——兼评我国《农民专业合作社法》相关规定

农民专业合作社作为一类特殊的商事主体，在盈余分配制度上存在着不同于普通营利性企业的特点。合作社盈余在性质上属于向社员“多收”或“少付”的款项，需遵循合理的分配顺序。同时，可分配盈余需遵循这样的分配原则：依据社员与合作社交易额（量）进行分配和资本报酬有限。合作社从盈余中提取的公共积累能否分割是合作社盈余分配制度中又一个重要内容。公共积累应否分割应分层考虑、区别对待。在合作社存续期间社员资格终止时以及合作社终止时，公共积累应否分割宜采取不同的做法。总之，我国《农民专业合作社法》的相关规定需要进一步完善。     

迈向合作治理:通过法律规制平台经济的制度边界及优化

通过法律规制平台经济的过程,其实质是在治理平台经济发展带来的负面性问题。借助法律多元主义理论视角分析平台经济发展的制度供给,会发现国家法律与平台规则共同构成平台经济发展的制度约束与保障,同时也是平台治理的重要制度资源。任何一项制度资源的投入会随着制度实施的环境条件以及制度执行者的价值观念变化而产生制度成本与效益的边际效应,这就为国家法律与平台规则的功能范围设定了制度边界,因而需要优化配置制度资源的投入和组合。而国家法律和平台规则的互嵌性,以及国家法律与平台规则在服务于平台经济创新发展的目标耦合性,也就决定了国家法律和平台规则之间存在制度合作的空间。因此在平台经济治理中,通过审慎评估国家法律在平台经济领域的实施效果,有效吸纳平台规则的治理优势,优化政府监管执法资源投入,可以有效形成合作治理的平台经济秩序。