合作社治理结构研究——公司治理结构理论的演绎

合作社治理结构是合作社制度中的重要方面,合作社事业的成功在很大程度上取决于其治理结构,作为商业组织之一的合作社应当在坚持基本制度特征的前提下,总结吸收现代市场经济中最成功的商业组织公司治理结构的经验,在内部构造社员大会、理事会、监事会并使其相互分权制衡的治理结构。     

A genealogy of corporate governmentality in the realm of the ‘merchant-king’: the Netherlands Trading Company and the management of Dutch paupers

Abstract

The emergence of the modern corporation occurs at the same time as that of the modern state and liberal governmentality, although its role in the development of ‘bio-power’ has not been carefully examined. This article examines the royal use of corporations to manage the poor through work creation schemes and hence effect a capitalist transformation of the eastern Netherlands; specifically, the creation of the Dutch textile industry. These work creation schemes drew on the cameralistic ‘police sciences’ that Foucault cites in his genealogy of bio-power. This article traces the means by which cameralistic disciplinary techniques for the control of paupers were adopted by entrepreneurs who replaced Willem I, the ‘merchant-king’ as the ‘visible hand of the market’. It highlights the origins of managerialism in ‘social’ not ‘political economy’.     

法人与公司制度融合风险的法律控制——兼论实现国家公司公益性的法人制度支持

现代民法上的法人制度包含了为公司制度发展量身定做的"完人化"标准。公司制度借与法人制度融合获得了广义财产与基本权利,扭转了公司在传统社会组织身份格局中的不利地位,形成了对其他企业类型的制度竞争优势,但也带来巨大风险:公司异化为新身份格局中的"公司帝国"。法人制度在我国具有主要服务国有企业改革的功能狭隘性,加之官商传统潜移默化,产生了更为复杂的"官商公司帝国",妨碍了国有企业实现公共利益。针对性地而言,应祛除法人制度的极端功利主义成分,重建国有企业承载公共利益的法人制度支持。     

地方自治的宪法保障——以德国基本法规范及宪法诉讼为考察对象

在联邦德国地方自治是宪法保障的重要内容之一。制度保障理论是地方自治宪法保障的理论基础。法律主体保障、客观法制度保障以及主观法律地位保障,是地方自治宪法保障的主要内容。联邦宪法法院在实施地方自治宪法保障的实践中,发展了一系列的宪法原则。理论与实践的相互促进,使地方自治制度在联邦德国得到了全面的发展。