See No Evil,Hear No Evil? Assessing Corruption Risk Perceptions and Strategies of Victorian Public Bodies

This paper critically examines qualitative survey data from 36 Victorian public sector bodies on their perceptions of corruption risks, and strategies to mitigate these risks, as well as the integrity mechanisms in place. The findings indicate that even though corruption does not seem to be prevalent in these bodies it is not on their radar either, though fraud prevention was significantly present. The paper identifies international best practices of integrity management and inculcation of public service ethos in developed countries, and stresses three vital elements or pillars that combine both the ‘values’ and ‘compliance’ based approaches. These pillars are as follows: (1) specific corruption prevention programs and strategies that are additional to but complement existing anti‐fraud programs; (2) targeted anti‐corruption training, both for employees and for the public; and (3) effective leadership engagement and commitment to an ethical culture (Tone at the Top).     

Establishing a Social-Darwinist Mentality in Japan’s Paternalist State: The Potential of Resistance by a Counter-Public

ABSTRACT

From a historical perspective, the welfare net in Japan was established from above without democratic participation and expanded only slowly. This expansion in many cases was aimed at enhancing national cohesion, especially during war time. During the current neoliberal era, Japan’s paternalistic welfare state has been able to put into practice the dismantling of national pension and health-care systems without the need for any theoretical re-orientation. In response, counter-publics have engaged in protest and resistance. By doing so, the victims of modernization and those who are socially weak and disadvantaged in multiple ways are able to regain their self-esteem and personal integrity.     

How does democracy influence citizens’ perceptions of government corruption? A cross-national study

We examine the effect of democracy as an institutional context on individuals’ perceptions of government corruption. To do so, we compile an integrated dataset from the Asian, Afro, and Latino Barometer Surveys and use a hierarchical linear regression model. Our primary finding is that the effect of democracy has different effects on ordinary citizens’ perceptions of corruption in different contexts. In general, people in countries with higher levels of democracy tend to perceive their governments to be more corrupt. However, more importantly, conditional models show that in countries with more developed democratic institutions, individuals with stronger democratic values are less likely to perceive the government to be corrupt. Moreover, people in such countries are less likely to assess their government based on their perceptions of economic situation.     

成本收益理论：腐败与反腐败的机理

腐败者在进行腐败前大都要对自己的行为所可能带来的收益与可能带来的损失进行比较和衡量,即考虑通过腐败究竟能取得什么样的收益和付出什么样的代价？这就是收益与成本的关系。对于每一个“理性的经济人”来说,只有当腐败收益大于腐败成本时,权力拥有者才会铤而走险并运用其手中的权力实施腐败行为;反腐败同样存在成本与效益的问题。腐败的成本收益和反腐败的成本收益,两者有所区别同时也相互依存,腐败者的收益往往包含于反腐败所能得到的收益中,而反腐败成本的提高往往为了提高腐败者的成本。因此想有效的控制或遏制腐败,就应当从提升腐败成本和降低腐败收益,甚至从减少反腐败成本等方面进行全方位的制度性建设。     

国外警察腐败现象及反腐主要对策

在我国,警察队伍建设是巩固党的执政地位、维护国家长治久安、保障人民安居乐业的基本保证之一。从党的十七大会议精神来看,党中央已经将完善惩治和预防腐败体系作为工作重点,并将进一步健全党风廉政建设责任制,全面加强反腐倡廉工作。本文针对国外警察队伍当中存在的腐败现象进行初浅研究,将国外警察队伍的腐败按其发展程度划分为五个不同阶段,对其成因、特征以及治理办法进行了分析,对于我国警察队伍的反腐倡廉工作的开展,具有现实参考价值。     

略论党的十七大提出的防治腐败新策略

腐败问题是当前各国都存在的通病。腐败现象既破坏了法律的权威性及法律的有效实施,又破坏了我国社会主义的经济基础,动摇着我国社会的政治基础。腐败问题已经对党、国家和社会构成了潜在的威胁。对此,党的十七大提出了一系列的防治新策略。     

治理吏治腐败加强廉政建设的对策

反腐倡廉,加强党风廉正建设,一直是人们关心的热门话题.从整肃吏治腐败着手,通过对以深化改革为动力,形成权力制约上的新机制,使人不能腐败;以健全法制为保证,把廉政建设纳入法制的轨道,使人不敢腐败;以监督到位为关键,形成环环相扣的严密网络,使人不会腐败;以廉政教育为基础,筑牢思想道德防线,使人不想腐败等方面的分析,提出治理吏治腐败加强党风廉政建设的途径和措施,具有一定的现实意义.     

职务犯罪预防措施二题

职务犯罪在行为人的主观状态、犯罪手段、社会危害性方面都具有鲜明的特性。职务犯罪不仅会削弱人们对公职人员的信任 ,降低党和政府的公信力 ,并且容易产生示范效应 ,导致恶性循环。因此 ,加强职务犯罪的预防和控制研究 ,无论在立法上还是在司法上都具有现实意义。     

反腐倡廉制度建设与创新

反腐倡廉,既要靠伦理,更要靠制度,这既是历史的经验,更是现实的选择。制度缺失和体制障碍,是腐败现象难以根除,一些领域甚至有所蔓延的根本原因。推进反腐倡廉制度创新,重在构建反腐倡廉制度体系,坚持用制度管权、管事、管人。推进反腐倡廉,必须深化政治体制改革,在政治体制改革的目标、动力和标准等问题上实现由"以官为本"到"以人为本"的根本转变,不断增强反腐倡廉制度体系的活力。     

Democracy and local political participation in Sumedang,Indonesia

Indonesia is a country that implements a democratic political system. As such, the involvement of society in the political process becomes very important. The purpose of this article is to research the democracy and local political participation in Sumedang. The study uses qualitative methods with primary data obtained from field observations and direct interviews of several informants. Additionally, the researchers use secondary data as a complement to the analysis. The results of this study indicate that the community at the local level truly understands the importance of political participation. However, due to disappointment in government performance, a part of the community has become discouraged from participating in the political process conducted by local governments. Several factors hinder efforts to encourage political participation. These include limited access to political aspirations that are still rare and the process of political education that is still low.