Towards a neo-Polanyian approach to money: integrating the concept of debt

Abstract

This paper aims to reconsider Polanyi's approach to money. His best-known writing on money uses is deeply original and presents strong insights that dissociate money from the concept of the market. Polanyi also developed an interesting non-dichotomous understanding of money in his The great transformation. However, taken together, these two contributions lead to some unresolved questions: his critique of the orthodox approach to money is ambivalent; his argument to separate payment from account is weak; and, most important, he ultimately makes an incomplete break with the classical real/monetary dichotomy. This paper proposes a distinction between money as a set of instruments and practices and money as a concept, through the integration of John Commons's concept of debt into Polanyi's framework. This reformulation allows us to resolve Polanyi's unresolved questions while preserving his major contributions, and leads to a more complex understanding of money.     

经济转型条件下吉林省中小企业融资的政府支持方向简

吉林省中小企业发展起步较晚,与发达省份相比差距很大,并且面临诸多问题,其中以融资难问题最为突出.本文分析了吉林省中小企业融资存在的问题和融资难的原因,并就经济转型条件下吉林省中小企业融资的政府支持方向进行探讨,提出实施中小企业转型升级与成长工程,建立科学高效的中小企业融资支持体系,构建功能齐全的中小企业信贷服务体系等建议,以期对中小企业走出融资困境有所裨益.     

小微企业民间融资的国际比较及借鉴

当前,民间融资已经成为小微企业融资的新渠道,但是,小微企业民间融资还面临着立法、体制和监管多方面的问题,境地尴尬。我国要解决小微企业融资难问题,结合我国国情,考察和学习美国、日本、德国等发达国家的先进经验不失为一种可取方法,尽管其模式各有特色,并无优劣之分,但也存在诸多的共同点。在政府定位、健全立法、加快小微企业民间融资信用担保体系建设、大力发展民间中小金融机构、畅通民间融资与小微企业间的融资渠道等多个方面值得我国借鉴。     

对河北建设文化大省的财政政策之思考

文化业作为21世纪的朝阳产业,涵盖领域涉及第一、二、三产业,经营性的文化产业、公益性的文化事业建设都离不开财政政策支持。河北要建设文化大省其财政政策选择要做到:强化公共财政意识;以文化工程投入为重点;进一步拓宽文化投融资渠道;组建创业投资基金和建立产业园区。     

论代理问题与公司治理

公司治理结构是建立现代企业制度的核心问题之一。代理关系是公司治理问题产生的一个条件，与公司治理存在着密切的关系。代理关系问题产生的最重要的原因是劳动分工，代理收益大于代理成本是代理关系不断得以拓展的前提。所有权主体多元化与经营管理要求一元化存在着矛盾，如果公司进行外部融资，也必然产生了代理问题，并对公司治理产生一定的影响。     

THE AUSTRALIAN CHILD SUPPORT AGENCY:

The Australian Child Support Agency is recognized as a world leader in the delivery of child support services. But the rapid growth in debt between 1998 and 2003 signaled a need to develop strategies to counter the growth in owed child support. A Debt Study was undertaken in late 2002 to establish the collectibility of debt by category of cases with debt, search for the most cost-effective methods of debt collection, and determine if other client and debt segmentation methods were warranted. The success of the Debt Study led to the implementation of the Intensive Debt Collection strategy in 2003–04.     

论债权总则给付障碍法的体系进路

给付障碍法,也就是通常所称的债务不履行或者违约,是民法典债法总则中的核心法律制度。传统上一般以障碍原因为给付障碍法律体系的构成进路。积极侵害债权的出现和缔约过失责任范围的扩大则预示了传统进路体系上的断裂和缺陷。而现代意义上的法律效果进路(又称救济进路)正是在这一背景下产生的:无论是当前在国际上采用的《联合国买卖法》或者是《国际商事合同原则》,又抑或是区域性质的《欧洲合同法原则》,又抑或是民族国家的《德国现代化债法》,全部都采取的是这一体系进路。未来的中国民法典也应当采取这一无需再行检验的现代“经典”进路。     

论票据支付与原因关系债权之消灭

票据支付与原因关系债权的关系如何，理论界对此似有通说，作者认为需商榷，认为首先应将此关系放在两种情形下讨论。在第一种情形下，由于当事人在原因关系之债中的明确约定使得票据的支付导致原因债权的消灭，比较简单。更值得探讨的是在第二种情形下，当事人对于清偿既存原因之债的方式未作任何约定，那么支付票据将会对原因债权产生什么影响？文章以为支付票据亦会消灭原因债权，但真正对原因债权产生影响的不是票据的支付，而是在当事人间多是通过默示达成的票据债权清偿协议。文章进一步认为该协议的性质应该是代物清偿，并提出该协议的具体适用方法，即债权人必须先用尽票据上的权利，才能行使非票据上的权利。     

创新财务管理 提升企业竞争力

创新机制,激发活力.企业经济效益好坏有外部因素也有内部因素,但主要是由企业内部因素决定的.企业只有转变机制,转变观念,适应市场经济发展的需要,加强企业技术进步和技术创新,加强企业内部管理,建立有效的内部管理机制,生产出高质量、低成本,适应市场需要的产品,才能提高企业经济效益.     

Cocoa, Finance and the State in Ecuador, 1895–1925

Abstract— In 1895 liberal forces, dedicated to the modernisation of their country's economic, social and political structures, came to power in Ecuador. The transformation was to be brought about on the basis of income from the profitable cocoa trade. Closely linked to the agro-mercantile élite of Guayaquil, the liberals embarked upon an ambitious programme of reform. By the early 1920s, however, their hopes had been shattered by the decline of the cocoa trade and the impact of the First World War. Heavily indebted to Guayaquil banks and facing mounting domestic opposition, the liberals were overthrown by the military in July 1925.