浅析社区青少年的社会交往网络与社会支持网络——对上海市普陀区社区青少年的调查研究

根据2006年对上海市普陀区“社区青少年”发展状况调查的实验研究管理,对易于“边缘化”的“社区青少年”的社会交往网络与社会支持网络的构成、特征进行分析,并探讨如何促进它们之间的优势互补,从而为“社区青少年”的发展提供更好的条件。     

论青少年体育教学中的人格教育

体育锻炼和体育运动对青少年的思想品德、智力发育、审美素养的形成都有不可替代的重要作用,将改变和塑造着青少年的人格精神。体育教学中通过体育精神对青少年人格教育的过程,也是将人的知、情、意、行统一协调发展的过程,是健全、完善人的心理品质的过程。     

刑事责任年龄认定存在的问题及对策研究

由于立法上缺乏刑事责任年龄认定标准;司法实践中户籍资料、被告人供述和辩解、证人陈述和骨龄鉴定认定依据均存在问题;刑事证据采纳标准和司法成本影响刑事责任年龄的认定,从而导致犯罪嫌疑人尤其是未成年人刑事责任年龄的认定处于不确定状态。对此,立法上应明确规定认定刑事责任年龄的法律依据;司法实践中,严格户籍管理,适当运用骨龄鉴定,严格遵守证据的采信规则,合理规划司法成本。     

试论青年中医教师的系统培训

振兴和发展中医药事业关键在教育,而教育质量的提高靠教师。文中对青年中医教师的系统培训提出要注重师德情操、基础理论、实践技能、写作能力等的培养。     

骨骼个体识别系统的研究

骨骼个体识别系统的研究花锋，田雪梅，孙建军，沈旭昆ＳｔｕｄｙｏｆｔｈｅＣｏｍｐｕｔｅｒＳｙｓｔｅｍＢａｓｅｄｏｆｔｈｅＩｎｄｉｖｉｄｕａｌＩｄｅｎｔｉｆｉｃａｔｉｏｎｏｆＳｋｅｌｅｔｏｎ￥Ｈｕａｆｅｎｇ；Ｔｉａｎｘｖｅｍｅｉ；Ｓｕｎｊｉａｎｊｕｎ；（...     

Cross-national comparison of homicide: Age/sex-adjusted rates using the 1980 U.S. homicide experience as a standard

Cross-sectional studies of crime have typically relied on crude crime rates when making comparisons between countries. Crude rates control for population size but implicitly assume that all members of the population are equally at risk. Empirical studies have shown that, cross-nationally, risk varies by age and sex. Standardization of crime rates removes the confounding effects of variable age and sex population distributions. Since age/sex-specific crime rates are generally unavailable for many countries, the method of indirect standardization is the most desirable technique. Age/sex-adjusted homicide rates for 76 countries are presented, and two comparative measures are suggested. It is shown that while the United States has a higher homicide rate than all but 15 countries; in most cases, the magnitude of the difference, not controlling for age/sex differences, is overestimated. Crude rates underestimate differences between the United States and countries with higher rates of homicide.     

Serious Youth Gun Offenders and the Epidemic of Youth Violence in Boston

Boston, like many other major cities, experienced a sudden increase in youth homicides during the late 1980s and early 1990s. Research evidence suggests that the recent epidemic of urban youth violence was intensely concentrated among criminally active young black males residing in disadvantaged urban neighborhoods rather than all young black males residing in disadvantaged black neighborhoods. Other researchers, however, suggest that there was a diffusion of guns and gun violence from youth involved in street crack markets to youth outside the drug trade who armed themselves primarily for self-protection against the armed criminally active youth. In this paper, criminal history data are analyzed to determine whether the criminal profile of Boston arrested youth gun offenders changed over time and micro-level data on youth gun assault incidents in Boston are examined to unravel whether there were noteworthy changes in the nature of these violent events over time. The results of these analyses suggest that the youth violence epidemic in Boston was highly concentrated among serious youth gun offenders rather than a diffusion of guns away from the street drug trade, gangs, and criminally active youth.     

GENDER AND ADOLESCENT RELATIONSHIP VIOLENCE: A CONTEXTUAL EXAMINATION*

A growing body of research examines the problem of adolescent dating violence. In these studies, fairly high rates of female‐to‐male violence have been documented, leading to considerable debate about the role of gender in dating and other partner violence. Drawing from a broader qualitative study of violence in the lives of African‐American youths from a distressed urban community, we weigh in on this debate by providing a contextual examination of the nature, circumstances, and meanings of adolescent dating violence. Our research shows that the meanings and consequences of girls ‘violence are strikingly different than those of boys’, and that both are grounded in gender inequalities. We conclude by discussing the significance of these findings for both feminist and general research on dating violence.     

志愿服务与绿色生活--青年志愿者绿色环保服务项目分析

广东省青年志愿者绿色环保服务是伴随着绿色环保观念的变化而发展壮大的,它经历了从尝试到创新深化的发展过程,创造了一系列丰富多样的绿色环保的品牌服务项目.这些绿色环保志愿活动具有倡导理念、服务示范、自我教育、生活创新等社会功能,产生了广泛的社会影响.     

两种骨龄标准推断女性14岁年龄的准确度

目的研究李果珍百分计数法和中国人手腕骨发育标准CHN法在推断女性14岁年龄时的准确度。方法在湖南娄底三所中学随机选择51名14岁女生,同一条件下拍摄左手腕X线片;按照上述两种方法由专业人员阅片;对比两种方法所得结果及其与真实年龄间的差异。结果计数法和CHN法测得的骨龄与研究对象的实际年龄间无显著性差异(P>0.05),两种方法比较也未见明显差异(P>0.05)。结论计数法和CNH法可用于湖南地区女性14岁年龄的推断。