Making Institutions in Central and Eastern Europe,and the Impact of Europe

The end of communism in Central and Eastern Europe offered the region a unique opportunity for institutional redesign. Thanks to the variety of historical experiences, inherited structures, transition paths and deal sweeteners during the round-table talks, post-communist Europe initially witnessed much institutional diversity. Throughout the course of the past decade, however, there has been a notable convergence of institutional designs across the region. The process of convergence has been, in part, a response to domestic political concerns, but the demands of the European Union have also played a role. This article plots the course of institutional development in the region, outlining some of the major cases of institutional redesign and highlighting both the positive and negative impact of 'Europe' on the process.     

Education and support for representative,direct and stealth democracy

Using data collected within the scope of a Dutch internet panel survey (LISS) in 2011, this study tracks public support for direct, stealth and representative democracy according to educational level. Our findings indicate that, in terms of overall support for each specific type of democracy, lower educated citizens are significantly more supportive of stealth and direct democracy than highly educated citizens. While the mean levels of support for representative democracy do not differ significantly between levels of education, multivariate OLS regression analyses show that lower educated citizens are noticeably more supportive of representative democracy once political efficacy, trust and satisfaction are introduced. When contrasting the different types of democracy directly with one another, we find that lower educated citizens have a greater tendency to prefer direct and (to a lesser extent) stealth democracy over representative democracy than higher educated citizens. Multivariate OLS regression analyses indicate that most of these educational gaps cease to be significant once the lower levels of political efficacy, trust and satisfaction of lower educated citizens are taken into account. Implications of these results for the debate on the functioning of democracy are discussed.     

当代中国政治文化内部结构的分化与整合

深入剖析一国政治文化的内部结构及其相互关系对于了解该国政治体系的运作具有重要意义。当代中国政治文化在精英和大众层面都存在着社会主义意识形态、传统政治文化、民主政治文化三种类型的交织与分化,当代中国政治文化的整合与创新应以培育和发展出有中国特色的以权利、民主、法治为核心理念的社会主义公民文化为指向,政治社会化对于政治文化整合与更新尤为重要。     

在落实科学发展观中构建和谐高校

构建社会主义和谐社会,首要任务是发展.坚持用科学发展观统领发展全局,实现高校全面协调可持续发展,促进构建和谐高校,在当前和今后具有极其重要的理论和实践意义.在构建社会主义和谐社会中构建和谐高校,要坚持以人为本,充分发挥高校的智力优势和人才优势,培养和促进人的全面自由和可持续发展,要积极追求公平与效率,始终坚持民主与法制.     

论党内基层民主及其建设

党内基层民主建设是党内民主建设的基础工程,也是激发基层党组织活力、提高基层党组织领导水平和执政能力的重要手段。党内基层民主建设既是一个不断探索和创新的实践过程,同时也是一个需要不断对其内涵、目标、特点,以及实现的制度路径进行理论思考和研究的过程。     

党内民主60年的发展及经验启示

中国共产党一贯重视发展党内民主,建国60年来,发展党内民主成效斐然,突出表现在思想认识、制度建设、党员民主权利保障、以及党内民主理论创新等方面。这些宝贵的成果启示我们:今后一个时期,我们要继续稳步发展党内民主,必须加大解放思想力度;继续加快党内各项民主制度的程序化建设;必须更加注重培养党内民主文化。     

中国共产党是一个把党内民主视为生命的党

中国共产党十分重视党内民主建设,视党内民主为党的生命。中国共产党的党内民主建设,是从军队民主开始的。遵义会议,是一次党内民主得到极大弘扬的会议。延安时期,是我们党在新中国成立之前推进党内民主建设,特别强调民主的重要时期。新中国成立后,作为执政的中国共产党,把推进党内民主建设放到了更加突出的位置。党的十一届三中全会,我们党以马克思主义的理论勇气、科学态度和创新精神,恢复和推进了党内民主建设。十六大以来,党中央从加强党的执政能力建设和先进性建设的战略高度,从实现可持续执政的根本要求出发,高度重视和大力推进党内民主建设。     

违宪审查司法化之民主逻辑

国内外学界一直存在着对违宪审查司法化是否符合民主这一宪政基本原则的质疑。从政治学、法理学、宪法学的角度来认识,本文提出了自己的看法。     

党员意见表达：发展党内民主的内生力

发展党内民主要以党员为本。以党员为本需要尊重党员主体地位，尊重党员主体地位需要提高党员民主意识、增强和保障党员参与权。这一切都离不开党员意见表达。党员意见表达是发展党内民主的一种内在生成力。党员意见表达是发展党内民主的天然成分，有利于提高党员对党内民主的参与度，有利于营造党内民主的环境。     

党代会代表提案制度发展基础与深化方向

党代会代表提案制是完善党的代表大会制度、推进党内民主的重要举措。经过十年的探索实践,党代会代表提案制得到了循序渐进的发展,在认识层面、理论研究、制度建设科学化等方面都积累了一定基础,既彰显出超过原有制度设计初衷的价值和意义,但同时也积存了一些问题,影响着党代会代表提案制向纵深发展,需要从制定党内规章、制度规范化建设以及党代表队伍建设等角度对其进行深化和完善。可以预见,党代会代表提案制虽然并非党内民主系统工程中的核心制度,但它的实施过程也是一次深刻的党内民主启蒙,或将推动党内民主新的生长点的出现。