青少年偏差行为及其预防对策

青少年偏差行为已经成为一个严重的社会问题。青少年偏差行为具有突发性、模仿性、易变性和盲从性等特点。它的形成涉及到社会、家庭、学校以及青少年自身这几个方面的原因。因此 ,学校、家庭和有关部门要采取有力措施 ,预防和抑制青少年偏差行为 ,为青少年健康成长创造良好的社会环境。     

试说补充“同一项目”的“还”字复句

表"补充增加"意义的"还"字复句(句组)[H1,H2]有两类:补充同类项目与补充同一项目.前者"还"的补充项目(H2中的B)与已有项目(H1中的A)是并列关系,后者是同一关系.后一类句式中,A有体词性和谓词性两类成分,补充A的H2也有事物属性和动作情状两类.句法上,该复句(句组)(基本句)可以变换为复杂的单句(变式句),语用表达上具有简洁明了、强调性状、主观情感色彩浓烈等特点.     

Identification and Comparison of Electrical Tapes Using Instrumental and Statistical Techniques: II. Organic Composition of the Tape Backing and Adhesive*

Abstract: The microtexture and elemental composition of the backing of electrical tapes have been shown to be highly discriminating. In this study, the organic composition of electrical tape was evaluated as a complementary means of distinguishing tape brands. The backing and adhesive of 72 rolls of electrical tape were analyzed via Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (ATR FTIR) and discriminant analysis was used to classify all samples by brand. Generally, the accuracy for FTIR data (88–99%) was higher than that for elemental data (86–94%). FTIR spectra from the adhesive layer were the most discriminating. In separate studies, two fragments of blast-damaged tape were correctly assigned to their brand of origin and discriminant analysis was used to quantitatively associate or exclude tape samples from two bombing cases.     

作为过错侵权责任构成要件的非法性与过错——我国过错侵权责任制度应当采取的规则

非法性同过错的区分原则仅仅是少数国家的法律所规定的现象,大多数国家的侵权法认为过错同非法行为是内涵和外延等同的概念;过错实际上是一种注意义务的违反行为,是一种非法行为;将非法行为看作过错之外的独立构成要件既违反了我国《民法通则》的明确规定,也违反了民法所贯彻的法典内在平衡的公共政策,还违反了当代侵权法的发展潮流;废除主观过错理论,确立客观过错理论是我国未来侵权法应当坚持的重要原则。     

对重复保险若干问题的思考

重复保险的立法是以贯彻保险补偿精神、防止不当得利及道德风险的发生、实现各保险人对损失的合理分摊为原则.保险人订立重复保险合同时,对保险人负有重复保险的如实通知义务.凡是投保人出于恶意,以骗取保险金为目的订立的保险合同无效.     

瓜蒌皮的化学成分研究

目的 研究瓜蒌Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim.干燥成熟果皮的化学成分。方法 应用硅胶、Sephadex LH-20凝胶、ODS反相色谱柱以及半制备HPLC 等方法对瓜蒌皮水提物进行分离纯化,根据1H-NMR、13C-NMR和HRMS等波谱学方法对所得化合物进行结构鉴定。结果 从瓜蒌皮水提物的乙酸乙酯萃取部位共分离得到12个化合物,其结构鉴定为葫芦素D（1）、葫芦素B（2）、异葫芦素D（3）、fabacein（4）、23,24-二氢葫芦素D（5）、柯伊利素7-O-β-D吡喃葡萄糖苷（6）、blumenol A（7）、对羟基苯甲酸（8）、5-oxymaltol（9）、香草酸（10）、烟酸（11）和3-maleimide-5-oxime（12）。结论 化合物4为首次从天然植物中分离得到,化合物3、8、9、11、12为首次从瓜蒌皮中分离得到。     

芍药属植物酚性化学成分研究进展

芍药属约有35个已知种。迄今为止,研究人员已从白芍、赤芍、牡丹、日本芍药、凤丹、紫斑牡丹、多花芍药、欧洲芍药、草芍药等种的花、种子、根皮中分离得到得到萜类、苯乙酮类、黄酮类及联苄类等多种类型化合物。本文对芍药属酚性化学成分进行综述,为该属植物的研究与开发提供依据。     

E-victimization and e-predation theory as the dominant aggressive communication: the case of cyber bullying

ABSTRACT

The paper will focus on the identification of several key criteria in e-discourses via the constitution of e-images of the Anonymous arising from e-medias (Facebook, twitter, Snapchat, WeChat, etc.) with a specific focus on youngsters and their (ab)uses of these communication channels to facilitate digital predation, and so to lead to e-victimization. I will explain the specifics of e-victimization discourse taking into consideration its triadic dimension. I will then be able to conceptualize a dominant e-communication and the e-victimization theory around central ideas of dynamics of violence, gender discrimination and power abuse leading to a semio-sphere with a deep focus on anonymity, exposure, frequency, and insecurity as indicators of collective e-delinquency and proneness to e-victimization.     

De-democratization in Hungary: diffusely defective democracy

Scholarly attention has started to shift from democratization and democratic consolidation to trends of democratic deconsolidation, backsliding, regression, and erosion. This article examines Hungary as a deviant and exemplary case for understanding de-democratization. The starting point is the literature on defective democracy, which provides a unified framework of analysis for the causes and the outcomes of democratization. However, as the case of Hungary shows, de-democratization is not simply the mirror of democratization. In Hungary, both the outcome and the process of de-democratization defy expectations. The democratic defects do not conform to any of the standard types, instead resembling a “diffusely defective democracy”. Moreover, existing explanations fail to account for their emergence. The case of Hungary indicates that our knowledge of democratization may be a poor guide to understanding de-democratization.     

Mapping deviant democracy

A number of countries have emerged as stable, electoral democracies despite low levels of modernization, lack of democratic neighbouring countries and other factors consistently related to democratic stability in the literature. The study of these deviant democracies is a promising new research field but it is afflicted by the lack of a consensus as to which democracies are actually deviant. The present article attempts to solve this problem by carrying out a comprehensive mapping of deviant democracies. It reviews the literature to provide an overview of the cases most often identified as deviant democracies and uses a large-N analysis of 159 countries covering the time period 1993–2008 to systematically map deviant democracies. The analysis points to 12 cases that merit further attention. These are the Central African Republic, Ghana, India, Indonesia, Malawi, Mali, Mauritius, Mongolia, Niger, Senegal, Trinidad and Tobago, and Turkey.