从话者识别角度认识山西汾城方言的紧喉音节

目的明确山西汾城方言紧喉音节与对应普通话音节在司法话者识别时的可比性及该紧喉音的声学特性。方法利用VS-99语音工作站对山西汾城方言紧喉音节及对应普通话音节的韵律特性、音质特性等声学特性进行定性与定量分析。结果得出了汾城方言紧喉音的发声态主要为嘎裂声,汾城方言紧喉音对声母没有明显影响,紧喉音韵母与普通话韵母在共振峰频率上的一致性要远高于共振峰相对强度上的一致性等认识。结论为在汾城方言与普通话之间进行司法话者识别以及田野调查提供了依据。     

北部侗族文化涵化的过程和机制——天柱社区的个案研究

侗族南部方言区与北部方言区之间存在着明显的文化差异。北部地区文化涵化层次较深,渗透到社会生活的方方面面。南部地区的涵化程度则相对微弱,本民族的传统文化几乎没有失落什么特质,也没有被当代文明冲淡。是什么原因造成侗族文化的结构现状呢?探讨这个问题对我们借鉴历史经验,全面把握和构建当代侗族文化无疑具有重要的现实意义和学术价值。鉴于侗族北部方言区地域广阔,在现有条件下难以进行整体的研究,我们选择了涵化面最广、涵化程度最深、文化变迁最突出的天柱县作一个案分析,试图理清北侗文化涵化的历史过程和社会机制,从而更好地为侗族地区的两个文明建设服务。     

语言认同和语境对方言变异的影响

语言或方言濒危,既有使用者的因素,也有社会的因素,认同就是影响语言变异与变化的一个重要的社会因素。一个讲话人对一种语言或方言的认同包含着三个要素：语言使用、语言意识、语言态度。根据对无锡话尖音变化的调查分析,语音演变是一个过程,语言演变的速度和方向与人们的语言意识和语言态度密切相关,这说明了语言演变的复杂性,多种因素往往既独立发展又互相影响,共同决定着尖音的发展方向。     

论汉语声调的特征价值及其在语言识别中的应用

汉语声调具有区别不同方言的重要价值。生活在一定方言区的人,其语音必然遵循并反映该方言的声调特点,诸如平、上、去、入的分混,在检材中主要通过同调字表现出来,对于识别犯罪嫌疑人的籍贯或所在地区具有不可忽视的作用。     

“Seeing Her Through a Bamboo Curtain”: Envisaging a National Literature through Chinese Folk Songs

In 1922, Chang Hui (1894–1985) published in Folk Song Weekly ten ballads with a shared motif: “seeing her through a bamboo curtain” (gezhe zhulian kanjian ta). Regarding the ballads as at once ten place-based, local folk songs and one placeless, national poetry, Chang urged attention to the exemplary influence of folk songs on the unification of languages in early twentieth-century China. Throughout the folk song campaign (c. 1918–c. 1927), however, the potential of folk songs to facilitate nationalization of Chinese language and literature remained arguably unfulfilled. This article examines the reasons for folk songs’ lack of influence on modern Chinese literary history. Through an analysis of contesting ideas and agendas regarding the literary nature of folk song, the author reveals that folk songs were rediscovered at a moment of modern Chinese history when prevalent discourses on Chinese language and literature could not fully accommodate the folk, the dialect, or the oral nature of folk song.     

阜阳方言常用字错读音初探

方言是客观存在的某地区人们共同使用的语言实体,汉语方言素来以纷繁复杂著称.特别是语音方面,往往是其他地方的人难以听懂的.为适应社会发展与交际的需要,本文对阜阳方言中字音错读、误读现象进行分析、综合,以帮助方言区的人更好地学习普通话.     

试论越剧的发展不能放弃地方语言

戏曲是方言艺术,越剧是与嵊州方言深层契合的,同时越剧也存在着多方面的变化可能,如面临普通话的冲击等。方言诚然是她难以广泛流行的障碍,但也是其魅力之源泉,生命之所在。发展越剧不能完全放弃其地方语言特色。     

清代福建人向海峡殖民地的移民

福建人移民海峡殖民地的历史颇早。海峡殖民地是清代尤其晚清福建人移民马来亚的集中地。在海峡殖民地各华人方言群中，除了1911年马六甲海南人比福建人略多之外，福建人所占的比重都是最大的。按人数看，19世纪80年代以来，新加坡的福建人在马来亚各邦和各殖民地的福建人中占绝对多数。19世纪末20世纪初，福建人的儿童移民数远超过其他方言群及国籍的儿童移民，从厦门港出发移民槟榔屿和新加坡的福建人绝大多数是男性移民。1893年清朝廷正式废除海禁政策对福建人经厦门港移民海峡殖民地产生了重要的影响。     

“Orbiting the Core”: Politics and the Meaning of Dialect in Chinese Linguistics, 1927–1957

In 1956, the Chinese Communist state launched its official language policy, which included the promulgation of a standard spoken language, called Putonghua. Their justification for this policy and their methods for implementation were guided by intellectual and ideological frameworks that formed during decades preceding the policy's rollout. In particular, Communist language reform was predicated on the conceptualization of Putonghua as a holistic language meant to serve the national body—and of local dialects, called fangyan in Chinese, as dependent on Putonghua for their very definition. This article interrogates the history of this framework. Focusing on dialect surveys from the 1930s, Chinese interpretations of Marxist linguistic theory in the early years of the Communist state, and methods of Putonghua promulgation in the late 1950s, this article reconstructs the epistemological regimes that gave meaning to the concept of independence and autonomy as they related to language in modern China.