A method for studying knife tool marks on bone

The characteristics of knife tool marks retained on hard tissues can be used to outline the shape and angle of a knife. The purpose of this study was to describe such marks on bone tissues that had been chopped with knives. A chopping stage with a gravity accelerator and a fixed bone platform was designed to reconstruct the chopping action. A digital microscope was also used to measure the knife angle (θ) and retained V-shape tool mark angle (ψ) in a pig skull. The κ value (elasticity coefficient; θ/ψ) was derived and recorded after the knife angle (θ) and the accompanied velocity were compared with the proportional impulsive force of the knife and ψ on the bone. The constant impulsive force revealed a correlation between the V-shape tool mark angle (ψ) and the elasticity coefficient (κ). These results describe the tool marks--crucial in the medicolegal investigation--of a knife on hard tissues.     

Effect of Temperature on the Visualization by Digital Color Mapping of Latent Fingerprint Deposits on Metal

Visualization of fingerprint deposits by digital color mapping of light reflected from the surface of heated brass, copper, aluminum, and tin has been investigated using Adobe^® Photoshop^®. Metals were heated to a range of temperatures (T) between 50°C and 500°C in 50°C intervals with enhancement being optimal when the metals are heated to 250°C, 350°C, 50°C, and 300°C, respectively, and the hue values adjusted to 247°, 245°, 5°, and 34°, respectively. Fingerprint visualization after color mapping was not degraded by subsequent washing of the metals and color mapping did not compromise the visibility of the fingerprint for all values of T. The optimum value of T for fingerprint visibility is significantly dependent of the standard reduction potential of the metal with Kendall's Tau (τ) = 0.953 (p < 0.001). For brass, this correlation is obtained when considering the standard reduction potential of zinc rather than copper.     

全球视野下数字货币带来的反洗钱困境及对策——以比特币为例

近年来,以数字货币为媒介和手段的犯罪案件频发且涉案金额巨大。尽管各国执法机构不断颁发各种法律法规对此进行防范,但由于数字货币相较于传统货币具有特有的易用性、匿名性等多种特性,使其极难被发现,即使发现也难以收缴控制。文章从数字货币的概念入手,阐明了其与电子货币和虚拟货币的关系;以多种数字货币为实例,分析了其不同于传统货币的独有特性;并以此为基础,从警务实战角度出发,归纳总结了警察在侦查案件时需要注意的几点问题。     

扩大的权利与扩大的义务——数字艺术行为哲学论要

数字艺术是一种基于人工智能技术创生的新型艺术形态,其本质在于双重互动不确定性机制.在该机制的作用下,数字艺术行为秩序较之原子艺术行为秩序发生了重大而深远的变化.首先,数字艺术开拓出一种人人享有的创作权和传播权,消解了原子艺术秩序中的艺术创作特权和传播特权,数字艺术创作权利的本质是一种艺术发表权.其次,通过艺术发表权,数字艺术衍生出一种原子艺术秩序没有的艺术接触权,接触权也是一种普遍的、平等的、人人共享的艺术权利.另外,数字艺术还抑制了主权者的艺术监管权力.数字艺术上述扩大的权利也相应为数字艺术主体衍生出同等数量的艺术义务.相对于原子艺术秩序中的那些义务,数字艺术义务的履行即尊重各项数字艺术权利的行使、避免生产传播有损于社会大众身心健康的艺术作品在当下人工智能社会遭遇到了巨大的挑战.     

Examination of heterogeneous crossing sequences between toner and rollerball pen strokes by digital microscopy and 3-D laser profilometry

The determination of line crossing sequences between rollerball pens and laser printers presents difficulties that may not be overcome using traditional techniques. This research aimed to study the potential of digital microscopy and 3-D laser profilometry to determine line crossing sequences between a toner and an aqueous ink line. Different paper types, rollerball pens, and writing pressure were tested. Correct opinions of the sequence were given for all case scenarios, using both techniques. When the toner was printed before the ink, a light reflection was observed in all crossing specimens, while this was never observed in the other sequence types. The 3-D laser profilometry, more time-consuming, presented the main advantage of providing quantitative results. The findings confirm the potential of the 3-D laser profilometry and demonstrate the efficiency of digital microscopy as a new technique for determining the sequence of line crossings involving rollerball pen ink and toner.     

Android智能手机的取证

作为一种新兴的智能手机,Android手机发展势头极为迅猛,并越来越多的受到人们的关注。通过对Android智能手机的取证研究,在介绍了Android手机的基本工作原理后,详细描述了取证方式。通过Android SDK工具对手机内外置存储进行镜像备份,逻辑分析利用文件系统分析,查找每个应用程序自带的数据库文件来获得有价值信息,物理分析通过对内存镜像进行数据恢复以寻找删除的文件,两者互相结合。结果表明,能够从Android手机中有效寻找到潜在证据。     

浅析伪造数码照片识别技术

伪造数码照片给许多领域带来了新的难题，特别是对部分公安机关案件鉴定带来了严峻挑战。伪造数码照片经过诸多技术处理，如拼接、替换、删减、添加、改变尺寸、压缩、隐藏信息等，几乎达到以假乱真的程度。但是，经过伪造的照片都会留下痕迹，这为对其进行真假识别判断提供了物质条件。     

西部地区高校数字艺术教育战略探索

文章主要论述了西北地区发展数字艺术教育的潜力,在高校设置数字艺术专业的国际趋势,战略方针,并提出了框架性解决方案;同时引申出西北地区由此建成数字文化产业基地的可能,从而发扬光大中华传统文化之精神。     

数字城市:-种新的城市生存发展方式

数字城市是城市现代化的必然结果,也是一种新的城市生存发展方式。我国数字城市发展呈现出“城市数字化工程初见成效、信息化试点城市逐年增多、数字城市基础设施建设初具规模、数字城市解决方案问世、数字城市论坛与日俱增”等特点。数字城市是一项复杂的社会系统工程,构建中国式数字城市必须采取综合政策措施,这对于推进中国城市化与信息化的协调发展具有十分重要的意义。     

中国数字图书馆研究和建设的现状及困难

我国对数字图书馆的认识与信息资源数字化紧密相关。我国数字图书馆研究主要由国家图书馆牵头，走的是一条资源主导型的发展道路。尽管国家采取了有力的措施保障数字图书馆工程建设顺利进行，避免重复建设，但与发达国家相比，我国在数字图书馆研究和建设上还面临诸多困难，需努力克服。