Populism and the politics of misinformation

ABSTRACT

The proliferation of fake news and of conspiracy theories has coincided with the emergence of the digital media. Although the extensive distribution of misinformation is nothing new, the emergence of online media proved to be especially fertile for conspiratorial populists in transmitting distorted information. Since 2016, conspiracy theories, disguised as news, have spread like a snowstorm across the political scene on both sides of the Atlantic. As I discuss in this paper, this climate has enabled conspiratorial populists to be especially successful in spreading suspicion of established knowledge, which they claim to have been produced by the elite and which is eschewed for its association with the powerful. Alongside the diminished gatekeeping capabilities of the mainstream media, it thus becomes ever more difficult for people to distinguish between factual stories and fictitious news often spread via unscrupulous websites, as both can be presented in the same guise.     

传统图书馆面临的挑战

为读者服务是图书馆一切工作的中心环节。数字图书馆网络环境对传统图书馆的读者服务、参考咨询服务和信息服务提出了严峻挑战，客观上要求传统图书馆转变原有的工作重点和服务模式，从而适应信息时代发展的需要。     

发展我国数字图书馆的几个关键问题

数字图书馆是下一代互联网网上信息资源的管理模式 ,可从根本上改变目前网上信息分散、不便使用的现状。实现图书馆国际化已成为必然趋势 ,我国的数字图书馆工程已在积极运作之中。     

数字城市扩张

数字化就是网络化、信息化、智能化。数字城市由电子商务、数字政府、数字娱乐、数字教育、智能交通等因素相互作用而成。和传统城市相比 ,数字城市具有更大的扩张能力 ,其扩张的模式有 :渐进式扩张、跳跃式扩张、互联式扩张和立体式扩张     

Brazilian Parliament and digital engagement

ABSTRACT

This paper examines how new technologies are employed by the Brazilian Chamber of Deputies to stimulate experiences of digital engagement. It also evaluates how new technologies are put in practice by the institution, considering its potentialities and limitations in mediating the relationship between the parliament and the citizens. This analysis is anchored in concepts put forth by Polsby about arena parliaments and transformative parliaments, in order to evaluate which of these models of engagement tools have greater potential. The study concludes that the use of digital technologies by the Brazilian Parliament is very diverse, with a variety of tools that allow for the interaction and engagement of citizens, although these tools have the greatest potential for the arena parliament model.     

数字技术驱动社会治理共同体建构的逻辑机理与风险治理

数字技术如何影响社会治理过程并推动治理共同体构建是推进国家治理现代化中亟待解决的重要问题。数字技术的革新与发展为治理共同体的构建提供了权责对等、激励机制、共识机制与共享机制等关键要素。在与社会治理的深度互动与融合发展中,数字技术形成了赋能工具、治理机制、价值标准与治理手段等治理属性,能够拓展社会治理网络、整合与优化社会治理资源、重塑社会治理公共价值以及推动社会治理制度再生产。数字技术有望解决治理模式转型的稳定预期以及社会治理共同体持续发展的动力问题,但亦存在治理风险。国家要继续推动面向数字化的政府转型、构建面向数字化的规则体系、完善共建共治共享的社会治理制度,发挥数字技术更积极、更有效的治理动能。     

论宪政约束下的电子政府模式

随着数字技术、信息技术和网络技术的发展,电子政府正在成为一场政府改革运动.本文认为,电子政府建设使信息控制权成为影响宪政结构的权力因素,同时对公民也提出了更高的素质要求,影响了公民权利平等;要使电子政府服务于宪政,服从于宪政对国家权力的安排和公民平等的基本原则,就需要对信息控制权进行宪政规划,对政府的边界进行改造,这在我国电子政府建设初期,尤其重要.     

基于深度学习的人体肋骨骨折智能检测技术

目的将人工智能中的深度学习技术应用到人体肋骨骨折识别,实现人体肋骨骨折智能检测,提高法医肋骨骨折诊断效率。方法采集3143例人体胸部X线数字影像(2602例用于训练,541例用于测试),标注肋骨骨折特征点,通过多层网络堆叠,分层、分级主动学习原始数据高度抽象的特征表述,并将此特征反馈至检测器进行骨折检测,输出骨折位置及相应置信度。结果基于深度学习的人体肋骨骨折检测准确率在90%以上。结论基于深度学习的人体肋骨骨折检测准确率较高,可用于辅助法医进行肋骨骨折识别诊断、检验鉴定等,本研究可为人体其他部位骨骼损伤智能检测提供参考。     

计算机中文分词技术及其在数字化侦查中的应用研究

实现数字化侦查是社会发展的必然,也是完成繁重侦查任务的要求。计算机中文分词技术是利用计算机,针对中文进行词汇切分的一种技术。将计算机中文分词技术用于侦查工作中,不但可以使办案人员能够利用计算机对大量的原始电子文字数据进行关键词汇信息匹配处理,彻底摆脱繁琐的人工文字搜索比对工作,而且使侦查人员能够获取既准确又全面的证据或者案件线索。     

Popular post-separation parenting smartphone apps: An evaluation

In recent years a bewildering array of smartphone applications (“apps”) has emerged to support separated parents' communication. Post-separation parenting apps vary in cost and features; they typically comprise a messaging tool, shared calendar, expense tracker and a means to export records for legal purposes. A key challenge for separated parents and family law practitioners alike is knowing which apps or app feature(s) can work well for different family contexts, needs and budgets. The present study sought to evaluate nine popular post-separation parenting apps and their features using small-n Human–Computer Interaction methods. Mediators role-played high conflict ex-couples while completing a set of five common post-separation communication or organizational tasks. A cross-case analysis of ratings was conducted. We found that (a) many of the mediators changed their apparent enthusiasm for co-parenting apps once they had used the apps themselves; (b) all nine apps were rated somewhere between “Poor” to Fair’; and (c) features of some of the best-known apps were not rated as highly as some of the features of more recent, lesser-known apps.