扩大内需的基本经验

扩大内需表明增长方式的变革,需要注意的是,我国扩大内需政策所依赖的经济基础、 经济机制及其根本原因有自己的特点。我们应把握这些基本特征,针对本国实际来制定宏观调控对策。     

Crime Trends in the EU

The paper’s aim is to show to EU policy makers, academics, journalists and the general public what the available information tells us about crime levels, trends in crime and public opinion about crime among Member States. The paper centres on an analysis of current trends on crime levels and trends based on the data available both from victimisation surveys and police statistics. The victimisation survey source is the published data collected in the International Crime Victimisation Survey. A separate analysis based on the Eurobarometer was also carried out. Data on police statistics present two separate sources i.e. the Council of Europe Sourcebook and the crime data published annually by the UK Home Office. These two sources both add considerable value to the raw police statistics by their choice of data, their commentary and their technical explanations and definitions. The paper compares data on three crime types (robbery, domestic burglary and theft of a motor vehicle) across the 15 Member States of the European Union (as in 2003). These three types were selected in line with the priorities of the EU Commission and as types of crime that are a major concern for EU-citizens. The paper has been modified from a report produced by the European Crime prevention network for the EU Directorate of Justice and Home Affairs with the permission of the EU. The members of the network are listed in the appendix.     

青海省祁连县家畜口腔黏膜溃烂病的调查

对青海省祁连县某村羊、牛、马发生的病因不明的“口腔黏膜溃烂病”进行了调查。自2 0 0 4年 1月至 4月末 ,该村绵羊发病 2 3730只 ,发病率为 5 2 .7% ,死亡 36 4只 ,病死率 1.5 3% ;牦牛发病 14 4 6头 ,发病率为 2 7.8% ,死亡 6 5头 ,病死率为 4 .5 % ;马发病 12 4匹 ,发病率为 2 8.9% ,死亡 3匹 ,病死率为 2 .4 %。当年羔羊的发病率低 ,成年家畜的发病率高。 5月份草地返青 ,家畜吃上青草后 ,发病明显减少并逐渐停止。从所采集的羊病料中没有分离到致病性微生物。认为该病的发生可能与草场草原毛虫大量繁殖有关。     

冲击铁路群体性治安事件的处置

处置冲击铁路群体性治安事件是一项政策性、原则性非常强的工作 ,能否依法、果断妥善处置 ,作者从处置的准备、处置的原则、处置的组织指导与协调、紧急处置和善后处置五个方面进行了阐述。     

浅析中外合作办学的积极意义

中外合作办学的迅速发展,对于引进国外优质教育资源,加快中国教育改革和发展的步伐,促进中国教育国际交流与合作,增加中国教育供给的多样化和选择性等起了巨大的推进作用。实践证明,中外合作办学在创新教育模式,深化教育教学改革,促进学科建设,提高师资素质和拓宽人才培养途径等方面,日益显示其独特的优势和作用。     

国际货币政策协调的成本收益分析

无论在实践上还是在理论上,是否参与国际货币政策协调都是一国货币当局所面对的难题。分析参与国际货币政策协调的一般框架是要明确参与协调的原则,收益与成本的构成,区分两种条件下的状况并确定其利润函数。通过对合作与不合作条件下国际货币政策协调的成本收益的分析表明,在一般情况下,一国参与国际货币政策协调是有利的;但在特殊情况下,即当合作成本非常高或不合作收益非常大的情况下,一国不参与协调是理性的选择。     

A Comparison of Men and Women Arrested for Domestic Violence: Who Presents the Greater Threat?

Recent increases in the number of women arrested for domestic violence raise important questions about implementation of proarrest policies, equivalency of intimate partner aggression across genders, and management of female domestic violence offenders. This study compares demographic characteristics, criminal history variables, and the past domestic violence history of men (n = 5,578) and women (n = 1,126) arrested for domestic assault against a heterosexual intimate partner. Using victim reported information and data collected by local criminal justice agencies, we found that female arrestees were significantly less likely than males to have histories that warrant concern regarding the potential for future violence. Implications of these findings are discussed.     

STRICTLY LIABLE: GOVERNMENTAL USE OF THE PARENT–CHILD RELATIONSHIP AS A BASIS FOR HOLDING VICTIMS LIABLE FOR THEIR CHILD'S WITNESS TO DOMESTIC VIOLENCE

Studies estimate that between three and ten million children in the United States witness domestic violence annually. Although studies have demonstrated a co‐occurrence of domestic violence and child abuse, there is no concrete evidence to support the assumption that a child's exposure to domestic violence increases the risk to the child of abuse or neglect. Recently the New York State Court of Appeals determined that a child's witness to abuse does not suffice, in and of itself, to show that removal of the child is necessary or that removal is in the “best interests” of the child. Programs which have developed alternatives to presumptive removal understand the importance of viewing the interests of the battered parent and children as being in accord with each other rather than in opposition. Private and government sponsored programs have demonstrated some success in protecting the parent‐child relationship, ensuring the safety of both parent and child, and increasing accountability of batterers while reducing the necessity for removals. Alternative programs are less costly to the state than foster care, and emotionally less costly to the families.     

The Dissemination of Detainees Awaiting Trial Before International and Internationalized Criminal Tribunals

This paper will focus on the rights attributed to detainees who are facing charges before international and internationalized criminal courts. The question is whether their position merits a different approach compared to the position of detainees who are confronted with domestic criminal trials. In particular, this paper will address the question whether, and to what extent, international human rights have a direct effect on the position of the former detainees. Attention will focus on case law of the European Court of Human Rights vis-a-vis the rights of detainees and the impact thereof on the position of detainees who are held in custody on behalf of international and internationalized criminal courts. The author is Professor of International Criminal Law at Utrecht University (The Netherlands), defence counsel acting before the ICTY, ICTR and SCSL, and a partner of the law firm Knoops & Partners Advocaten in Amsterdam, the Netherlands.     

建设法治政府与构建和谐社会

和谐社会是法治社会,法治政府在构建和谐社会中起主导和保障作用。建设法治政府是时代赋予的历史使命,法治政府依法管理社会,维护社会秩序,把冲突控制在秩序范围内,是构建和谐社会的基础;法治政府依法规范自己的权力,各级政府都要对自己作为或不作为的行为负责,打造负责任的法治政府是构建和谐社会的关键;完善立法,调适政府与公民的关系,解决人民内部矛盾纠纷是法治政府的职责,也是构建和谐社会的保障。