论公安建设

公安客体、公安勤务的无限多样性决定了公安建设的无限多样性。在所有公安建设项目中最重要最关键的是基础建设。在加强公安基础建设的同时,还必须解决好公安建设与公安资源、公安勤务的关系。     

规则与裁判：反收购中董事忠实义务的法律判断

在反收购中强调董事忠实义务,是由于其中存在着董事利益冲突.如何判断董事在反收购中尽到了忠实义务,英美国家有不同的方式和规则.对此,文章认为我国法律应解决三个问题:(1)明确董事在反收购中的行为权限;(2)确立正当目的标准;(3)完善收购市场的信息披露机制.     

行政失职及其法律责任

行政失职既指行政主体没有行使其职权,更主要的是指没有履行其职责,包括程序上的不作为即未启动履行程序,也包括履行实质内容未满足具体行政职责各要素的要求;既指没有履行法定职责,也包括没有履行因行政契约、行政承诺、内部行政规定等原因而产生的行政职责.追究行政失职的法律责任制度设计除了考虑对相关公务人员予以制裁以外,还应明确作为组织的行政主体的责任,还应考虑完善其救济和补偿功能,明确行政主体的损害赔偿责任.     

论瑕疵出资股东对公司债权人的民事责任

在股东有限责任的制度安排下,为保障公司债权人利益,股东必须履行法定的出资义务。但在现实经济生活中,股东瑕疵出资侵害公司债权人利益的现象相当普遍。围绕股东瑕疵出资的法律规制这一命题,本文探讨了瑕疵出资股东对公司债权人的民事责任,认为在股东瑕疵出资的情形下,应排除该瑕疵出资股东的有限责任保护,由该瑕疵出资股东对公司债权人承担补充清偿责任。     

户外运动组织者违反安全保障义务的侵权责任

户外运动的组织者对于户外运动的参加者具有安全保障义务,如果因组织者未尽到其注意义务而导致参加者遭受人身损害,组织者应当负侵权责任。判断户外运动的发起、召集人是否为组织者,主要根据是否对户外运动具有一定的控制能力。组织者的安全保障义务一般包括事前的准备义务、警告和告知义务以及活动中的谨慎行为义务。自冒风险是户外运动组织者责任的重要抗辩事由,应当根据风险层次的不同分为非极限性和极限性户外运动两种类型,分别适用基本型默示自冒风险和派生合理性自冒风险。     

警察巡逻综合执法的定位选择

我国警察巡逻综合执法是在职能单一的警察巡逻"警种化"情况下提出来的,经过职责"社会化"的探索后回归到"勤务化"进程。职责"社会化"的警察巡逻综合执法存在削弱治安管理功能、违反职权法定原则、带来新的职权冲突、违反法治精神等缺陷;"勤务化"的警察巡逻综合执法具有提高行政执法效率、遏制执法行为腐败、促进警察机构精简等优势。"多警合一"的模式推进了警察巡逻综合执法职责"勤务化"的发展与创新。     

The Duty to Protect Women from Sexual Violence in South Africa

In 1998 Ghia Van Eeden was sexually assaulted by a serial rapist who had escaped from police custody due to the negligence of the South African police authorities. Claiming that the State owed a common law duty of care to potential victims to protect them from violent crimes, Van Eeden sought damages for the harm she had suffered. In a path-breaking decision, the Supreme Court of Appeal (S.C.A.) found that a duty of care did indeed exist and that its execution had to be considered in line with the constitutional requirement to protect women's right to be free from violence and the constitutional obligation to develop the common law so as to promote the spirit, purport and objects of the South African Bill of Rights. Examining the Van Eeden decision in terms of its substantial development of the circumstances in which the State may be judged liable for a wrongful omission, this note positions the S.C.A.'s decision in the context of the evolving case law of the Constitutional Court on sexual violence and ultimately questions its practical significance for addressing the prevalent abuse of women in South Africa. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

关于我国政府职能体系的解释

如果不能准确界定作为公共需求之公共物品的性质、差别和范围 ,就无法合理划定政府职能的边界。在这上面存在的模糊认识再加上政府职能自身具有自然扩张等属性 ,导致了我国以往政府管理中的职能越位、错位和缺位现象。政府管理的方向是按照公共物品生产与供给的条件要求切实建立起以“经济调节 ,市场监管 ,社会管理 ,公共服务”为基本框架的公共行政职能体系。     

Application Districts: An Emerging Spatial Form in the Computer Software Industry

This paper presents a stylized theory of the geography of the computer software industry. It is timely because countries around the world, and at different stages of development, have targeted that industry for attention because of its growth and stability, and the quality of the jobs it provides. I demonstrate that the software industry is decentralizing away from the centers that were first established in the 1970s, but there is no process of de-concentration underway. Old clusters are losing their share of national employment, but they are being replaced by new clusters, and not by a generalized dispersal of the industry. I explain this pattern in terms of a spatial division of labor emerging in the software industry. This division is not based on a low-skill/high-skill labor dichotomy, as in high tech manufacturing, but on a distinction within high-skilled labor between those working on general-purpose technology and those developing applications for specific uses. I call the new clusters where specialized applications are developed application districts.     

论董事“善意”规则的演进及其对我国的借鉴意义

从我国公司法的规定来看,勤勉义务和忠实义务不能完全涵盖董事对公司和股东造成损害的不当行为,亟待突破公司法关于董事勤勉义务和忠实义务的框架。在此方面,美国特拉华州公司法中的"善意"规则的演进对我国具有借鉴意义。在特拉华州,确认"善意义务"的独立性有其客观价值,但也存在逻辑困境,故存在巨大争议。我国学者对于引入董事的"善意"规则存在两种截然不同的观点。为应对实践中纷繁复杂的董事责任纠纷,我国应立足于实践需求,通过理论创新,将董事"善意"规则确定为董事信义义务制度的内涵,甚至将"善意义务"定位为独立的董事义务也未尝不可,但暂时不宜将公司合规确立为独立的董事义务。