Capturing the Regional Economic Benefits of University Technology Transfer: A Case Study

Despite a high concentration of brainpower and federally funded research, some universities have been unable to translate these assets into regionally based economic activity. The author uses an ethnographic method interviewing university officials and academic entrepreneurs in New York City, which has a relatively poor record of local start-up creation. The author finds that universities that view the primary objective of technology transfer as a revenue generator for their institutions generate fewer spin-offs than those that incorporate a local economic development component. Internal advocacy and faculty interest, however, can affect university behavior. The author also finds that academic entrepreneurs with a pre-existing affiliation with the licensing institution are more likely to locate in the area than outsiders utilizing the technology. Entrepreneurs exhibit a distinct locational calculus based on a range of variables including real estate costs, founders’ preference and the geographical proximity of key firm relationships.      

东北亚区域林业经贸合作发展战略的有效实施

东北亚区域林业经贸合作是区域内各国可以先行的和最有潜力的合作领域。东北亚区域林业经贸合作应当走“区域发展、梯度重点推进”的实施战略,要以中俄森林资源合作开发利用作为推动整个区域林业经贸合作的切入点,以林业直接投资合作的启动为现实起点,以中俄林业经贸合作作为整个东北亚区域林业经贸合作的突破口来带动东北亚区域林业经贸合作的发展。     

The Entrepreneur as Innovator

Throughout intellectual history as we know it, the entrepreneur has worn many faces and played many roles. One of those roles is innovator. This essay establishes a chronological trace of the entrepreneur as innovator in an effort to place contemporary writings within a proper historical perspective.     

试析欧盟对华经贸政策的历史演变

在世界多极化和经济全球化的时代,研究欧盟对华经贸政策的历史演变,分析其影响因素,对促进世 界经济、政治以及中欧关系意义重大。     

探析GATT/WTO体制的政治经济学

从GATT到WTO,这一多边贸易体制对世界经济的发展起了重要的作用。随着经济全球化进程的加快和中国入世,研究GATT/WTO业已形成的规则背后所蕴涵的国际政治和经济关系,以及这些规则不断发展的动力及其来源,对我国体制改革、经济发展和政治稳定有着重要的理论意义和现实意义。     

Appellate and trial court caseload growth: A pooled time-series-cross-section analysis

This is an econometric study of factors behind filing growth since 1970 in state trial courts and, especially, appellate courts. The model posits two categories of variables: those affecting the supply of disputes and those affecting the costbenefit considerations of potential litigants. The study uses a pooled time-seriescross-section design and a fixed-effects regression procedure. The overall conclusion is that factors determining the supply of disputes overwhelm other factors entered in the model. At the trial level, economic conditions 2 years earlier strongly affect civil filings, and crime rates for the current and prior year have moderate impacts on criminal filings. The output capacity of trial courts, measured by the number of judges, has a strong impact on appeals. Economic conditions and trial court filings influence civil appeals in later years, and prison commitments influence criminal appeals. The great majority of cost-benefit factors, such as simplification of appellate procedure and interest-rate differentials, showed little or no impact on appeals.In view of the rising emphasis on replicability (Dewaldet al., 1986; Campbell, 1986; Cook and Zarkin, 1986), we stress that the data for this research are available from the Inter-Univarsity consortium for Political and Social Research, and we will provide copies of the computer printouts giving the programs (that apply SAS) and the results. In addition, Court Studies periodically updates the data set, and it will supply current data upon request.     

政府与公民合作理念的深层思考

以往各国政府都采用了官僚制组织模式,但是随着社会发展,其弊端不断显现。时至今日,公共行政应该弘扬一种以合作理念为主导价值的服务行政治理模式。这种合作理念是诚信、平等、谈判与监督诸理念于一体的综合价值体系。对传统公共行政价值取向及其官僚制反思与扬弃,弘扬政府与公民之间的合作理念是通向未来服务行政社会治理模式的现实途径之一。     

中俄林业合作的经验及存在问题

中俄林业合作符合国际贸易中的资源禀赋理论。俄罗斯拥有丰富的森林资源 ,但劳动力缺乏、资金不足 ;中国因实施天然林保护工程 ,形成过剩的林业工人和闲置的采运机械设备。两国进行林业合作不仅是必要的 ,而且也是有可能的     

析泰国在禁毒执法领域中的国际合作机制

在全球一体化的进程中,许多国家的贩毒网络已发展成有组织的、分工明确、牵连多个国家和地区的跨国贩毒模式,因此,凭借一个国家之力要彻底捣毁这类贩毒团伙是非常困难的,必须通过各国通力合作,采用“特殊手段”才能有效摧毁这类贩毒网络。泰国与其他国家进行引渡跨国犯罪合作由来以久,目前,泰国的跨国犯罪引渡法正处于修改完善阶段并与其他国家签署了10个引渡跨国犯罪的协议。     

Crime patterns and their relation to subjective social stress and support indicators: The role of gender

This study investigated the relationship between the subjective perception of stress and support in the population (as independent variables) and the prevalence of homicide, robbery, and property offenses in society, while controlling for the effect of gender, i.e., how these crimes are related to the differential perception of stress and support among males and females. The theoretical framework is provided by a stress-support model which postulates that crime in society will be positively related to stress factors and negatively related to support systems. Eight stress indicators and four support (solidarity) indicators were included. The data regarding these indicators were derived from continuing surveys of representative samples of the urban population in Israel during the years 1967–1979. The theoretical model was supported by the findings, especially those relating to property offenses. The effects of the female indicators were strongest (and greater than those of males) with regard to property offenses. The regression coefficients of the female indicators were also consistently larger than those of males, indicating that women's perceptions of stress are better predictors of crime rates than those of males. The results are compared to those of previous studies and suggestions are made for future studies in this new line of criminological research.