Universities and State Policy Formation: Rationalizing a Nanotechnology Strategy in Pennsylvania

Technology‐based economic development programs have become a salient feature of the state policy landscape since the 1980s. While much research exists on the topic, little attention has been given to the processes of policy formation. State programs have moved towards high technology areas emphasized at the federal level over the past decades, and nanotechnology became one of the latest targets. This paper examines the eight‐year process through which Pennsylvania adopted a “state‐wide strategy,” culminating in the Pennsylvania Initiative for Nanotechnology. In this process, programs that responded to the interests of multiple agents came first, and a state policy was formulated after the fact. This pattern of “rationalized policy formation,” as opposed to rational policy formation, may be more common than suspected. Its strengths and weaknesses in this Pennsylvania case are discussed.     

An overview: A new era of tax enforcement – from “big stick” to responsive regulation

Recent developments in regulation and tax administration in Australia inspired this article on tax compliance and responsive regulation. This article analyzes the economics of crime and compliance as the dominant approach to tax enforcement of the past three and a half decades. It evaluates the key advantages and disadvantages of the economic approach as well as its application to tax. The article then explores responsive regulation as an alternative method that draws on the economic paradigm but also supplements this approach with other theories, particularly those involving identity, conflict escalation, and procedural justice. Building on this analysis and a case study of Australian investors in mass marketed tax schemes, the article suggests that the broader, more balanced, and closely tailored method of regulating responsively may enable regulators to draw on the advantages of the economic model while alleviating some of its drawbacks. Responsive regulation may therefore constitute a superior method for regulating compliance.     

试论经济全球化形势下党的作风建设

经济全球化既为党的作风建设提供了新的机遇,同时又使党的作风建设面临严峻的考验。以积极的心态应对经济全球化,这是我们党主动适应经济全球化采取的正确的决策。     

程序的多重视角

程序是法学(法律)的一个独立范畴。由于语境不同,中西方对“程序”的理解有较大的差异,国内学者对法律程序进行解释时存在误读现象。完整地认识程序,需要完整的观察视角。只有从人权、法治、民主和经济等多元视角来诠释法律程序的价值和功能,才可能较完整地认识实体权利和程序权利的相互关系。     

涉众型经济犯罪案件 追缴与退赔执行的困境及对策

涉众型经济犯罪的复杂性、特殊性决定了其判后追缴、退赔工作的难度,在"重人身、轻财产"的刑事司法理念影响下,涉案财产的性质与权属不明、查控与保全滞后、裁判主文表述不明等问题都未能给判后执行创造良好的基础和条件,且容易造成审判与执行的脱节。对此,应及早保全涉案财物并妥善保管,构建正当的审理程序,落实实体审理内容并规范制作裁判文书,为后续执行奠定正当性的实体基础和物质基础。     

Changing classes,changing preferences: how social class mobility affects economic preferences

Abstract

While many studies have identified an association between social class and economic preferences, we know little about the implications of changes in class location for these preferences. This article assesses how social class and intra-generational class mobility affect economic preferences drawing on longitudinal data from the British Household Panel Survey. In doing so, the article adopts a post-industrial perspective that considers horizontal and vertical class divisions. Even when time-invariant characteristics of individuals are kept constant (through fixed-effects estimation), it is found that both vertical and horizontal class location explain economic preferences. Thus, these estimations suggest that social class moulds preferences, even when accounting for factors that can lead to selection into classes. Moreover, people who change classes hold different economic preferences than their peers in the class of origin, but do not completely assimilate into their class of destination. This implies that growing intra-generational class mobility could undermine the class basis of political conflict.     

加强山东与日韩经济合作的路径分析

山东与韩国和日本在经济合作上有着得天独厚的地缘和资源优势,同时也存在着诸多的制约因素。加强山东与日韩经济合作的路径应是在有效弥合双方差异的同时加大克服自身缺陷的力度,积极参与东北亚经济合作,加大研发投入;加大农业科技开发力度,提高农产品的国际竞争力;实施差异化发展战略,构建区域一体化新机制;着力发展制造业,实现产业升级换代。     

省直管县改革背景下市县横向分治与合作机制之构建

省直管县改革是为适应经济社会快速发展而进行的行政层级调整,对于破除市管县体制藩篱、激活和增强县域经济发展活力、提高行政效率具有重大意义.实践中,市县科层结构"交错纠缠"、省级政府管理幅度偏大、市县资源依赖关系受到冲击等问题一定程度上影响了省直管县改革的推进,导致改革的政策红利未能充分释放.应从增加省直管县试点数量、推动...     

实证主义经济宪法学的基本结构——一个基于文献综述的研究

实证主义经济宪法学的研究包括了对制宪程序及其影响因素的经济研究和对宪法规则产生的经济影响的研究两个部分。前者包括:第一,静态经济研究,主要是对影响制宪程序的因素的研究,在制宪的经济背景,个体的利益衡量、偏好、价值观、意识形态,社会的风俗、习惯、社会规范和诸如利益集团、社会组织、供以参考的其他国家的宪政制度等。第二,动态经济研究,主要包括对显性宪法变迁的经济研究和对隐性宪法变迁的经济研究。后者包括研究宪法权利的经济影响和研究统治结构的经济影响。     

宋代民间物权关系的家族主义特征

中国古代民间物权关系随着各个时期宗族组织形式的演进而呈现不同的时代烙印.宋代宗族组织呈现了两极运动的发展趋向:民间宗族组织继承了唐末五代政治冲击后遗留的小家小户的分化趋势,而宋代在新兴士大夫阶级和皇帝提倡下又出现了聚宗收族的历史潮流.民间物权关系作为相应的法律映象也呈双向发展:小规模家庭成为民间物权关系的普遍性主体,其民事主体资格得到法律认可,表现为其私产处分权自由度的提升,而传统的亲邻优先权必然随之弱化;另一方面,族产作为重建宗族、维系族众的经济核心,法律亦相应增容了族产的形态类别并对其增强了保护力度.