Challenges of Local Ownership: Understanding the Outcomes of the International Community’s ‘Light Footprint’ Approach to the Nepal Peace Process

This article investigates whether a ‘light footprint’ approach to peacekeeping and peacebuilding by the international community more effectively addresses local drivers of conflict than the dominant model of large, multidimensional peace operations. It considers international engagement in the Nepalese peace process through the United Nations Mission in Nepal (UNMIN), and argues that the international community’s approach to local ownership became more focused on non-imposition and therefore less politically engaged over time as a result of both local and international factors. This facilitated local elite ownership of the process, which fundamentally undermined the international community’s capacity to support peace consolidation as elites moved away from key transformational pledges of the peace settlement.     

The Origins of the European Coalition for Vision: Exploring the Formation of a Network

Despite growing interest in EU-level transnational networks, there is little understanding about how these form. This article investigates the formation of one network—the European Coalition for Vision (ECV). Using document analysis of 100 email exchanges, 12 semi-structured interviews, and observation of 5 ECV meetings, it identifies environmental and organizational triggers, most important to the creation of the ECV. Findings show that while environmental triggers played a role in ECV formation, organizational triggers were crucial. In particular, the presence of network leaders, a network entrepreneur and a network mentor were vital for the successful creation of the network.     

If I'll win it,I want it: The role of instrumental considerations in explaining public support for referendums

Across established democracies, citizens express high levels of support for decision making via referendums. What drives these preferences remains yet unclear. In this article it is argued that, first, process preferences are less stable than previously assumed but vary substantially across policy proposals. Second, it is suggested that instrumental considerations play an important role in shaping citizens’ preferences for referendums. Specifically, citizens who favour the policy proposal or believe that they hold a majority opinion are expected to express more support for the use of referendums. An original survey was designed and conducted in the Netherlands (N = 1,289) that contains both between and within respondent variation across a range of policy proposals. The findings support these arguments: Both the desire for a specific policy change and the perception of being in the majority with one's policy preference relate to support for the use of referendums across policy proposals, levels of governance, and between and within respondents. This study contributes to a better understanding of process preferences by showing that these preferences have a non-stable component and that instrumental considerations play an important role in citizens’ support for referendums.     

Disputes in Japan: A cross-cultural test of the procedural justice model

Research on procedural justice has provided ample evidence that people are concerned not only with the outcome of disputes but also with the fairness of the procedures used to resolve disputes. The majority of the studies examining the importance of procedural justice have been conducted in the United States and Western European countries. This study tests the generality of the procedural justice model by examining the importance of fair procedures to people in a non-Western country, Japan. This study also examines the meaning of a fair procedure from a legal perspective. Past studies have drawn the procedural justice criteria considered from social psychology. We examine several additional criteria derived from the legal concept of due process of law. Results indicate that fair procedures are more important to subjects than fair outcomes in both a traffic accident dispute and a breach of contract case. Furthermore, across both types of disputes, fairness concerns are more important than nonfairness concerns. These results are consistent with findings from studies conducted in Western countries. A new finding that emerges from the study is that the clarity with which a procedure is formulated and presented is a strong determinant of procedural justice judgments.     

论治安管理处罚程序制度——治安案件办案程序研究之一

治安管理处罚程序,是由公安机关作出治安管理处罚的步骤、方式、时限及顺序构成的行为过程.公安机关和人民警察办理治安案件应当遵循治安管理处罚程序的公开制度、公证制度、合理制度、效益制度等.     

行政合理性原则之内涵重塑与现实运用

行政合理性原则作为行政法基本原则已经受理论和实践的巨大挑战,重新界定行政合理性原则具有重要的理论和实际意义。     

非退化扩散过程的维数及局部时

本文用一般分布函数的方法讨论了多维非退化扩散过程样本轨道的分形性质,给出了其象集代数和及图集的Hausdorff维数,并证明了其局部时的存在性.     

完善我国行政合同救济制度

行政管理的形式随着我国民主和法治建设的不断发展更加多样化,行政合同作为我国一种新型的行政管理手段,在行政机关运用的越来越频繁。但我国行政合同法律制度相对滞后,行政合同的救济制度存在诸多问题。行政合同行为属于行政诉讼的受案范围,行政程序法应对行政合同行为作专门规定。     

The Combet Case and the Appropriation of Taxpayers' Funds for Political Advertising – An Erosion of Fundamental Principles?

This article contains a critical discussion of Combet v The Commonwealth (2005) and the reasons given by the High Court in that case, for dismissing the legal challenge to the present government's political advertising campaign in support of its Workchoice legislation which was conducted before the publication or enactment of that legislation. It also deals with the implications of the case for the declining significance in modern times of the parliamentary appropriation process as a means of ensuring the accountability of governments for the expenditure of taxpayers' funds. The article concludes with a discussion of the possibility of future parliaments (regardless of their political complexion) reasserting their control over the appropriation process and restricting the use of government advertising for political purposes.     

治安调解若干问题研究

治安调解是公安机关依法对因民间纠纷违反治安管理行为的非处罚性处理方法。究竟需要怎样的治安调解制度,应当将其置于整个纠纷解决机制之中加以考察。依据《中华人民共和国治安管理处罚法》第9条关于治安调解的原则性规定,治安调解适用的情形主要在该法第43条和第49条规定调整的范围内。治安案件不适用“谁主张,谁举证”的原则,当事人只需表明自己的权益受损,证明责任由警察担当。但不应将公安机关的证明责任绝对化,尤其是在当事人因民间纠纷提起治安处罚程序,要求公安机关追究对方责任的情形下,当事人应当对证明自己主张的案件事实承担一定的证明责任。治安调解的程序适用一方面应便于公安机关掌握纠纷事实真相,明确双方责任,提出处理建议;另一方面还须为调解不成或者不履行协议的治安处罚服务。