市场转型中城市精英实践逻辑与困境

在社会转型的过程中,中国城市精英的变化及未来走向问题引人注目。在精英再生产理论和精英循环理论争论背景下,文章运用"实践逻辑"的思考方式,解释市场转型中精英的实践逻辑:精英配置、精英循环与精英互换,以及精英转型遇到的困境。改革开放以来,经济精英和技术精英的重要性越来越得到重视,而不是只有政治精英独占鳌头。而在精英阶层配置发生变化时,政治精英、经济精英和知识精英的互换频繁,并日益形成一个总体性联盟。这样随之而来的是精英阶层和底层社会的利益博弈,以及两级分化和社会断裂的危险。     

Uganda's decentralised primary education: musical chairs and inverted elite capture in School Management Committees

Decentralisation policies in Africa increasingly place responsibilities and resources for the provision of public services in the hands of public bodies at the lowest level, for example in School Management Committees (SMCs). This paper questions whether elite capture, which is considered a major reason for the ineffectiveness of the management of public services at a national level, also characterises SMCs. On the basis of field research in Uganda, it is argued that elite capture does not trickle down to the lowest levels in the management of public services. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

自救行为法定化与抓捕行为规范化的区分——从近期发生的“驾车撞劫匪”事件谈起

扭送是指公民使用强制手段，将特定的犯罪嫌疑人、罪犯送交公安司法机关处理的行为；抓捕是指被害人或其他公民在不法侵害已经结束的情况下为了不让其逃跑，用强力制服不法侵害人的行为；自救是指权利受到侵害的人，在情况紧急而又不能及时请求国家机关救助的条件下，依靠自身力量求得权利恢复，而对他人的合法权益造成损害的正当行为。自救、抓捕与扭送三种行为既有区别又有联系，三者在主体、对象、目的和手段等方面有着较大的差异，同时也存在一定的竞合关系。解决“驾车撞劫匪”类型化问题的路径主要有二：抓捕行为规范化和自救行为法定化。笔者赞同“自救行为法定化”的观点，理由是：自救是人的最自然的本能和权利，自救行为可成为公力救济的补充，自救行为与正当防卫、紧急避险共同构成完整的私力救济体系，能更有效地保护当事人的合法权益；建议在《刑法》第21条紧急避险后增加关于“自救行为”的规定。     

试论我国法官的精英化

现代社会精英是在民主政治、知识理性和社会分工潮流等因素共同作用下 ,通过开放、流动的社会竞争机制形成的卓越阶层。现代法官群体属于现代社会精英的一部分 ,它在构筑经验正义 ,推进民主与法治 ,维护法律统一实施等方面发挥着不可替代的作用。造就人文主义模式的精英法官群体是我国法官职业建设的目标 ,未来应通过保障宪法意义上的司法独立 ,改革法官选任制度 ,保持法官规模精当适度 ,以及防止法官异化等途径 ,推进法官精英化目标的实现     

建立和健全我国刑事悬赏制度的法律思考

在国内外的侦查实践中 ,刑事悬赏已经得到广泛的应用。作为刑事侦查中行之有效地破案措施 ,要正确运用刑事悬赏 ,必须从法律角度对刑事悬赏的概念、效力、进行深入的分析 ,从而设计出符合我国国情的刑事悬赏制度。     

论追捕在逃职务犯罪嫌疑人的策略及方法

根据被追捕对象可能活动的地域及检察机关开展工作直接作用对象所在地,实践中常用的方法包括本地追逃、外地追逃、跟踪追逃、境外追逃、通缉、敦促自首等六种。     

The death of security sector reform? The South African exemplar revisited

ABSTRACT

Security sector reform (SSR) or transformation in South Africa has until recently almost universally been regarded as a success. While achievements have been real and many are enduring, under the presidency of Jacob Zuma a creeping effort by corrupt parvenu elites to capture the state for personal enrichment has become evident. The impact of this on the SSR project has not been sufficiently analysed. This article does not deal with state capture per se, which would be massive task and for which evidence is still emerging. It limits itself to the impact of state capture on the SSR project, examining the hollowing out of the defence function, as well as the corruption and factional politicisation of the intelligence, policing and prosecutions functions (it does not deal with the capture of state-owned enterprises, which would require a study in its own right). It concludes that SSR has been significantly undermined. The question is asked whether a resurrection is possible or desirable.     

行政吸纳抑或资源俘获:智慧养老服务供给中政府与社会组织的互动关系研究--基于苏南Y街道智慧养老服务项目的案例分析

政府与社会组织的互动关系研究存在于多个领域。从政府与社会关系理论视角看,政府主导的公共服务供给客观上形成对社会组织的吸纳,但由于社会组织在补充人力、筹集资金、提供信息支持等方面占据优势,可能在一定程度上产生对政府部门的资源俘获。作为政府与社会组织关系的两个极端,行政吸纳和资源俘获在智慧养老服务供给过程中同时存在,而互动合作和协商共治是走出行政吸纳和资源俘获现状的必然路径。     

论我国环境执法机制的完善——从规制俘获的视角

规制俘获是被规制者对规制机构的一种支配和控制。由于规制机构所享有的宽泛的自由裁量权、被规制对象与规制受益人对规制过程参与的非对等性以及规制主体与被规制对象的利益结盟等原因,我国环境执法过程中出现了＂规制俘获＂,其表现为环境执法不严。为破解这一迷局,必须规范自由裁量权、强化环境保护目标责任制,并在各环境单行法中引入环境公民诉讼。     

Elite executives in issues management: the role of ethical paradigms in decision making

The perspectives of elite (or top‐level) issues managers on ethics are explored in this paper. From these elites we can learn how issues were managed at their global organisations and how questions of ethics were addressed in issues management. The organisations in this study were chosen because of their superlative rankings in measures of ethics and reputation. Research questions explored ethical decision making and the predominant paradigm of ethics in each organisation through six elite interviews and observation. Although both organisations attempted to address ethics, the elite issues managers at one organisation did so more thoroughly and effectively than did the managers at the other organisation. This efficacy was due to the depth of ethical study and training engaged in by the elites, the intense ethical analysis of issues, and the choice of a deontological approach to ethics. This paper argues that ethics should be concerted, codified, consistent, trained and rigorously analysed. A deontological paradigm of ethical decision making fits all of these criteria, and this research shows that a deontological ethical paradigm can contribute to effective issues management. Copyright © 2002 Henry Stewart Publications.