中日前近代商人思想及伦理价值取向的差异——兼论中日近代化进程出现落差的思想原因

中日在由前近代社会向近代社会转型时之所以出现巨大落差,从表征看是由于两国在转型期间所采取的方针和做法不同导致的,但更深层的原因,则在于各自前近代的社会基础及其普遍性价值取向,以及与资本主义精神生成有关的商人伦理思想等存在诸多不同。文章通过对中日前近代商人的商贾思想、商业伦理、营利观和"义利关系观"等进行考察和分析,不仅阐明了中日前近代商人思想及其价值取向的不同性质和特征,而且从一个侧面揭示了中日近代化进程之所以出现落差的思想原因。     

深化干部人事制度改革必须厘清的几个关键问题

干部人事制度改革是政治体制改革的核心内容之一,目前已经进入深水区。而理论和实践认识上的一些偏差和误区,是当前改革深入推进的重大障碍。为此,必须厘清党管干部原则与坚持和尊重群众、党员主体地位的关系,科学执政与民主执政、依法执政的关系,"一把手"负责制与集体领导的关系,群众公认与不唯票数的关系,信任关心与监督批评的关系。处理好这五个关系是深化干部人事制度改革的关键和重要前提。     

当前韩中文化外交存在的问题及对策

自韩中两国建交以来,韩中两国文化外交取得了巨大的成就。但是时至今日,韩中两国的文化外交也受到诸多制约因素的挑战,本文针对当前韩中文化外交存在的主要问题以及这些问题背后的深层根源进行了分析,并提出了具有针对性的建议,作者认为韩中两国应该从战略高度积极协调双方文化外交,并且要妥善处理历史认知问题和重新审视两国的大众传播媒体在塑造和服务于韩中文化外交过程中所扮演的角色,同时韩国政府要积极改善韩中两国文化产品输入不对等的问题。两国政府和民间要进一步拓宽两国民间外交的渠道和方式,进而全面提升韩中文化外交全面向前发展。     

PPC手枪训练考核中须注重的几个问题

PPC手枪实用训练、考核、竞赛在国际上广泛开展 ,在我国也迅速展开 ,收到了很好的效果 ,解决了枪战中遇到的许多困难。为了更好地将PPC手枪训练、考核及竞赛引入学校射击教学训练 ,首先 ,要将PPC实用射击训练与竞赛列入公安院校射击教学大纲 ,制订教学计划 ,纳入日常教学训练 ;第二 ,注重与基础射击相结合 ;第三 ,注重射击姿势和动作训练 ;第四 ,注重安全规则的学习与遵守。     

以经济伦理统筹全面小康社会的社会经济协调发展

全面建设小康社会包含了社会经济协调发展的实质内容,是终极关怀和现实关怀的合二为一。在建设全面小康背景下,以经济伦理建设整合全面小康社会的社会经济发展的价值体系,统筹社会经济的协调发展,不仅为我国的经济发展建立有效的经济价值观,而且也深刻体现了十六届三中全会"五个统筹"的会议精神。     

Trade Interdependence and the Use of Force: Do Issues Matter?

In this project, we investigate the relationship between the use of military force and trade interdependence, suggesting that the influence of trade on militarized conflict varies based on the issue under dispute. For some issues, trade is likely to attenuate the chances that states escalate a dispute to the use of military force, while for others trade can intensify disputes so that military conflict is more likely. Specifically, we hypothesize that greater trade interdependence decreases the probability of military conflict over realpolitik issues like territory. On the other hand, greater trade interdependence increases the probability that states use military force when the issue under dispute concerns the regime, policies, and conditions in the target. To test our hypotheses, we employ new data on dyadic uses of force from the International Military Intervention data set that records the initiator’s reason(s) for using force against the target. The statistical tests support our hypotheses; trade decreases the use of force against a target for territorial and military/diplomatic reasons, which is consistent with arguments from the liberal paradigm. However, trade interdependence increases the use of force for humanitarian and economic reasons as well as to affect the regime or policy of the target. Thus, our study improves upon current research about the relationship between economic interdependence and foreign policy by specifying a conditional relationship based on the issues under contention.     

网络产业中市场支配地位认定面临的新问题

网络产业中的市场支配地位受到不同于传统产业的一系列因素的影响,诸如网络效应、产品兼容、用户锁定、知识产权以及技术标准等都在网络产业市场支配地位的形成与维护中扮演重要角色。与之相适应,网络产业中的市场支配地位认定也面临一系列新问题：相关地区市场的界定在网络产业中变得更加复杂,传统的＂假定垄断者测试法＂面临质疑与挑战;市场份额对垄断力的影响在网络产业中相对减小,其计算方法与数值功能在网络产业中需要重新调整与评估;市场进入壁垒对垄断力的影响在网络产业中相对提升,传统壁垒减弱而新型壁垒增强。而将纯粹网络市场与混合市场予以区分、对＂盈利模式测试法＂、＂产品性能测试法＂、＂销售方式测试法＂等的尝试以及对由网络效应及其作用下的用户锁定、知识产权、技术标准等因素引发的新型市场进入壁垒的关注,则为解决这些新问题提供了具有建设性意义的新思路。     

“乡村政治研究”何以成为可能——当政治学“遭遇”乡村问题及之后

＂乡村政治研究＂发端于政治学与乡村问题的不期然＂遭遇＂,同时成长、演化于改革开放三十年尤其是1990年代以来的中国特定社会、政治时空场域中,并在时局变迁中走向日益紧密的互构与融合,最终成为一块可供学者在其中施展拳脚的研究领域。对中国政治学而言,这一＂相遇＂并＂联姻＂的过程,充满着从＂高昂＂到＂沉潜＂的震荡甚至创伤,经历了艰难曲折的转型,也收获了未曾预料的成果。通过这段政治学与乡村问题之间互动的学术发生、发展之历史的考察,可使我们对中国政治学及中国社会科学的特定生长逻辑有更深入的理解和认识,从而为探寻中国社会科学的中国社会之＂根＂提供些许线索。     

The Impact of Ethical Leadership on Police Officers’ Code of Silence and Integrity: Results from the Turkish National Police

This study aims to investigate the perceived seriousness of integrity violations and the impact of ethical leadership on integrity and the code of silence by using structural equation modeling. The results suggested that integrity violations are regarded by Turkish officers as serious offenses, as they are perceived by their colleagues in other countries. The study also revealed the existence of the code of silence among police officers. Finally, it suggested that leadership positively affects the integrity of police officers and has a significant effect on breaking the code of silence in Turkey. Based on the findings, policy implications were discussed.     

The preservation needs of public housing

Abstract

The paper examines the preservation needs of public housing from the perspective of its physical condition and its ongoing repair and replacement needs. It begins by examining the range of needs that exist today, including the level of expenditures that would be required to put the stock in working order to meet existing codes, and to ensure the long‐term viability of the development. It then explores the level of expenditures that would be required on an ongoing basis to keep the stock in good repair and to meet future capital and preventive maintenance needs. The final section addresses several important policy issues, including overall funding requirements, the cost‐effectiveness of preservation efforts compared with vouchers and new construction, the special problems of troubled public housing authorities, and the need to establish stronger incentives for capital planning.