论内在的客观处罚条件

在犯罪构成四要件说中，客观处罚条件没有存在余地。但是，在我国刑法立法中，已经出现一些关于客观处罚条件的条文。如何理解和适用这些规定是理论上不可回避的问题。国外的通说认为，所有的客观处罚条件都不要求行为人认识和预见。但是，笼统地看待客观处罚条件，有将复杂问题简单化之嫌。坚持阶层式的犯罪成立要件理论，根据某种条件和违法性的关系密切程度，可以将客观处罚条件分为内在的客观处罚条件和外在的客观处罚条件。承认内在的客观处罚条件概念，客观的超过要素概念就没有必要再提倡。     

国家环境危险防御义务的二元制度结构

环境危险防御义务是国家环境保护义务的主要类型之一，其要求国家公权力采取措施对环境危险因素加以干预和排除。为实现国家环境危险防御义务，在管制行政相对人行为的“外部效力”面向上，应强化立法权对行政权的约束；在约束国家行为的“内部效力”面向上，司法权应对行政权保持必要之谦抑。排除环境危险、维护环境权益是当前中国环境法治的重要任务，需要根据“外部效力/内部效力”的二元制度结构进行有针对性的分析，通过国家公权力的合理配置实现国家环境危险防御义务。     

警院精神价值探析

警院精神是新时期公安精神的重要体现。在人民内部矛盾突显、刑事犯罪高发、对敌斗争复杂的形势下,社会发展的客观现实要求公安院校必须用专业和趋势规划未来,更要有战略的智慧和长远的眼光。在崇尚科学文化与和谐发展的现代社会,大学校园文化越来越成为校园凝聚力、创造力的重要源泉和大学综合实力竞争的重要因素。探讨警院精神的价值追求正是对公安高等学府校园文化建设和新时期公安精神的深层关注。警院精神有着对警察院校建设和发展的内在价值及对社会发展的外在价值。     

论边境生态文化旅游--东兴旅游发展战略选择

边境旅游是我国新兴的旅游形式。东兴作为中越边境的旅游地具有独特的区位优势和旅游资源优势。交通可达性、城镇依托关系及区域市场潜在因素成为支撑东兴成为旅游中心地的基本条件。边境资源、生态资源、文化资源的特质使东兴旅游具有较大的开发潜力。据此 ,东兴的旅游发展战略可确定为“以边境旅游为基础 ,以生态旅游为主导 ,以文化旅游为底蕴”的多元发展战略。这一战略的实施措施主要为 :科学制订旅游发展总体规则 ;加大优势宣传 ,形成中越双向交流和活而有序的边境旅游格局和管理模式 ;将生态旅游作为长期的发展战略目标来抓 ;对文化旅游进行深入研究和整合 ;形成多元旅游投资体系。     

经济发展代价与环境资源利用--环境成本确认和计量问题探讨

环境会计是将会计理论和环境资源问题结合起来的一门新学科,它的中心和重点是环境成本会计.环境因素的不确定性和现行会计制度的局限,使得对环境成本的确认和计量存在很多问题,对这些问题的研究和探讨,有助于在现行的成本核算体系中纳入环境因素,全面反映企业的经济效益和环境业绩.     

开展中俄农业合作，构建外向型优势农业

黑龙江省与俄罗斯远东地区有3040公里的边境线,发展外向型优势农业前景广阔。东宁县正按照"科学规划、合理布局、迅速启动、分步实施"的原则,努力构建"黑龙江省东南部—北部沿边地区外向型优势农业发展带",形成纵贯中俄边境、产业密集度高、利益联结紧密的特定农业示范区域。     

特朗普政府反恐预警机制改革论析

特朗普上台伊始,以“伊斯兰国”为代表的外部恐怖力量的恶性发展和本土“独狼”式恐怖袭击的频发严重威胁着美国安全,民众不安全感因此持续上升,加之美国反恐系统的缺陷,要求改革美国反恐预警机制的呼声日增。特朗普政府改革反恐预警机制的举措主要包括加强反恐情报搜集和分析、加强与盟友的情报合作与共享机制、加强边界与海关的预防管控、强化反恐预防执法机制、修正国家威胁警报系统公告发布机制等五个方面。纵观特朗普政府执政近两年的反恐预警机制改革实践,其实际效果并不明显。特朗普与情报界的紧张关系及特朗普政府的情报失误、强化移民治理机制、预防恐怖分子政策、对穆斯林敌对性的移民政策、边界预防管控的任性政策及反恐战略的不确定性等,都将影响美国正常反恐预警机制的形成,也会影响美国反恐预警机制的效果与改革方向。美国要预防恐怖主义需要在国内解决社会分裂问题,在国外放弃霸凌政策以缓解反美力量的对美的敌对情绪,美国面临的恐怖威胁才有可能降低。     

Naqshbandi Sufis and their conception of place,time and fear on the Turkish-Syrian border and borderland

The employment of diverse forms of security and control on territorial borders have led to the production of numerous events of border crossings, smuggling, banditry and death along with stories of separation, loss, mourning, pain, and yearning in the everyday life of border people. The Naqshbandi Khaznavi order has an expansive interpersonal social network across the political borders of Turkish and Syrian nation-states. This work analyzes the ways in which Sufis dealt with diverse aspects of the Turkish-Syrian border by unbinding shackles and orders of political system that were fabricated constantly from the 1920s to the early 1980s. The life stories and narratives of the Sufis document the existence of a religious-cultural landscape, diversifying the perception of place, time and fear which have transcended political borders for decades, contradicting official cartographic imagination and the modern-secular understanding of place and time. Besides, in addition to analyses of religious orders as social, economic and political entities, this work aims to elucidate emotional aspects of relations and faith that coexist between Sufis and their Sheikh in the context of spatial distance, political border and fear of death.     

Empirical study on the influence of organizational learning and capability on technological mnovanon

Based upon the generalization of those theories in organizational learning, organizational capability and technological innovation, the essay discusses the influence of organizational learning and capability in technological innovation, and presents its relevant hypotheses. On analyzing the effective sample data from 682 enterprises of different industries across 10 provinces and cities in China, the empirical results reveal that external learning is in favor of enterprises to cultivate dynamic capability but to disfavor in improving the existing operational capability, internal learning benefits enterprises to improve the existing operational capability but to disbenefit in cultivating dynamic capability, dynamic capability has a positive impact on operational capability, dynamic capability has significantly positive correlation with product innovation and process innovation, while operational capability has only evidently positive correlation with product innovation.     

MyOverseasVote: liberalism and extraterritorial citizenship

This article engages with the liberalist conception of extraterritorial citizenship in examining the pioneering attempt of the Malaysian diaspora to make a rights-based claim for extraterritorial voting. Using the case study of MyOverseasVote (MOV), a transnational advocacy group, this paper demonstrates how the Malaysian diaspora staked their constitutional claim as absent citizens and challenged the state’s definition of absent voters. The bottom-up reform is framed within the context of equalization of rights due to the salient ethnic element embedded in extraterritorial Malaysian citizenship. This liberalization of the external voting legislation has de-ethnicized but not equalized voting rights outside the country between publicly and privately employed citizens overseas. During the 13th General Election (GE13), Malaysia introduced a limited diaspora franchise conditioned upon territoriality and connectivity, affirming the continued relevance of territorial sovereignty.