行为能力欠缺者的公司发起人资格--基于法解释学的一般套路

传统理论主张行为能力欠缺者不能充任公司发起人,是一个普遍的误解。无论是从民法视野,还是从法解释、比较法、立法背景等角度分析,都不能简单地否定行为能力欠缺者的公司发起人资格。我国《公司法》应明确规定行为能力欠缺者可以自己名义设立公司,并应吸收德国法院判例经验对行为能力欠缺者设立公司的活动予以适当规制。在商法领域,应当树立“行为自治”的理念,由商事主体在市场竞争中对商业风险自主进行识别、判断,并自负其责,法律只需为这一判断过程构建辅助机制。     

Spatial mobility of knowledge transfer and absorptive capacity: analysis and measurement of the impact within the geoeconomic space

This paper analyses the spatial mobility of knowledge and technology transfer and measures the economic impact on the geo-economic space. The data of laboratories operating in different research and technological fields are used. The results show that, when the distance from the source of knowledge (research institute) to users increases, the impact of knowledge and technology transfer decreases with damped pulsations. The magnitude of knowledge and technology transfer shows a high intensity within the industrial district because small businesses are able to acquire externally scientific knowledge, without conducting in-house research, but by interactions with public scientific bodies and adopting both collective rules that act as collective knowledge devices, making collective learning possible, and skilled labor.

我国法律方法教育的反思

在法学教育中,法律方法即把法律规范运用到裁判案件中所采用的方法具有双重属性,即知识的属性和能力的属性。就法律方法的知识属性而言,它应成为法学教学中的知识传授对象,就法律方法的能力属性而言,它又是法律人才必备的素养。目前,我国法学教育既没有重视法律方法知识在法律人才培养中的作用,也没建立起较完善的训练法律技能的有效机制。法律方法教育是我国目前法学教育的薄弱环节,因而应当成为当下法学教育必须重视并着力解决的根本性问题之一。     

发展中成员利用WTO争端解决机制的困境及能力建设

WTO争端解决机制对于有效解决成员间贸易争端、促进自由贸易进程起着重大的推动作用。然而,考察各成员参与WTO争端解决机制的实践后发现,占WTO成员大多数的发展中成员充分利用该机制的寥寥无几,而阻碍发展中成员利用该机制的原因在于发展中成员缺乏相应的能力,成员国内政府与私人产业之间的联系缺乏法律保障。发展中成员利用WTO争端解决机制能力建设的有效途径,是政府在其国内为私人产业创建一种正式的行政程序申诉制度。     

大连市甘井子区精神病人涉案情况调查

在司法实践中 ,精神病患者由于精神障碍引发触犯刑律的反社会行为渐呈上升之势 ,尤以暴力案件居多。此类案件的办案工作突出地表现为四难 :调查取证难、审讯结案难、甄别鉴定难、消化处理难。文章通过对大连市甘井子区 2 0 0 1年精神病人涉案情况的调查与剖析 ,对防治精神病人犯案问题作出了理性思考。     

谈数码相机的常见缺陷

在数码相机生成的数字影像上,会出现一些传统照片中没见过的色彩伪像、光溢、"毛刺"与"勾边"、色差、数码镜头景深的变化、宽容度等质量缺陷,在使用时应该特别注意,尽量避免。     

“一把手”的战略思维与驾驭全局的能力

战略思维和驾驭全局的能力,是领导干部特别是"一把手"应当具备的素质和能力。战略思维和驾驭全局能力是相互贯通的,战略思想能力体现的是科学的思维方式,驾驭全局能力表现的是成功的领导艺术。马克思主义哲学修养,广博的知识,把握全局的能力以及实践是提高战略思维和驾驭全局能力的重要手段。明确组织的权限、职能、定位和目标,善于分析组织环境并抓住机遇,制定好战略规划等是掌握战略规划的基本程序。     

精神分裂症限定责任能力司法鉴定的初步研究

目的研究精神分裂症限定责任能力鉴定的一般规律,并对相关问题提出建议。方法挑选必要的分析条目,对31例鉴定为限定责任能力的精神分裂症患者的司法鉴定资料逐例进行评分分析,对变量进行主成分分析,得出其贡献率大小。结果贡献率分别为因子1:18.785%;因子2:15.549%;因子3:14.023%;因子4:10.347%;因子5:9.437%;因子6:7.923%。结论主要反映患者对危害行为性质的认识因子(因子1)在所有变量中最为重要,并建议对精神分裂症限定责任能力可以进行三级划分。     

Learning from the Philippine occupation: nation‐building and institutional development in Iraq and other high security risk nations

Outcomes of armed conflict in Afghanistan and Iraq indicate that the U.S. has been unprepared to fully address problems related to establishing social and economic stability, security and governance in the aftermath of war. This is unfortunate, given that U.S. policy makers' nation‐building efforts to achieve stability, security and good governance in these nations do not reflect what they should already have learnt about organisational and institutional development from past experiences providing significant development assistance to highly unstable nations. Based on the analysis rendered in this article, ‘smart practice’ development administration in such nations comprises the following key points that link nation building to institutional/organisational development:

• Nation building (creating new national sovereignty) is different from, and harder than, building government capacity (creating or strengthening institutions and organisations).
• Given that building government capacity typically requires years of patient assistance and financing, it is better to build on existing indigenous institutions like the civil service and military.
• The time and expense of development assistance to high security risk nations means that it is advisable to establish a multi‐lateral development assistance plan and a multi‐national, multi‐institutional framework for financing development to pay for all that is necessary over a long period of time (i.e. 20–50 years).
• Policy makers should emphasise social stability and stable economic growth under self‐governance to prevent actual or perceived economic exploitation.
• Policy makers' diplomatic efforts should secure accommodation of various stakeholders sufficient to permit compromise leading to formation of an independent government.
• Where occupation appears necessary to achieve security and stability, policy makers should allocate enough troops and money to do the job, and accurately assess and report all costs of military occupation and nation building.
• Once occupation has occurred, policy makers should not withdraw military support in a way that would increase the likelihood of civil war.
• Premature withdrawal of security, economic and political support prior to the point where high security risk nations are capable of governing themselves will cause a power vacuum, and may result in fragmented regional leadership by warlords. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

     

谈手枪射击课中“时间量”教学法

为提高公安院校学生手枪射击的技能,以适应公安实践的需要,训练中可将体育教学中的"时间量"训练法运用进去,着重进行掏枪中的时间量训练、上膛与瞄准中的时间量训练、瞄准与击发中的时间量训练和"二快一中"的时间量训练.