The arc and the zip: Deleuze and lyotard on art

Lyotard and Deleuze made extensive use of modern art to mount a critique of representation as part of their attack on the enlightenment subject. Art breaks out of received rules, conventions, forms, and cliches and is an instance of ethical if not revolutionary activity. Lyotard first developed these ideas through the concept of the Figure, which Deleuze later adopted. Figure is the desire or force that transgresses and deforms the good form of mimetic representation. Using Cezanne and Francis Bacon as paradigmatic examples, they argue that art creates new feelings and desires (Lyotard) or intensities and sensations (Deleuze). For Deleuze this is the model of ethical behavior -- the creation of new, productive forms of life free from the negativity of judgment. While Lyotard and Deleuze started from a common point, Lyotard changed his position in his later work on the sublime. Rather than positing a subject of purely affirmative desire and ideally free of the limitations of judgment, he posited a subject seized by and limited by the law. The subject is by nature divided: always already seized by and hostage to an Other, an unrepresentable excess or remainder. He is under an obligation to recollect and respond to the Other by bearing witness to it. The sublime experience of seizure by the law is exemplified in the paintings of Barnett Newman. While Deleuze would have done with judgment, Lyotard can never have done with it.     

Social role playing and moral judgment development

This study examined the relationship between social role playing and moral judgment development. Subjects were 197 students enrolled in introductory social science courses at a public junior/community college in a metropolitan area in southeast Florida. The 78 males and 119 females ranged in age from 17 to 66 years, with a mean age of 22. Rest's (1979a, 1979b) Defining Issues Test (DIT) was used to measure level of moral judgment. Social role playing was measured by the number of separate roles held by subjects in the past or present. Academic aptitude, socioeconomic status, age, and sex were included as control variables. Academic aptitude, age, and social role playing each had significant zero-order correlations with moral judgment, and social role playing added significantly to the explanation of moral judgment, controlling for academic aptitude and age. Implications of these results for the understanding of the development of moral judgment and for intervention programs are discussed.     

试论当代中国青年价值观的基本特征

当代中国青年价值观的主流是健康向上、积极进取的。在社会转型期,青年的主体能动性继续增强,个体形象的追求日益彰显,进取精神强烈,注重现实创造。同时,青年群体的价值观也呈现出不稳定、游浮性的特点。只有坚持正确的人生价值导向,抵制不良价值观对青年思想的浸染,提高青年个体的理解、判断能力和心理承载能力,才能引导广大青年追求和树立更高层次的价值观。     

司法鉴定改革之我见

“司法鉴定”应当有广义和狭义两种定义;狭义的司法鉴定应当在审判活动中由法庭启动;侦查机关的刑事技术鉴定属于侦查措施———只能从广义上理解成司法鉴定。我国司法鉴定改革应当立足于中国国情,考虑当前的诉讼制度和社会经济与文化背景,做到公正、高效、有利于维护法律秩序。建议通过立法理顺体制、规范管理,并建立“三级鉴定”制和“存疑举证”制。     

科学发展观：中国共产党价值观的新发展

科学发展观作为马克思主义价值观的中国化的新成果,是对马克思主义价值观的继承和再发展,它满足了马克思主义价值观的基本要求,并且在党的先进性内核中,深刻表现了它的哲学价值、经济价值、政治价值、文化价值和伦理价值,更加全面地体现了物质价值取向、精神价值取向、文化价值取向、民本价值取向,以及深刻体现着＂以民为本＂的价值评判标准。     

法律推理规则与价值判断依据的基础性构建

“同案不同判”的出现反映出了当前司法改革工作当中司法实务人员法律思维模式僵化、裁判文书欠缺说理性等问题,其深层次原因是我国法律推理规则和法官价值判断依据的应用混乱、基础性构建不完善所致.为推动司法改革、进一步实现司法公正,必须正视法律说理不完善、逻辑规则应用混乱,通过制度约束达成价值判断依据与道德衡量的再平衡.     

论我国《刑法》中的“内幕信息”

内幕信息是指对证券、期货交易活动具有重大影响且尚未公开的信息。内幕信息的特征和认定标准应当是两个,即未公开性和重要性。未公开性的认定应当采取形式公开为主、实质公开为辅的标准,根据"两高"最新出台的相关司法解释中的"内幕信息形成之时"和"内幕信息敏感期"认定公开时间和公开方式。重要性的认定应当由完全的"客观标准"向"主观标准"为主、"客观标准"为辅的主客观结合认定模式转变。"相关性"和"确定性"不是内幕信息的特征和判断标准,它们内在地被消解、融汇在重要性判断中。依循权力分工、制衡的法治精神,行政权和司法权的界分决定了在行政犯(罪)领域,行政监管机关对内幕信息内容和性质认定的行政性判断应当从属于司法机关的司法性判断,司法机关的司法性判断应当具有独立性和终局性。     

行政诉讼重作判决具体适用之探析

作为保障行政纠纷在行政诉讼程序中得到实质性解决的判决形式之一,重作判决的适用必须以原告提出重作请求为前提,须附加在撤销判决之后,被诉具体行政行为针对的行政管理问题需要重新处理,且被告对需要重新处理的事项具有法定管辖权。法院在重作判决中,应确定重作的期限,对羁束性行政行为的判决,可附加必要的指示。同时,立法应明确重作判决的效力,明确重作判决的适用要求及对重作行为进行监督与救济的保障性措施。     

占有行为的规范分析

占有行为是指占有的取得或丧失行为,它既不同于遗失等可归于自然事实的占有取得或丧失,也不同于埋藏物发现等形式上有占有要素、但该要素并无实质效用的形似行为,还不同于善意占有变为恶意占有等占有变更。占有行为包括了取得占有或丧失占有的目的意思,该意思不能独立于取得或丧失对物支配的事实状态,故占有行为是目的意思不独立的事实行为。尽管占有行为与法律行为相当不同,但它们之间存有协力、制约、衔接、并存等紧密的规范关联。在法律效果归属领域,在适用占有辅助规范和间接占有规范的基础上,还应类推适用代理规范。     

社会舆论与司法机关的博弈与双赢

社会舆论与司法判决两者的权利均来自于《宪法》,一方权利的扩张,则导致权利失衡,形成社会舆论与司法机关的博弈。激烈的利益冲突使得双方两败俱伤,因此,通过在立法过程中对民意进行疏通汇总,在审判程序中完善人民陪审员制度对民意加以引导,营造社会舆论与司法机关双赢的局面至关重要。