关于中国共产党性质的几个问题

正确认识中国共产党的性质,对我们搞好党的自身建设具有重要意义。本文主要谈了对“党的性质的决定因素和判断标准”、“中国工人阶级先锋队性质的体现”及“中国共产党两个先锋队之间的关系”的认识。     

公司反收购与董事受信义务研究

本文论述了美国公司反收购的概念与形式;董事受信义务与反收购的价值判断;公司反收购司法之原则,董事受信义务在反收购规制中的作用。     

论第三人撤销之诉制度--以对虚假诉讼的规制与案外人救济为出发点

第三人撤销之诉制度的设置目的是规制民事领域里的虚假诉讼现象,为权益受到侵害的案外人提供救济与保障。从法理上看,该制度在我国的确立有其正当性和必要性,引入该制度也是衡量生效裁判稳定与第三人权益救济的结果。但该制度在实践中却存在立法层面、制度自身设置、与其他救济途径的竞合以及与规制虚假诉讼的衔接等方面的问题。本文从价值选择与功能定位、程序顺位与实体基础以及程序设计与制度协调方面提出完善建议,试图为第三人撤销之诉制度的正确实施与功能发挥提供可能的思路。     

Courage,regulatory responsibility,and the challenge of higher‐order reflexivity

Contemporary regulators must respond to ever‐increasing societal demands in various domains. Regulators must cope with these demands under conditions of extreme epistemic scarcity and ideological divide. This leaves regulators perplexed about what action they should take. Regulatory praxis offers two primary responses to this moral and epistemic dilemma: technical canonization and reflexive regulation. While these two approaches represent contrary regulatory philosophies, they suffer from two common blind spots: (a) disregard of the critical role of discretionary judgment in regulatory action; and (b) disregard of the dilemma of higher‐order reflexivity. The article explores the idea of higher‐order reflexivity in the regulatory context. This exploration renders visible the abysses that are faced by regulators as they attempt to resolve regulatory dilemmas through a cognizant and introspective process. The article argues that the Socratic concept of courage and the idea of forward‐looking responsibility provide a plausible framework for thinking about the challenge of regulatory judgment. It concludes with a discussion of the legal and institutional mechanisms that could both facilitate and put to scrutiny the realization of this ideal (but noting also several features of the contemporary regulatory system which constitute potential barriers).     

裁判请求权的宪法保障

裁判请求权,是指公民在权利遭受到侵害或与他人发生纠纷时,所享有的请求司法机关予以公正审判的权利。每个人是否可以更容易的接近司法,并获得公正的裁判,业已成为衡量一国司法水平、法治实现程度的重要指标。权利能否得到及时的救济、纠纷能否得到有效的解决,关系着每个公民的基本权利及其他权利能否得到切实保障,同时也有助于维护国家的长治久安。将裁判请求权规定于宪法中加以保障,是国际社会的通行做法,也是我国法治建设的必然要求。     

中国犯罪记录制度的体系化构建——当前司法改革中裁判文书网络公开的忧思

刑事裁判文书公开经历了从不公开到有限公开再到当前的全面实名网络公开三个阶段,成为近期司法改革的重点和标志。犯罪人的身份信息兼具公共属性和私权性质,而当前司法改革未能准确把握其法律性质和法律评价,在制度设计时,忽视了对犯罪人隐私权的保护,混淆了规范性评价和非规范性评价各自的特征和功能,使刑事裁判文书公开的正当性出现了欠缺,不仅削弱了刑事裁判文书公开应有的促进司法完善的效果,而且成为未来的中国犯罪记录制度建构的重大阻碍,成为刑事法治完善进程中的不和谐因素。尽快对当前刑事裁判文书网络化公开的改革举措进行调整,在公布的刑事裁判文书中隐匿犯罪人的姓名,并以此为契机,推动中国犯罪记录制度的建构,是未来司法改革完善的重要工作。     

数额犯中数额认识错误的评判

在我国违法和犯罪分开的二元立法背景下,必然使犯罪概念蕴含着罪量要素,刑法理论和司法实践当中的数额犯、情节犯等概念亦成为绕不开的重要话题,故此数额犯便成为了我国刑法理论上所特有的犯罪形态.因此,有必要对数额犯中数额认识错误的问题进行系统讨论,并提出相应的评判标准,以期能更好的解决司法实践中所遇到的难题.从数额犯所涉及的数额的概念入手,明确数额在数额犯中乃至我国刑法中的定位问题是研究数额认识错误评判的前提,由于数额认定是司法实践中定罪量刑的重要因素,但由于数额在刑事案件中看似具体但又包含着抽象的成分,所以既需要对其进行量的判断,又需要相应的价值判断.有了对数额认识错误的法理评判,就能结合刑法条文以及相关司法解释,对具体案件中行为人的数额认识错误问题作出正确的诠释.     

刑事政策在刑法解释中的作用空间——兼论刑法解释中的价值判断和事实判断

在刑事政策纳入刑法教义学和相对罪刑法定原则的前提下,刑事政策对于刑法解释起到相当的作用.刑法规范构成要件的解释,应当区分规范的构成要件要素和记述的构成要件要素.对于规范的构成要件要素而言,刑事政策可以发挥其在刑法解释中价值判断的作用.但是对于记述的构成要件要素,在刑法解释中应当排斥价值判断,对其解释的性质只能是某种事实的追认,即事实判断.在刑法解释过程中,一旦价值判断和事实判断出现错位,类推解释则会出现,进而违背罪刑法定原则.     

On Public Action

Abstract

This essay explores Hannah Arendt’s contribution to our understanding of the rhetorical as opposed to the aesthetic quality of public speech, with an emphasis upon her conception of opinion and glory. Arendt’s focus on the revelatory quality of public action in speech is widely understood to preclude or seriously limit its communicative aspect. I argue that this is a misunderstanding, and that accepting it would reduce speech not merely to the discussion of a sharply limited set of topics, but to no topics at all. Public action is speech that reveals the speaker as “answering, talking back and measuring up to whatever happened or was done.” Such revelatory speech is most appropriately judged by the standard of the glorious and the inglorious. Because such speech must inform as well as reveals, so does glorious or great speech rise to the level of greatness in part because of what is said, to whom, where, and how. Arendt’s understanding of this is shown to have significant parallels to the ordinary language philosophy of Stanley Cavell.     

我国民事诉讼的法律效力制度再认识

法律效力是指确定判决发生的诉讼法上效果,它是现行民事诉讼法的核心制度,也是对苏联法的移植与本土化。基于诸多原因,法律效力制度的意义及其法理在我国尘封至今。在考察我国民事诉讼的法律效力制度之演进基础上,我们应当考虑在保留已移植的苏联法上形式法律效力的基础上,注重参考德日法上有关实质法律效力的规定,以改革和完善我国民事诉讼的法律效力制度。