共同富裕：效率与公平统一的价值目标

共同富裕是我们党和全国人民始终追求的价值目标,而效率与公平的统一是共同富裕目标的内在要求.在中国特色社会主义建设实践中,我们党正确定位效率与公平的关系,提出新时期要更加注重公平,为实现共同富裕目标提供了积极、有益的思路.     

关于公平与效率相互关系的几点思考

保证社会公平与提高经济效率是社会主义初级阶段党和政府面临的两大历史任务。效率高又公平是人类最理想的社会状态。公平与效率二者是对立统一的辩证关系,把握公平与效率二者之间的最优平衡点是对党和政府执政能力强弱的有效检验,而要做到这一点,必须坚决破除在公平与效率相互关系上的形而上学观点。     

我国引渡外逃经济罪犯的法律障碍和对策——以赖昌星遣返为视角

2006年6月,赖昌星遣返再次遇阻,此案折射出我国引渡外逃经济罪犯存在三大主要法律障碍:引渡条约的缺位;死刑问题;司法公正问题。有鉴于此,我国应采取相应的法律对策:扩展与外国的双边引渡条约关系;废除经济犯罪适用死刑;加强司法改革,树立司法公正的国际形象。     

刑法视野中的公正与效率价值论析

公正与效率,是21世纪人民法院工作的主题.如何在刑事司法领域实现公正价值,文章从刑罚目的的多元性、罪刑关系的复杂性和刑罚的特性等角度,分析认为,刑法的公正性是一个典型的关系范畴;它在相互矛盾的事物间指"衡平";在界限模糊的事物间指"普遍一致性";在激烈的社会冲突中指秩序、人道与安全.文章还对公正与效率的价值定位作了重点分析,针对法理上所主张的"效率优先、兼顾公平"的见解,提出了异议.     

Reactions to Perceived Fairness: The Impact of Mortality Salience and Self-Esteem on Ratings of Negative Affect

In correspondence with terror management theory, the findings of two experiments show that reminders of death lead to stronger effects of perceived fairness on ratings of negative affect. Furthermore, in line with the theory's self-esteem mechanism, results of Experiment 1 suggest that state self-esteem may mediate this relationship between mortality salience and fairness. In further correspondence with the self-esteem mechanism, findings of Experiment 2 reveal that introducing an activity (after reminders of death and before the fairness manipulation) with which people can reaffirm positive conceptions of themselves leads people to react less strongly to variations in fairness than not introducing such a self-affirmation activity. These findings suggest that people react especially strongly to perceived fairness when they are in need for a boost in their self-esteem. Implications for the psychology of fairness are discussed.     

Moral Convictions Often Override Concerns About Procedural Fairness: A Reply to Napier and Tyler

Napier and Tyler (this issue) question whether moral convictions about outcomes really override the influence of procedural fairness (PF) on fairness judgments and decision acceptance. The empirical answer to this question is “yes.” When people have strong moral convictions about outcomes, perceptions of outcome fairness and decision acceptance are primarily shaped by whether the morally “correct” outcomes are achieved. Pre-decision perceptions of PF have surprisingly little or no effect on these judgments. That said, pre-outcome perceptions of PF sometimes predict post-outcome perceptions of PF, even when people have morally vested outcome preferences. We provide further details supporting the validity and superiority of our data analytic approach and argue that our original conclusions were justified.

迈向方法论时代的价值法学——以实现社会公平正义为视角的分析

以社会公平正义等为研究核心的价值法学在我国取得了令人瞩目的成绩,俨然成为法学主流学术流派。但是,我国学者在研究价值法学的过程中,缺乏对实现价值的方法的探索。这样就出现了价值法学研究兴旺,但是个案公正却很难得到维护的矛盾现象。当代中国法治建设,不仅要关注以价值为基础的宏大叙事,更需要关注实现价值的方法。追寻实现法律价值的方法是开启价值之门的智慧之钥,也是实践价值意义的基本路径,更是反思价值之路的实用之道。要从政治的、经济的和法律的层面上寻找诸如社会公平正义之类价值实现的方法。     

Does procedural fairness matter for drug abusers to stop illicit drug use? Testing the applicability of the process-based model in a Chinese context

ABSTRACT

This study examined the influences of procedural fairness on Chinese drug users’ efforts to stop substance abuse, with a primary goal to test the applicability of the process-based model in the Chinese context. According to Tyler (1990 Tyler, T. (1990). Why people obey the law. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press. [Google Scholar], Why people obey the law. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press), the core theoretical argument underpinning the process-based model is that if citizens consider the police to be fair in using their powers, they will view the police as legitimate and accordingly cooperate with the police and comply with the law. Using data from a sample of 202 Chinese drug users, this study found that procedural fairness has an indirect effect on drug users’ efforts to stop illicit drug use. Specifically, procedural fairness used by the police increased Chinese drug users’ efforts to stop substance abuse through its prior effects on drug users’ perceptions of police trustworthiness. These findings provide some support for the key arguments of the process-based model of regulation, and have important implications for the direction of efforts to encourage desistance-related behavior among substance abusers.     

司法改革与公平正义——2014’辽宁政法理论年会论文综述

2014’辽宁政法理论年会以＂司法改革与公平正义＂为主题,组织辽宁省政法系统的法律工作者就司法体制改革、法律监督、中国梦与法制建设、量刑规范化、政法队伍建设等多个论题展开了深入研讨,展示了辽宁省政法系统理论研究的最新成果。     

Mind the gap(s): Winning,losing, and perceptions of electoral integrity in mixed-member proportional systems

This study investigates whether and how experiences of winning and losing at the ballot box shape voters' views about the integrity of the electoral process in Germany's mixed-member proportional system. Relying on comprehensive data from the German Longitudinal Election Study (GLES) 2021, the analysis provides evidence for a consistent winner-loser gap in voters' electoral-integrity perceptions, with electoral losers evaluating the electoral process systematically more negative than electoral winners. Moreover, the analysis shows that the winner-loser gap is particularly pronounced for voters who lost in two consecutive federal elections (‘repeated losers’) as well as for those who suffered electoral defeat with both their list and district votes (‘double losers’). These findings provide novel insights on how voters in mixed-member proportional systems cope with winning and losing at the ballot box, highlighting that electoral losers place (part of) the blame for their electoral defeat on the electoral process and procedures as such. In addition, the findings point to the relevance of specific features of electoral systems in shaping winner-loser gaps in electoral-integrity beliefs.