开展罪犯心理健康教育研究与实验的总体构想

罪犯作为特殊的社会群体 ,是心理问题和心理疾病的高发群体。开展罪犯心理健康教育是稳定罪犯改造情绪和监狱改造秩序的需要 ;是提高罪犯素质 ,适应再社会化后的需要。《罪犯心理健康教育科学化实施的研究与实验》采用“质的研究”方法 ,从理论上着重研究罪犯心理健康教育的内涵、罪犯心理健康教育的内容 ;从实践上着重探索罪犯心理健康教育科学化实施的方法、途径和模式。     

Malnourished children? Child health disparities and its causes in Eastern India

The disparity in child health outcomes across Indian districts, particularly in Eastern India, is alarming. Approximately half of the districts in this region exhibit very poor child health outcomes, evidenced by alarmingly high neonatal, infant, and under-five mortality rates. This study analyses the existing levels and patterns of child health outcomes across 112 districts of Eastern India, a region known for its low levels of child health status. To do this, we have constructed a composite child health index (CHI) using nationally representative data from the National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5). Using Principal Component Analysis, the study uses the CHI values to categorize the districts into high, moderate, and low-performing districts. The results show a significant variation in CHI outcomes across the districts, with striking regional disparities. Notably, all high-performing districts were located only in the state of Odisha. In contrast, a substantial proportion of the low-performing districts were in the state of Bihar, suggesting systemic healthcare deficiencies. Using discriminant function analysis, we obtain the critical determinants of CHI to be sanitation facilities, mother's education, marriage before 18 years, and low body mass index of the mother. Our findings confirm that improvements in these areas are crucial for enhancing child health outcomes and ending intergenerational transmission of poor health outcomes. The implications of this study extend beyond eastern India, offering valuable insights into similar challenges in global low- and middle-income regions.     

United Nations "Policy": An Argument with Three Illustrations

This article explores whether and in what sense there is a "United Nations policy," a topic unexplored in the literature. The UN's universal character provides legitimacy, a precious asset in formulating global public policy. It is thus the forum of choice for regime negotiation and norm promotion for contested contemporary challenges, reflecting its comparative advantage and its unique ability to formulate policies that aspire to universal application and relevance. This essay explores the UN's particular contribution to global problem solving for terrorism, sustainability, and controlling pandemics in order to show, through these three illustrations, how the United Nations contributes to the advance or retreat of global governance.     

新型农村合作医疗制度发展取向研究

新型农村合作医疗制度是我国2003年开始在农村地区实行的一种医疗互助共济制度。然而,随着我国医疗体制的改革,农村经济条件的变化、农村人口流动的加快、城市化的挑战以及农村人口老龄化等因素使得新农合制度逐渐发生变化。本文认为,必须围绕我国医疗保障体制改革的目标,研究新农合制度的发展取向,不断优化现行的新农合制度。     

工作时间对城乡就业者健康的影响

工作时间对就业者健康有重要的影响。研究基于CFPS2018数据,利用回归分析和Utest检验方法验证了工作时间与就业者的各项健康指标之间的关系,并计算了工作时间的临界值。研究发现：工作时间与自评健康、心理健康以及慢性病指标之间均存在倒U型关系,临界值分别为45.075小时/周、35.550小时/周、53.100小时/周,并且在城乡之间存在异质性。工作时间与城镇就业者的自评健康、城镇就业者的心理健康,以及乡村就业者的自评健康之间存在倒U型关系,但与乡村就业者的心理健康之间为线性关系,城镇就业者的自评健康临界值要大于乡村就业者。研究建议：可以提倡有限度的加班并给予加班补偿;此外,政府应该大力促进就业,尤其是提升乡村就业者的就业质量。     

塑造健全人格提高大学生心理健康水平

大学生正处于青年中期,是人格形成和发展的关键时期。人格是社会化的产物,人格发展受社会环境的影响。在社会主义市场经济体制初步建立的条件下,人们的生活方式、价值观念、思想意识受到较大的冲击,大学生的思想意识正经历着前所未有的巨大变化。     

对东西部公安学员心理健康与人格特征的研究

采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)和艾森克人格问卷(EPQ),测量浙江与四川省公安院校部分学员,结果显示,东西部公安院校学员心理健康状况基本一致,存在心理问题的学员比例为8.68％;人格特征方面,神经质、精神质与内外向为中间型,且较为纯朴。SCL-90与EPQ得分的相关分析表明,情绪越不稳定和精神质越明显,越倾向于出现更多的心理健康问题。     

校园突发公共卫生事件的应对与策略

传染性非典型肺炎--一次突发公共卫生事件,敲响了校园预防和应对突发公共卫生事件的警钟.文章从公共卫生角度对校园突发公共卫生事件的主要特征进行了分析,提出相应的应对与策略--校内各部门应该齐抓共管,以预防为主,制定相关政策,建立健全应急机制,正确而快速地应对校园突发公共卫生事件.     

从东北振兴迈向东北亚大同:试论东北振兴计划与“中韩港”合作

全球化时代的东北振兴不仅具有重要的中国国内经济发展意义,还有重大的国际和地区战略意义,"中韩港"三边合作,对于从东北振兴迈向东北亚大同,具有举足轻重的作用。自上个世纪90年代以来,朝核问题成为影响东北亚和平稳定的主要因素,在六方会谈框架下,中韩双方在维护朝鲜半岛以及东北亚局势的稳定方面积累了合作的经验,两国的经济联系也日益密切。在2008年金融危机背景下,中韩经济均受到不同程度的冲击,中国需要通过拉动内需防止经济发展势头中断,韩国和中国香港特区也需要寻找新的增长空间,而东北振兴计划能够为解决上述矛盾找到出路。中国东部跨越、中部崛起、西部开发都离不开东西和谐、南北合作。"中韩港"在振兴东北问题上的合作如果奏效,有利于吸引更多的国际资本流向该地区,从而为该地区的稳定繁荣打下进一步的基础,为通向东北亚大同创造必要的条件。     

Depression and attitudes to change in referendums: The case of Brexit

Depression is the most common mental illness and its profound impact on cognition and decision-making has implications for political judgement. However, those implications are unclear in the case of referendums offering a choice between status quo and change. On one hand, one component of depression is the kind of life dissatisfaction associated with voting for change. Yet cognitive models also portray depression sufferers as biased towards the status quo: they are less inclined to research change, more pessimistic about its benefits and more likely to exaggerate its potential costs. In this paper, we use data from Understanding Society to examine the impact of those cross-pressures on support for Brexit. Prior to the referendum, while life dissatisfaction and generally poor health predicted support for Leaving the European Union (EU), those diagnosed with depression were disproportionately likely to support Remain. Supporting our claim that the latter was a sign of status quo bias, this difference disappeared once the result was in and leaving the EU had become the widespread expectation. The study highlights the unexplored importance of mental health for political judgements, emphasises the multidimensionality of conditions like depression and illustrates the psychological role of status quo bias in referendum voting.